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Mice, rabbits, herbivorous insects, and squirrels

Predaceous insects, toads, spiders, and foxes

Spiders, foxes, owls, hawks, and snakes

Insectivorous birds, seed-eating birds, owls, and hawks

(2013-Q24) The acacia ant nests and feeds in the plant’s hollow thorns. The ant helps protect the bullshorn acacia by attacking insects and grazing animals that come near the plant. The relationship between the acacia ant and the bullshorn acacia is an example of which of the following?

Commensalism

Neutralism

Parasitism

Mutualism

(2016-Q3) The amount of energy the producers in this energy pyramid provide the primary consumers is 54,000 joules. From this amount, 540 joules are provided to the tertiary consumers. Based on this model, how much of the energy was provided to secondary consumers?

53,460 J

5,400 J

540 J

54 J

(2016-Q43) Which statement best describes the differences in species diversity between an ecosystem beginning the process of primary succession and one beginning the process of secondary succession?

Species diversity is much greater in the ecosystem undergoing primary succession because that ecosystem is experiencing a longer period with a lack of competition for space.

No differences in species diversity exist because both ecosystems initially lack living organisms.

Species diversity is much greater in the ecosystem undergoing primary succession because the lack of soil provides a greater area for organisms to claim niches.

Species diversity is greater in the ecosystem undergoing secondary succession because the soil already contains seeds and spores of various species.

(2014-Q23) In any environment or ecosystem, organisms can have several different types of relationships. Three types of relationships are described below. Which of these correctly describes the relationships between the organisms?

X: mutualism Y: parasitism Z: commensalism

X: commensalism Y: mutualism Z: parasitism

X: parasitism Y: commensalism Z: mutualism

X: commensalism Y: parasitism Z: mutualism

(2013-Q20) Proteins and polysaccharides are polymers. These polymers are formed by dehydration synthesis. Which statement correctly identifies a difference in the structure of proteins and polysaccharides?

Only polysaccharides are comprised of repeating units of cytosine, adenine, guanine, and thymine.

Only proteins are formed from amino acids joined by peptide bonds

Only polysaccharides can be folded and twisted to very specific shapes.

Only proteins can be large molecules with thousands of subunits.

(2016-Q5) The diagram represents one way an enzyme can be inhibited. Which statement explains the effect of an inhibitor on an enzyme?

A substrate will be able to bond with the enzyme.

The enzyme will likely be attacked by immune cells.

The enzyme will be unable to produce more enzymes.

A substrate will be unable to attach to the enzyme.

The enzyme will be unable to produce more enzymes.

A substrate will be unable to attach to the enzyme

(2015-Q46) Some students used information they gathered from lab investigations to prepare a table. They entered the table in their lab notebooks. Which of these correctly identifies the two cells described in the table?

Cell 1 is eukaryotic, and Cell 2 is prokaryotic.

Cell 1 is prokaryotic, and Cell 2 is eukaryotic.

Both Cell 1 and Cell 2 are eukaryotic.

Both Cell 1 and Cell 2 are prokaryotic.

(2013-Q29) Which cellular process takes place in the ribosomes that are bound to the endoplasmic reticulum?

The breakdown of waste material

The conversion of radiant energy to glucose

The synthesis of new proteins

The replication of nucleic acids

(2017-Q46) Viruses can be transmitted through air, water, food, insect bites, and direct skin contact. Once a virus gains entry to the body, it invades a host cell in order to —

Deactivate the host cell’s defenses

Synthesize antibodies for defense

Metabolize host proteins and grow

Access cellular processes for replication

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