Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Four major groups of biomolecules

Have the widest array of functions

Form long insoluble fibers, giving strength and support to tissues

Fibrous protein in connective tissue

Transport small organic molecules and ions across cell membranes

Protein that regulates blood glucose level

Transports oxygen from the lungs to tissues

Proteins that catalyze and regulate all aspects of cellular function

Are biomolecules that contain many amide bonds, formed by joing amino acids together

Proteins comes from the greek word? Which means?

Proteins is approximately how many percent in our body?

Gives support and structure to tissues and cells.

Regulate the body's metabolism

Carry substances through the blood

Store elements and ions in organs

Control muscle movements

Defend the body against foreign substances

Stores iron in the liver

Protein that control muscle contractions

Fibrous protein in hair, skin and nails

Protein that stores oxygen in tissues

Protein hormone synthesized in the pancreas

Body stores for use when needed

Is not stored and must be consumed on a daily basis

Recommended daily intake of proteins for adults

Amino acids contain how many functional groups? What are these?

Bonded to an alpa carbon

How many amino acids occur naturally in proteins

What are R groups called in amino acids?

Simpliest amino acid

Amino acids with an additional COOH group

Amino acids with additional basic N atom in the side chain

Proton transfer from the acid and base forms a salt called

What does zwitterion contains?

What are the 10 essential amino acids?

10 non essential amino acids?

The body cant produce these amino acids

These are low in Lysine

These are low in methionine

Except glycine, does all other amino acids have chiralty center?

Carbon bonded to four different groups

Used to designate the arrangement of groups on the chiralty center of amino acids

Have -NH3+ group on the left side in the Fischer Projection

Have -NH3+ group on the right side in the Fischer Projection

Naturally occuring amino acids

Occur infrequently in nature

What is the net charge of zwitterion?

Exists in different forms , depending on the pH of the aqueous sol'n in which it dissolved

Carboxyl groups having negative net charge

Amino group that bears a net positive charge

Strong acid is added to lower the pH to 2 or less

Strong base is added to A to raise the pH to 10 or higher

PH at which the amino acid exists primarily in its neutral form is called and abbreviated by?

Isoelectric points of a neutral amino acids

When amino acids are joined together by amide bonds, they form larger molecules called?

Has two amino acids joined together by one amide bond?

Joined together by 2 amide bond and has three amino acids

Both have many amino acids joined together in long linear chains

Reserved for polymers of more than 40 amino acids

Amide bonds in peptides and proteins

Individual amino acids are called?