GRAMMAR

A language has a regional variety called a dialect, which is distinct from other regional varieties with regard to its vocabulary features, grammar, and pronunciation. This means that not all languages may be classified as dialects, but all dialects are considered as languages.

It is only when a language possesses a system of rules (grammar), a sound system (phonology), and a vocabulary (lexicon) that it could be regarded as language.

According to Harvey Daniels in 1985, there are five basic styles in language use, which are intimate, casual, consultative, formal, and frozen. Such styles serve as proof that we have the ability to adjust our language forms to varying social contexts.

Children learn their native languages swiftly, efficiently, and largely without instruction, as the human brain is prewired for language, and hence, it is a species-specific trait of human beings

According to M. A. K. Haliday, language generally has seven functions. Two of these functions are instrumental and personal. Personal function is when language is used to communicate preferences, choices, or needs, while instrumental function is when language is employed to express one’s individuality

Other language functions introduced by Haliday are heuristic and imaginative. Differentiating the two, the heuristic function is demonstrated when language is used to find things out, wonder, or hypothesize, whereas the imaginative function is manifested by utilizing language in order to create, explore, and entertain.

One of the parameters in language research is research design that deals with the handling of factors like scope, variables, form, and writer’s point of view. These, in effect, are influenced by approaches and objectives.

A priori knowledge is the type of knowledge that is the result of empirical study, which goes through the process of observation and experiment.

In language research, the methodology should be independent of the researcher’s philosophy, motivation for conducting the research, and the conditions under which the research is implemented.

The first step in the preparatory stage of language research is to decide an appropriate methodology, where there is a need to focus a research problem and formulate the general and specific questions.

This study will examine the extent by which instructors in a teacher education institution employ the English language as a medium of instruction in teaching major courses.

Instructors involved in this study are those who teach major courses for the first semester of the AY 2023-2024. They should have at least five years of teaching experience in a TEI whose MOI is English language.

By conducting classroom observations on cases when and how the selected instructors utilize the English language as MOI and analyzing data through content analysis of field notes, the researcher hopes to address the research questions.

The student researcher is interested to examine how the 21st century language skills are translated into actual practice in the language classroom of public schools in DepEd, so she coordinates with authorities in the said agency to verify her res prob.

Due to his amazement with the way his young nephew demonstrate the ability to learn different languages at fast rates, he conducted an exploratory research involving his nephew as the main participant, and hence the primary source of his data.

The study follows a structure where the research questions are sequentially addressed and the succeeding research questions explain the previous ones. Such a structure will ensure that the RQs display interconnectedness.

Using the sociogram technique, the qualitative researcher will invite participants who are related to each other and form part of a networked community. This way, the researcher involves participants who belong to close relationships.

To address the research questions, the research will adopt instruments from a variety of completed studies, which have already performed validation processes. Such a decision ensures that the instruments are intended to gather appropriate data to address the research questions.

Since the collected data includes interview transcripts, the researcher decided to conduct a six-step thematic technique so she could create sensible themes that would capture the experiences and narratives of the participants.

This study will be conducted to develop a framework that would promote the use of modern electronic tools in teaching the target language in a poor, multilingual school. To attain this, the researcher will carry out profiling of the school’s resources and identifying gaps.