EU energy governance in ENP

1. The concept of energy diplomacy (as opposed to external energy governance) implies:

a) Convergence with EU rules, under high institutionalization

b) Mutual regulatory approximation, under medium institutionalization

c) Cooperation in strategic projects, with very little or no institutionalization

2. The 2018 agreement for the El Arish-Ashkelon Pipeline establishes:

a) The supply of 64bcm from Egypt to Israel

b) The supply of 64bcm from Israel to Egypt

c) The extension of the gas pipeline until Syria

3. What is NOT correct regarding the gas agreement between Russia and Ukraine in 2009 was:

a) For the first time, Russia and Ukraine had separate agreements for supply and transit

b) It established a 30% discount in natural gas prices

c) It had a 51bcm take-or-pay clause

4) What of the following are NOT rules of the internal energy market?

a) Unbundling

b) Third Party Access

c) 50% of market opening

d) Setting an independent regulator

5) The international regime set in 1994 to foster energy trade and investment is called:

a) Inogate

b) Energy Community Treaty

c) Energy Charter Treaty

6) What of the following countries is NOT a member of the Energy Community?

a) Ukraine

b) Moldova

c) Turkey

Georgia

7) What is NOT true regarding the Energy Community?

a) Its member states commit to implement the rules of the internal energy market

b) Its main decision-making body is the Council of Ministers

c) It has a Court that enforces decisions

8) The route chosen for the EU-sponsored Southern Corridor was:

a) The small Nabucco – a single pipeline from Azerbaijan to Austria

b) Trans-Anatolian Pipeline (TANAP) plus Trans-Adriatic Pipeline (TAP)

c) The Turk-Stream from Russia via the Black Sea

9) When it comes to external pipelines and non-EU companies, the Commission can:

a) Deny access if the non-EU country has the same level of market opening (reciprocity clause)

b) Deny access if the non-EU country is a supplier and does not comply with unbundling

c) Grant an exemption to EU rules if the proposed pipeline reinforces energy security and competition

10) In the Eastern Mediterranean, what export option looks more feasible politically?

a) LNG from Cyprus, Israel and Egypt

b) Israel pipeline to Turkey, to join the Southern Corridor

c) EastMed pipeline, collecting Israel and Cypriot gas to mainland EU