RCR Anatomy

Which one of these is NOT a part of the upper respiratory system?
Larynx
Nasal cavity
Paranasal air sinuses
Pharynx
What is another name for the internal nares?
Conchae
Choane
Meatuses
Laryngeal inlet
What opens into the meatuses?
Paranasal air sinuses only
Paranasal air sinuses and nasolacrimal duct
Nasolacrimal duct only
Nasolacrimal duct and tear duct only
Paranasal air sinuses, tear duct and submandibular glands
Which one of these is NOT a paranasal air sinus?
Ethmoidal
Frontal
Maxillary
Spherical
Sphenoidal
Which section of the pharynx extends from palatine tonsils to epiglottis?
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
What section of the pharynx contains the opening of the auditory tube?
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
Which one of these is NOT a set of tonsils?
Laryngeal
Lingual
Palatine
Pharyngeal
What are tonsils?
Small clumps of hyaline cartilage
Collections of lymphoid tissue
Extensions of the airway mucosa
Collections of specialised cilliated epithelial cells
What is the larynx suspended on?
Arythenoids
Cricoid cartilage
Epiglottis
Hyloid bone
Thyroid cartilage
Which is the most superior?
Infraglottic cavity
Ventricle
Vestibule
The trachea comprises dense fibroelastic tissue, cartilage and smooth muscle.
TRUE
FALSE
Mucosa is made of respiratory epithelium and lamina propria.
TRUE
FALSE
This is a section of the trachea. What is the layer between the smooth muscle and submucosa?
Adipose tissue
Respiratory epithelium
Hyaline cartilage
Loose connective tissue
Mucosa
Classify type II pneumocytes.
Cilliated cuboidal
Cuboidal
Squamous
Stratified
Columnar
What are the large white spaces?
Alveoli
Alveolar ducts
Alveolar sacs
Bronchioles
Which one of these is NOT a function of type II alveolar cells?
Secrete surfactant
Proliferate into type I alveolar cells
Detoxify harmful substances (by having CP450 in their SER)
Form the blood-air barrier
Where are Clara cells located?
Bronchiolar ciliated simple epithelium
Alveolar simple squamous epithelium
Bronchiolar simple columnar epithelium
Alveolar simple cuboidal epithelium
What do the crura attach?
Diaphragm to inferior internal rib cage
Diaphragm to superior internal rib cage
Diaphragm to superior lumbar vertebrae
Diaphragm to inferior lumbar vertebrae
Diaphragm to lungs
At what level is the aortic opening?
T8
T9
T10
T11
T12
Central tendon of the diaphragm is the insertion of muscle fibres, and adheres to the pleura.
TRUE
FALSE
How far does the diaphragm reach on full expiration?
Sternal angle
2nd intercostal space
4th intercostal space
6th intercostal space
What does the superior epigastric artery supply?
Diaphragm
Epicardium
Pericardium
Pleura
Rectus sheath
What is the articular surface for the costotransverse joint on the ribs?
Head
Neck
Tubercle
Costal angle
Costal groove
Body
At what vertebral level is the costal margin?
L1
L2
L3
L4
L5
What type of joint is first sternocostal joint?
Plane synovial
Symphysis
Synarthrosis
Sychondrosis
Syndesmosis
What is the innervation of muscles and skin of anterior abdominal wall?
2nd - 6th intercostal nerves
7th - 11th intercostal nerves
Subcostal nerve
Phrenic nerve
Where do the intercostal nerves arise from?
Dorsal rami of T2-T11
Dorsal rami of T1-T12
Dorsal rami of T1-T10
Ventral rami of T2-T11
Ventral rami of T1-T12
Ventral rami of T1-T10
What does the subcostal nerve (ventral ramus of T12) innervate?
Upper abdominal wall
Lower abdominal wall
Abdominal organs
Diaphragm
What is the origin of 1st and 2nd posterior intercostal arteries?
Abdominal aorta
Descending thoracic aorta
Internal thoracic artery
Subclavian artery
What is the use of barium swallow?
Visualisation of the oesophagus
Visualisation of the bronchi
Checking the function of the epiglottis
Visualisation of the trachea
At what vertebral level does the abdominal aorta bifurcate?
T4/T5
T12
L4
S1/S2
Which one of these statements about the left recurrent laryngeal nerve is the LEAST accurate?
It is a branch of vagus nerve
Supplies the cricothyroid muscle
Can be found in the superior mediastinum
Supplies the oesophagus and trachea
The azygos vein recieves the blood from hemiazygous, accesory hemiazygous, left ascending lumbar, right posterior intercostal and left posterior intercostal veins.
TRUE
FALSE
Which lymph nodes would you find along the internal thoracic artery?
Bronchopulmonary
Parasternal
Paratracheal
Posterior intercostal
Posterior mediastinal
Tracheobronchial
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