Physio cycle 2

61. Identify cells which are NOT elements of the visual pathway:

A) Bipolar cells

B) Cells of the lateral geniculate body of the thalamus

C) Cells of the medial geniculate body of the thalamus

D) Small retinal cells

E) Purkinje cells

62 Find right statement concerning audition:

A) Frequency of vibration of the basilar membrane differs frequency of vibration of the ear drum

B) The apical part of the basilar membrane resonates the most in response to the tone of 200Hz

C) Outer hair cells of the cochlea help to discriminate loudness of the sound

D) Inner hair cells of the cochlea function as detectors of the tone pitch

E) Tone of 20kHz produces vibration of the entire basilar membrane

63. Identify right statements concerning the ß-rhythm appearing on an EEG recording:

A) It is present in awake patient with eyes open

B) It is made of low frequency high amplitude waves frequency is 8-12 Hz

C) It forms sleep spindles of the EEG recording

D) It is recorded during REM sleep

E) It disappears from the EEG recording after closure of eyes

64. Right LGN (lateral geniculate nucleus) is entered by input from:

A) Temporal half of the left retina

B) Temporal half of the right retina

C) Nasal half of the left retina

D) Nasal half of the right retina

E) Both left hemiretinas (left half of both retinas)

65. In conductive loss of hearing (conductive deafness) of the right ear:

A) In Weber test sound is heard louder by the right ear

B) Rinne test of the right ear is positive

C) Patient's hearing of the right ear is longer than the examiner's in Schwalbach test

D) Air conduction of the right ear is better bone conduction

22. Which of the following statements concerning visual acuity are NOT TRUE:

A) Is tested by Snellen letter chart

B) Is normal when eyes are able to discriminate details separated by a visual angle of 5 minutes of arc (1 min of arc= 1/60 degree)

C) It depends on defects of focusing

D) It depends on the state of rods

66. Rhodopsin is:

A) Composed of transducin and photopsin

B) The G-protein of cones

C) The serpentine receptor coupled with G-protein which activates enzyme PDE

D) IT is a ligand gated channel similar to muscarinic receptor

E) Metabotropic receptor located on free floating discs of the outer segment of rods

67. Which of the following cells are able to generate action potential?

A) Olfactory receptor cells

B) Hair cells of the organ of Corti

C) Ganglion cells of the retina

D) Bipolar cells of the retina

68. Right statements concerning visual acuity

A. In the top row of the Snellen chart letters are separated by 1 arc. It can be read from 50m away

B. It is the nearest point to the eye at which an object can be brought into clear focus by accommodation

C. Is related to the smallest angle by which two points can be separated and still perceived as two points.

D. Is determined by ophthalmoscope

69. Location of mechanoreceptors

70. Rigor mortis in skeletal muscle

A. Increased concentration of sodium in cytosol

B. Increased concentration of potassium in cytosol

C. Depletion of ATP

D. Increased phosphocreatine

E. Increase concentration of calcium in cytosol

71. Excitation-contraction coupling in SMOOTH cells involves following events except

A. Activation of ryanodine receptors of sarcoplasmic reticulum

B. Activation of IP3 receptor of sarcoplasmic reticulum

C. Binding of Calcium to Troponin C

D. Phosphorylation of myosin light chains

E. ATP hydrolysis

72. Purkinje fibers of cerebellar cortex

A. Innervated by climbing fibers carrying info of inferior olive

B. Efferent output to deep cerebellar nuclei

C. Directly innervated by mossy fibers though parallel fibers

D. Produce IPSP through GABA

73. Fovea centralis

A. High amount of rods

B. Located medially to optic disc/blind spot

C. Located laterally to optic disc

74. Characteristics about multi-unit smooth muscle

A. Innervated by branches of autonomous nervous system

B. Gap junctions propagate signal from cell to cell

C. Are characteristic for BER (slow waves)

D. Innervation by ANS is similar to innervation at neuromuscular junction in skeletal muscle

E. Are found in ciliary body and iris of eye

75. Phototransduction

A. Retinal configuration from less energetic cis confirmation to more energetic trans configuration (1)

B. Hyperpolarization (5)

C. Closure of Na+ channels dependent on cGMP (4)

D. Opening of Na+ channels dependent on cGMP

E. Activation of Transducin (2)

F. Reduced concentration of cGMP (3)

76. True about conduction

A. Conduction deafness can occur when cochlea is damaged

B. Bone conduction is compared to air conduction I rinne test

C. The human air is sensitive to sound frequencies from 6-10hz

D. Damage to ear results in hearing of louder sounds in weber test

77. What is true about stretch reflex

A. The flower ending is formed by Ia fibers

B. The annulospiral ending is formed by Ib fibers

C. The annulospiral ending is formed by Ia fibers

D. The golgi tendon organ has primary plate ending formed by Ib

78. Gracile Fasciculus is composed of (mind order)

A. Neurons in posterior horn of spinal cord

B. Neurons in dorsal root ganglion (1)

C. Neurons in nucleus gracile (2)

D. Neurons in ventral posterolateral nuclei of thalamus (3)

E. Neurons in posterior central gyrus of cerebral cortex (4)

79. Anterior spinothalamic tract (dick pie very please)

A. Neurons in posterior horn of spinal cord (2)

B. Neurons in dorsal root ganglion (1)

C. Neurons in nucleus gracile

D. Neurons in ventral posterolateral nuclei of thalamus (3)

E. Neurons in posterior central gyrus of cerebral cortex (4)

80. Which cells are NOT elements of visual pathway?

A. Bipolar cells

B. Cells of lateral geniculate body of thalamus

C. Cells of medial geniculate body of the thalamus

D. Small retinal cells

E. Purkinje cells

81. Visual neurons (mind the order)

A. Photosensitive cells (1)

B. Bipolar cells (2)

C. Ganglion cells (3)

D. Neuron cells from medial vehicular body

E. Purkinje cells

F. Neurons of lateral vehicular body (4)

G. Brodmann’s cell 17 neuron cells (5)

82. True about visual field

A. Can be modulated by pathway lesion

B. It reaches nasally 90-95 degree from fovea centralism

C. Its blind spot is located temporally from fovea centralism

D. It is the nearest point which can be focused on retina by accommodation

83. Slow pain

A. Inhibited by substancia gelatinous

B. Transmitted by unmyelinated C-fibers

C. Is bright and easy to locate

D. Substancia gelatinous increases flow/velocity

E. Intralaminar nuclei

84. Nociception

A. Is conducted by lateral spinothalamic tract

B. Is conducted with same pathway as vibration and touch

C. Is conducted with same pathway as temperature

D. Is conducted with same pathway as proprioception

85. Which of following sentences concern Purkinje cells:

A. They are located in cerebellar cortex.

B. They are excited by climbing fibers - terminations of spino-olivary-cerebellar pathways.

C. They collect efferent output from deep cerebellar nuclei.

D. They are first-order neurons of the corticospinal tracts.

E. Their axon terminals are GABA-ergic. They produce IPSP to neurons of deep cerebellar nuclei.

86. Which of following sentences describe properly effects of damage of the alpha-motor neuron of the anterior horn of the spinal cord (so called Iower motor neuron):

A. Spinal reflex cannot be elicited (they are not observed)

B. Resting tremor is observed

C. Muscles are denervated and flaccid paralysis is observed

D. Movements are not properly coordinated.

E. Tone of muscles is increased. Such a condition is called spasticity.

87. Identify right statements concerning gamma motor neurons:

A. They are synapsed by axons of reticulospinal tracts.

B. They innervate extrafusal skeletal muscle cell

C. Their axons synapse on muscle cells of the muscle spindle.

D. They are converged mostly by axons of corticospinal tracts.

E. They join Iower motor neurons to the Golgi tendon organ.

88. Input to the postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe (somatosensory cortex) originates from:

A. Slow pain pathways.

B. Vestibular organ.

C. Lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus.

D. Muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs of skeletal muscles.

E. Sensory receptors located in skin.

89. Nociception is conducted by:

A. The lateral spinothalamic tract

B. The same pathway as the input sense of vibration and fine, precise touch

C. The same pathway as the input from thermoreceptors (sense of the warm and cold temperature)

D. Posterior funiculi (gracile and cuneate fasciculi)

90. Which statements are right?

A. Stretch reflex is a monosynaptic reflex.

B. Stretch reflex is a defensive, withdrawal reflex.

C. Stretch reflex is released by Golgi tendon organ

D. Stretch reflex is elicited from muscle spindle.

Physio cycle 2

More Quizzes