Which of the following can be a member of the United Nations?

Which of the following can be a member of the United Nations?

A head of state

A sovereign state

A state government

A minister for foreign affairs

Which of the following is an example of an intergovernmental organisation?

Federal Parliament

Amnesty International

Commonwealth of Nations

Australian Human Rights Commission

How are international human rights protected under Australian law?

Treaties are enacted by a federal statute

Covenants are ratified by the Governor-General

Declarations are incorporated into the Australian Constitution

Conventions are enforced by the Australian Human Rights Commission

Which of the following is a feature of statutory protection of human rights in Australia?

Parliament cannot change human rights legislation

Judges interpret and apply human rights legislation

A referendum is required to amend human rights legislation

Human rights treaties are enshrined in the Australian Constitution

Which of the following is true of the International Criminal Court?

It is an ad hoc tribunal

It is established by a treaty

It deals with transnational crimes

It is the judicial arm of the United Nations

Which of the following best explains state sovereignty?

A head of state can make all laws

A head of state can enter into international treaties

Nation states are in control of their own domestic affairs

Nation states can intervene to protect human rights in other nations

Which of the following involves both a human rights issue and a criminal law issue in Australia?

A woman demands equal pay

A refugee is arrested for assault

A child is forced to work in a factory

A same-sex couple is denied the right to marry

International human rights are best protected in NSW by

Common law

International law

The NSW Constitution

The Australian Constitution

A government prevents women from voting in an election. This action violates the state’s own domestic legislation. Which of the following does this action demonstrate?

Non-compliance

Changing values

Universal suffrage

A non-legal measure

How is the European Union best described?

As a court

As a tribunal

As part of the United Nations

As an intergovernmental organisation

The president of a nation state is accused of war crimes. Where would this case be prosecuted?

International Criminal Court

International Court of Justice

United Nations Security Council

United Nations Human Rights Council

Human rights are best protected in Australia when they are

Subject to media attention

Incorporated into legislation

Incorporated into the common law

Supported by non-government organisations

The role of the International Court of Justice is to hear

The most serious international crimes

Disputes between nation states and issue advice

Cases involving human rights abuses brought by individuals

Cases involving human rights abuses brought by non-member states

International human rights law is debated, discussed and recommended by which organ of the United Nations?

The Secretariat

The Security Council

The General Assembly

The Economic and Social Council

Which of the following is an example of how the International Criminal Court promotes compliance with human rights standards?

By prosecuting nations accused of genocide

By prosecuting individuals accused of war crimes

By prosecuting individuals charged with terrorism

By adjudicating when one country has accused another of human trafficking

Why is the ratification of international agreements important in protecting human rights in Australia?

It allows domestic laws to incorporate protections

It incorporates protections directly into domestic law

It allows the High Court to enforce Australia’s Constitution

It allows non-government organisations to provide legal remedies

Can the High Court of Australia establish enforceable human rights?

Yes. Constitutional interpretation permits this

Yes. The Constitution expressly authorises this

No. The division of powers does not allow this

No. The separation of powers does not permit this

Which of the following is a role of non-government organisations?

Enforce new human rights agreements

Prosecute breaches of human rights in the courts

Provide assistance to victims of human rights abuses

Enact legislation to reflect international human rights agreements

Which of the following is an argument against having a Charter of Rights in Australia?

It may encourage human rights violations

Statute law currently protects human rights

Citizens may demonstrate increased respect for human rights

It gives the United Nations more power to monitor human rights

A nation is a signatory to the Rome Statute. Its president is formally accused by the International Criminal Court of war crimes against her citizens. Why might it be difficult to bring her to trial?

She would have to consent to be tried

She would have to be arrested and extradited

The International Criminal Court does not have jurisdiction

Trying a president in the International Criminal Court is expensive

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