Exam 3

What is the most common cardiac arrythmia?
AF
V-tach
PVCs
SVT
Persistant AF that last for 1 year or more is known as
Lone AF
Paroxysmal AF
Recurrent AF
Lone AF
Long-standing AF
Anticoagulation therapy for patients with Afib reduces embolization risk by
60%
70%
80%
100%
Which of the following would benefit from statin therapy? Select all that apply
A patient who already has ASCVD
A patient whose LDL is 200
A patient with an LDL of 100 and diabetes
A patient whose LDL is 120 and their 10 year ASCVD risk is 12%
What medication is NOT recommended as a first line drug therapy for hypertension within JNC 8 guidelines for a 54 year-old black female who does not have diabetes or kidney disease?
Amlodipine (CCB)
Valsartan (ARB)
Verapamil (CCB
Hydrochlorothiazide (thiazide diuretic)
A 55 year old patient has a physiological split of S2, the NP notes that:
Heard best at the base
This is always pathological
Its a low frequency sound
Mrs. Smith is a 54 year-old diabetic African–American female with Stage II hypertension and stage III chronic renal disease. According to JNC-8 guidelines, which of the following is an appropriate antihypertensive drug for Mrs. Smith? Select the one best answer:
Valsartan
Hydrochlorotiazide
Verapamil
Nadolol
Who does NOT need subacute bacterial endocarditis prophylaxis before a dental procedure?
A. An adult male with history of previous infective endocarditis
B. An adult female with a prosthetic valve
C. An adult male with a heart transplant and valvular disease
D. An adult female with mild mitral valve prolapse
According to the November 2013 ACC/AHA Blood Cholesterol guidelines, which person would benefit from high intensity statin therapy (atorvastatin 40-80 mg/day or rosuvastatin 20-40 mg/day)?
A. 42 year-old female with fasting LDL-C = 200mg/dL
B. 82 year-old female with stable angina, and fasting LDL-C=160mg/dL Incorrect
C. 22 year-old diabetic male whose fasting LDL-C= 130mg/dL
D. 63 year-old nondiabetic male with fasting LDL-C =140mg/dL, no clinical ASCVD history, and 10 year ASCVD risk=5%
What is an appropriate first line pharmacologic therapy for Stage I hypertension for a black diabetic male with chronic kidney disease?
Potassium sparing diuretic
Beta blocker
ARB
A 72 year-old female has blood pressure readings on 4 different occasions ranging between 160-168/85-95. What is the correct diagnosis?
Norma blood pressure
Prehypertension
Hypertension stage I
Hypertension stage II
For patients with atrial fibrillation, which type of medication is usually started first, rate control or rhythm control?
D. Rate control medications because they have fewer side effects.
A. Rhythm control medications because they improve quality of life and decrease morbidity/mortality more effectively than rate control medications.
True or False? The major changes in the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Blood Cholesterol Guideline are based on the fact that achievement of LDL targets has NOT resulted in reduced atherosclerosis.
True
False
Who would benefit from estimation of 10-year risk of developing ASCVD?
A. 46 year-old male with fasting LDL-C of 196mg/dL
B. 82 year-old female with unstable angina
C. 54 year-old diabetic male with LDL-C= 140mg/dL
D. 63 year-old male who has already had CABG
A 45 year-old male has hypertension. What is the recommended goal of drug therapy for this patient?
A. BP < 140/90 within one month
B. BP <140/90 within one year
C. BP < 120/80 within one month
D. BP< 150/90 within one month
Which findings indicate end organ damage from long-standing hypertension? Select all that apply:
Flame hemorrhages on fundoscopic exam
LVH
Elevated creatinine
Anemia
Lipid abnormalities
Clotting disorder
According to the new ACC/AHA 2013 Blood Cholesterol guideline, which of the following persons would NOT benefit from the addition of a nonstatin to statin therapy?
A. High risk patient who is completely statin intolerant
B. 45 year old diabetic female with fasting LDL-C= 140 mg, and 10 year ASCVD risk=5%
C. High risk patient with less than anticipated response to statin therapy
D. High risk patient who cannot tolerate a less than recommended statin intensity
Who should have their 10-year ASCVD risk calculated?
60 year old nondiabetic with stable angina and LDL <70
45 year old diabetic without ASCVD whose LDL is 135 and has had a mild stroke
64 year old non diabetic without ascvd and LDL is 160
64 year old non diabetic with LDL > 190
Which valvular problems produce a systolic murmur?
Aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation
Aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation
Mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation
Mitral stenosis and aortic regurgitation
Atrial Fibrillation that lasts longer than 7 days and requires cardioversion to restore sinus rhythym is classified as what type?
Lone
Paroxysmal
Persistant
Permanent
Which of the following has NOT been shown to be associated with atrial fibrillation?
Caffeine use
Alcohole excess
Diabetes
Obstructive sleep apnea
Which of the following is true about coarctation of the aorta
It is a congenital heart defect
It usually does not regquire surgical repair
Adults with coarctation my present with hypotension
Osler nodes are seen in some patients with Subacute bacterial endocarditis. These are defined as:
Nontender maculae on palms and soles of feet
Tender subcutaneous nodules on distal pads of the digits
Retinal hemorrhages with small clear centers
Dark red lines on nails
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