Mike's final

PPV decreases mesenteric blood flow and may contribute to gastric mucosal ischemia. The last change contributes to which of the following?
Liver metastes
Tracheomalasia
Gastric ulcers
Increased portal blood flow
Assesment of a mechanically ventilated patient reveals accessory muscles and a rr of twenty six. The mode is cpap with five and an fio2 of forty percent. What should you do?
Return the patient to full ventilatory support
Add pressure support to cpap
Increase cpap to 8
Deflate the cuff to the et tube
Preservation of spontaneous breathing during mechanical ventilation favors the distribution of gas where?
Peribronchial area
Upper airway
Lung periphery
Central airways
Lung injury by opening and closing of alveoli is called?
Atelectrauma
Biotrauma
Barotrauma
Volutrauma
Which of the following is not a side effect of o2?
Oxygen toxicity
Absorption atelectasis
Subq emphysema
Depression of ventilation
Acidosis can result in?
Hypokalemia
Hyperkalemia
When should iatrogenic hyperventilation be considered?
Acute neurologic deterioration with increased intracranial pressure
Acute head injuries with increased intracranial pressure
Severe tbi
Initial treatment for increased icp
A bacterial infection would be suspicious if a patient had an increase in?
Neutrophils
Basophils
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Which respiratory diseases should be suspected if a patient had elevated eosinophil count?
Pneumonia
Asthma
Chf
Epiglottitis
Why would a heart rate in excess of 180 result in a decrease in CO?
Diastolic time becomes shorter
Sinoatrial conduction slows down high heart rate
Blood volume in ventricles is normal but ejection fraction decreases
Systolic time becomes too short to allow adequate ventricular filling
Normal stroke volume is what?
50 ml
60 ml
70 ml
80 ml
Atrial kick is what percent of CO?
10-30
30-60
60-80
80-100
Mitral valve does what?
Prevents atrial backflow during ventricle contraction
Seperates the right atrium and left atrium
Seperates left and right atrium
Seperates right ventricle and pulm artery
What is the ability of mycoardial tissue to propagate electrical impulses?
Automaticity
Conductivity
Contractility
Excitibility
What is the primary pacemaker in the heart?
Av node
Bundle branches
Sa node
Perkinje fibers
The QRS complex on ekg represents?
Atrial depolarization
Ventricle polarization
Myocardial ischemia
Ventricle repolarization
What is represented by the p wave of ECG tracing?
Depolarization of atria
Repolarization of atria
Repolarization of ventricles
Depolarization of ventricles
A patient who has atrial fibrilation is at risk for which of the following?
Copd
Pneumothorax
Pleural effuision
Pulmonary embolism
A normal pr interval is?
Less than .2 seconds
Greater than .2
Less than .12 seconds
Greater than .12 seconds
What are the squiggly lines between qrs intervals indicative of?
Normal
Brady
Multiple pvc
Afib
All of the following would increase ventilatory demand except?
Severe hypoxemia
Pulmonary infarction
Increased compliance
Bronchospasm
An alert patient has been receiving simv at the rate of 8/min and vt of 600 ml. Stable vital signs and good abg at 45 percent o2. What would you do?
Increase pressure sensitivity
Decrease mandatory rate to 6
Increase fio2 to 60
Decrease vt to 500
An alert patient is receiving vent suport with vc-simv has increase wob you try decreasing the mandatory rate to 6. In order to aid in the weaning process what would you do?
Apply low level of ps
Apply high level of inspiratory pressure
Increase mandatory vt
Decrease mandatory vt
What does plat need to be in order to avoid VILI?
Less than 20
Less than 30
Less than 40
Less than 50
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