Cardiac Basic Anatomy

What is the primary purpose of the annulus fibrosus in the heart?
Pump blood through the ventricles
Act as an electrical insulator between atria and ventricles
Facilitate blood flow from the left ventricle to the right ventricle
Store oxygenated blood
The LV myocardium is thicker than the RV myocardium primarily because:
It pumps blood at a higher pressure to the entire body
It requires more muscle to push blood into the lungs
It receives more blood supply than the RV
It has a larger volume capacity
On a chest X-ray, which part of the heart is typically closest to the esophagus and descending aorta?
Left atrium
Right atrium
Left ventricle
Right ventricle
Which structure initiates the cardiac conduction system, causing atrial depolarization?
Atrioventricular (AV) node
Purkinje fibers
Bundle of His
Sinoatrial (SA) node
In the cardiac conduction system, which structure transmits the impulse from the atria to the ventricles?
SA node
Left bundle branch
AV node
Purkinje fibers
Which heart chamber has a conical shape and forms the apex of the heart?
Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
Which structure in the heart is primarily responsible for preventing backflow from the ventricles to the atria?
Sinoatrial node
Aortic valve
Annulus fibrosus
Pulmonary artery
Why does the right ventricle (RV) have a thinner myocardium compared to the left ventricle (LV)?
It pumps blood at a lower pressure to the lungs
It has a larger volume of blood to pump
It only receives blood from the aorta
It requires less oxygen than the left ventricle
What is the primary role of Purkinje fibers in the cardiac conduction system?
Initiate depolarization in the atria
Delay the impulse to allow for ventricular filling
Rapidly conduct the impulse through the ventricles
Block electrical impulses from reaching the ventricles
Which chamber of the heart has the thickest myocardium?
Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
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