ENVS final

what is the total amount of high quality energy available after energy needed to make it available is subtracted

net energy

total energy

useful energy

entropy

in order to get high quality energy you must use high quality energy. This rule is the result of which of the following?

the law of diminishing returns

the universal law of energy

the first law of thermodynamics

the second law of thermodynamics

currently oil has a high net energy ratio because

is found in small deposits

is found in stable countries

comes from cheap to extract oil deposits

comes from inaccessible places

the second law of thermodynamics states that

low quality energy becomes static

the amount of energy in the universe is constantly changing

some high quality energy is always degraded

high quality energy does not degrade

if natural gas prices remain affordable, increased production would

make nuclear plants more affordable

reduce the use of coal burning plants

accelerate the use of solar

accelerate the use of wind

which of the following is true of natural gas

it is easy to transport

it has a high net energy ratio

it emits less carbon dioxide

it is pumped into pressurized tanks at deep sea oil rigs

which of the following countries has the largest proven reserves of coal

russia

china

USA

Australia

In the USA, coal burning power plants produce what percentage of the electricity

215

37%

19%

The slowest growing form of commercial energy is

nuclear

coal

natural gas

solar

what percentage of commercial energy used in the USA is wasted unnecessarily

11%

23%

33%

43%

the best way to reduce our unnecessary waste of energy is to improve

solar cells

hydroelectric

coal mining techniques

energy efficiency

Switching the USA to a smart gride would save the economy what amount per year the next 20 years?

1 trillion

800 billion

500 billion

100 billion

Which of the following is least likely to waste large amounts of energy and money when used

your mom

internal combustion engines

nuclear power plants

mass transit

rapidly changing climate is least likely to affect

where food is grown

how much food can be grown

the frequency and severity of droughts/flooding

what kinds of economies will exist

by 2050, what population of the world's population will live in urban areas

one fourth

one third

two thirds

three quarters

in 2012, there were _____ megacities with more than 10 million people

in less developed countries, poverty is way of life for how many people currently

500 million

4 billion

2 billion

1 billion

what percentage of energy in the USA is renewable

10%

15%

20%

what percent of co2 emissions is due to burning oil?

20%

33%

43%

52%

what percent does the USA import of its oil?

27%

52%

64%

33%

what percentage of the world's electricity is produced through coal?

42%

57%

33%

64%

what percentage of the population does it take to start a major social movement

30%

25%

10%