Engines 2
Engines 2: Fuel Injection Mastery Quiz
Test your knowledge and understanding of fuel injection systems and engine mechanics with our comprehensive Engines 2 quiz. With 81 carefully curated questions, this quiz is designed for enthusiasts and professionals alike, providing a deep dive into diesel engines and fuel management systems.
Whether you're preparing for a certification exam or just looking to enhance your skills, this quiz covers essential topics including:
- Fuel injection systems
- Mechanical injector maintenance
- Cylinder block inspections
- Common troubleshooting techniques
Air getting into the fuel system with the engine running could be caused by a:
Loose return line connection
Defective Gasket in the primary filter
Leak at the inlet fitting of the injection pump
Sticking relief valve in the fuel pump
A fuel gauge registers empty regardless of the fuel level in the tank. Grounding the sender produces no movement of the gauge pointer. Which of the following is not a possible cause for this condition?
Broken wire in the sender unit
Pointer in the gauge seized
Blown fuse supplying the gauge
An opening in the wire from the gauge to the sender
What is the purpose of an aneroid valve?
Controls the amount of exhaust gases circulated back into the intake manifold
Controls the amount of fuel injected while accelerating the engine
Limits engine maximum rpm
Controls the amount of inlet air to the turbocharger during high torque demand
When replacing high pressure fuel lines it is important that the lines are constructed to be able to withstand the high fuel pressures and:
Are from the original manufacturer
Have the same wall thickness at the original lines
Are the same length as the original lines
Are made from stainless steel
The port and helix metering system controls the amount of fuel delivered by:
Moving the position of the spill port
Varying the pressure of the fuel supplied to the pumping plungers
Regulating the effective stroke of the pumping plunger
Controlling the length of the pumping stroke
A variable beginning and constant ending helix type plunger is used when:
Constant injection timing is desired through all rpm ranges
More torque is needed during low engine rpm
More fuel is desired during engine rated speed
Advanced injection is desired as rpm increases
One purpose for the delivery valve in the port and helix system is to:
Extend the injection period
Aid in a rapid beginning of injection
Reduce the pressure sent to the injector nozzle
Eliminate residual line pressure
In the port and helix fuel system, how much fuel is the engine getting when the vertical slot is aligned with the spill port
Idle fuel
Full Fuel
High idle fuel
No fuel
What statement is true if a distributor type fuel injection system is being discussed
Timing is determined by the shape of the helix on the pumping elemement
A governor is not required
One pumping unit supplies all the injectors
Amount of fuel delivered depends on pumping element travel
What is done to locate a misfiring cylinder on an engine using a high pressure Bosch Injection pump system?
Run the injector return line into a jar of fuel
Loosen the injector high pressure delivery line
Hold the injector needle valve closed
Hold the injection pump plunger up by rotating the cam
After running a Caterpillar engine with an inline multi-plunger injection pump out of fuel, remove air from the fuel system by:
Priming the filter and then cranking the engine until it starts
Bleeding the filters and main pump body with the hand pump and then crank the engine to bleed up to the injectors
Bleeding the filters, the main pump body, and the high pressure lines using the hand pump
Hand priming the system until clear fuel comes out of the return line
Pintle type nozzles are used primarily on ___________ engines
Pre- combustion chamber
Direction Injection
Large marine diesel
Modern truck diesel
The type of injector that can have different numbers and sizes of spray holes is the ____________ type
Delay nozzle
Multi-orfice
Pintaux
Pintle
What should always be done when replacing mechanical injectors
Clean and lubricate the injectors
Adjust injector actuator control linkage
Adjust injector timing
All of the above
Cummins PT fuel systems use
Sleeve metered high pressure fuel injection
Variable displacement fuel transfer pumps
Variable fuel pressure to the injectors
Constant fuel pressure to the injectors
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On a cumming PT fuel system, the amount of injection advance at any speed is usually dependent upon:
Idle speed adjustment
Maximum fuel pressure setting
Depth of fuel in the injector cup
Size of the fuel return line to the tank
The plunger in the cummins P.T injector remains seated during which two strokes of the engine
Compression and power
Intake and compression
Exhaust and intake
Power and exhaust
After running a cummins engine with a PT fuel system out of fuel remove the air from the system by
Priming the filter and then cranking until it starts
Bleeding the filters and main pump body with the hand pump and then crank the engine to bleed up to the injectors
Bleeding the filters, the main pump body, and the high pressure lines using the hand pump
Hand priming the system until clear fuel comes out the return line
The Detroit Diesel Unit injector fuel injection system
Utilizes a high pressure pump in addition to mechanically operated injectors for each cylinder
Employs a common high pressure pump which distributes the fuel through high pressure lines to the injection nozzles
Utilizes a mechanically operated injector for each cylinder which pressurizes and injects fuel directly into the cylinder
Uses an electronic unit to pressurize the fuel at each nozzle
A misfire in an engine that uses unit injectors can be located by
Opening the injector fuel supply line
Disconnecting the injector rack lever
Opening the injector fuel return line
Holding the injector down
On a 2-stroke Detroit Diesel, checking for the cause of lube oil dilution by diesel fuel involves?
Checking for leakage of the secondary filter
Removing side covers and checking for fuel leakage onto the pistons
Pressure testing the transfer pump and one-way check valve
Plugging the fuel return line and connecting a pressure pump at the secondary filter
After running a Detroit Diesel two-stroke engine out of fuel, remove air from the fuel system by:
Priming the filter and then cranking the engine until it starts
Hand priming the system until clear fuel comes out the return line
Bleeding the filters and main pump body with the hand pump and then cranking the engine to bleed up to the injectors
Bleeding the filters, the main pump body, and the high pressure lines using the hand pump
What would you not clean aluminum engine parts with?
Soap and water
Sodium Hydroxide
Var-sol
Brake cleaner
What could happen if too much material is removed when a cylinder block deck is resurfaced
Misfire caused by a lower compression ratio
Top piston ring damaged by contact with the cylinder ridge
Inability to set the valve clearance correctly
Piston hits the valves when they are open
When inspecting wet cylinder liners, they should be checked for wear, taper, out-of-round, cracks, scoring, cavitation damage and:
Signs of combustion leakage
Glazing
Overall length
Wall thickness
What will happen when a dry liner fits tight in the block but has a small air pocket in one place between the liner and the block?
Collapse and expansion of the air pocket will cause liner caviatation
Liner will develop a hot spot in the location of the air pocket
Liner will expand to fill the air pocket causing an uneven surface
Cylinder Block bore will suffer impact damage
What is used to clean cylinder walls after honing or deglazing?
Denatured Alcohol
Non-petroleum based solvent
Soap and water
Lint-free shop towel
If the cylinder block deck is machined, what else must be done?
Shorter connecting rods installed
Shims added to the crankshaft main journal caps
Re-cut cylinder counter-bore depth
Line boring of the block crankshaft bores
What is used to check liner protrusion after installation
Sled and a dial indicator
Vernier Caliper
Striaghtedge and a feeler gauge
Staggered depth micrometer
An engine block counterbore depth is measured in four places and is found to exceed manufacturer's specifications. What should be done?
Recheck the measurement using a different liner
Cut the block counterbore deeper and add shims
Machine the cylinder block deck and remove shims
Machine the liner flange to fit
Failing to correct insufficient liner protrusion on one cylinder when assembling an engine could result in:
Damage to the head gasket
Piston ring breakage
High oil consumption
The piston hitting the valves
During removal and installation of the piston and rod assemblies, protective sleeves should be placed over the connecting rod bolts or studs to protect the
Rod journals
Connecting rods
Bolt or stud threads
Cylinder walls
With a four-stroke cycle engine that has no idler gears in the timing gear train, when will the camshaft gear timing marks realign
When the crankshaft is turned one revolution
After several revolutions depending on the number of gear teeth
Whenever piston #1 is at TDC
After the crankshaft has been turned two revolutons
Crankshaft to camshaft timing gear backlash is checked in three locations, 120* apart and found to exceed manufacturers specification. What would cause this
Worn camshaft thrust bearings
Timing marks misaligned
Worn gear teeth
A bent crankshaft
A viscous damper will require replacement when:
It gets warmer than the engine
The index marks are not aligned
The engine starts to vibrate
It shows signs of leakage
The main function of crankshaft counterweights is to
Increase the effectiveness of the flywheel
Add inertia to the crankshaft to eliminate torsional vibrations
Offset the mass of the connecting rod journals
Counterbalance the effects of combustion forces
What would cause a crankshaft to crack at a 45* angle through a connecting rod journal oil hole?
Misalignment of the transmisson
A failed vibration damper
One crankshaft main bearing with too much clearance
High combustion pressures
What is the correct procedure for installing a starter ring gear on a flywheel
Heat the gear and the flywheel, press tighter with tooth bevel facing rearward
Heat the gear, cool the flywheel, tooth bevel towards clutch service
Heat the flywheel, cool the gear, tooth bevel towards crankshaft
Cool the flywheel, heat the gear, tooth bevel towards front of engine
How is a crankshaft checked for straightness?
Install a known true flywheel and check its surface for run-out
Set a straightedge across the webs
Plastigage each main journal clearance in four positions
Support it in "V" blocks and check with a dial indicator
If a crankshaft is going to be stored for a long period of time, how should it be kept?
Hanging horizontally with ropes tied to the rod journals
Lying on a bed of rags on a perfectly flat surface
Mounted on "V" blocks at the outer main journals
Secured upright against a vertical support
An important step after the crankshaft has been installed with proper bearing clearances and it can be turned easily by hand is to check
Connecting rod journal run-out
Vibration dampener run-out
Crankshaft end-play
Crankshaft protrusion from the block
What should be done after installing camshaft bushings with a bushing driver
Check oil holes for alignment
File the bushings to proper size
Check journal to bushing clearance with plastigage
Ream the bushings to proper use
What should be done when checking oil clearance at the main bearings with a plastigage before an in-frame overall?
Always torque the main cap bolts over spec
Always torque the main caps under spec
Always torque the main cap bolts to specifications with the old bearings installed
Support the weight of the crankshaft with jacks and torque main cap bolts to spec
When discussing crankshaft bearings, the term "embeddability" is defined as having the ability to:
Transfer heat
Withstand wear
Absorb small particles
Resist Corrosion
The more plastigage is flattened, the
Greater the bearing clearance
Thicker the bearing shell
Less the bearing clearance
Thinner the bearing shell
Metal fretting on the outside diameter of an engine crankshaft bearing shell is usually caused by:
Too much crankshaft bearing clearance
Crankshaft out of alignment
Overloading the engine
Not enough bearing crush
The function of bearing crush it to
Adjust bearing clearance to the crankshaft journal
Prevent bearing shells from falling from their bores during assembly
Secure the connecting rod bearings in their bore
Allow the bearings to conform to the connecting rod journals
A diesel engine develops an engine knock at high idle, what is most likely cause
Faulty front main bearing
Faulty crankshaft thrust bearing
Rod side clearance
Rod bearing clearance
A diesel engine with low compression will show signs of:
Engine not starting
Engine hard starting
White smoke
All of the above
When installing pistons in an engine with wet liners, it is noticed that one piston fits tighter than the others. What would this indicate?
This would indicate an oversized piston installed into a standard liner
Nothing abnormal as all pistons and rings fit differently
This could indicate that a liner O-Ring has rolled up in the groove
This could indicate that the rings are not staggered properly
An operator complains of low power. A compression test shows low compression. And during a cylinder leak test, air is heard escaping through crankcase. What's the problem?
Faulty injector cup
Broken piston rings
Burnt valve
Cracked cylinder liner
When checking keystone ring grooves, groove wear is acceptable if the go-no-gauge:
Touches both sides of the groove at the same time
Can be rotated 360* inside the groove
Shoulder does not touch the piston land
Tip does not contact the bottom of the groove
Piston ring gap should be checked by pushing the ring into the cylinder to the:
Most worn area of the ring's travel
Least worn area of the rings travel
Middle area of the piston smoke
Upper bore area
The functions of piston rings are to seal between the piston and cylinder wall, to control oil and to:
Prevent engine base pressure from getting above the piston
Transport combustion byproducts into the engine oil
Conduct heat away from the piston
Help centre the piston
A dot marked on a piston ring indicates that the ring:
Is positioned with the mark to the thrust side of the piston
Has been brinell tested for hardness
Gap for the ring below is positioned at the mark
Is to be installed with the mark facing up
When measuring a cam- ground tapered piston which location will have the largest diameter (measuring across the piston at each location)
1
2
3
4
What would cause an engine knock in one cylinder that does not move when its injector is swapped with another?
Burnt exhaust valve
Worn wrist pin
Worn valve guides
Faulty injector
An engine noise that decreases as the engine warms up could be caused by:
Too much piston to cylinder wall clearance
A loose connecting rod bearing
Broken piston compression rings
A worn main bearing
Bent connecting rods in a diesel engine may be caused by:
Excessive crankshaft deflection
Excessively worn connecting rod bearing
Water in the cylinders
Detonation
Low cylinder compression could be an indication of:
Excessive exhaust back-pressure
Too much exhaust valve lash
Excessively worn oil control rings
Stuck piston rings
What could be damaged if the cylinder ridge is not removed when disassembling an engine?
Piston ring lands
Piston crown
Connecting rod
Cylinder bore
The greatest amount of engine cylinder wear usually occurs:
Just above the top of the ring travel
Halfway down the cylinder
In the first inch of ring travel from the top of the cylinder
In the first inch of ring travel from the bottom of the cylinder
What is the correct procedure to break in a newly-rebuilt engine?
As per OEM's recommended procedure
Run at 1000 rpm with no load until thermostat opens
Run at idle until it reaches operating temperature then apply load
Operate at full throttle, full load after oil pressure comes up
When a camshaft has three lobes per cylinder, what is the centre lobe used for?
Fuel pump actuation
Exhaust valve actuation
Intake valve actuation
Unit injector actuation
Before starting a valve adjustment on a four cycle diesel engine, what position should the piston be in?
The piston is at TDC on the cylinder being set
Number 1 piston on TDC compression
Piston number 6 on TDC compression
Bar the engine over against the direction of rotation to position #1 at TDC on its compression stroke
When cold setting the valves on a four-stroke, inline, six cylinder engine with a firing order of 1-5-3-6-2-4, the valves on #5 cylinder can be adjusted when
The intake on #2 cylinder is starting to open
The engine has rotated 120* past the 1-6 timing mark
The timing mark is on 5-2
Both valves on #5 cylinder are loose
Camshaft journals should be checked for wear by measuring them with a/an:
Inside micrometer
Dial indicator
Feeler gauge
Outside micrometer
How are worn valve guide inserts serviced
Drilled to accept thin wall liners
Reamed larger for over-size valve stems
Removed and new ones installed
Knurled then honed
What is the proper torque sequence for a cylinder head?
Start with the largest bolts and then torque the smaller head bolts last
Torque head bolts to 50% followed by a final torque to 100% and mark each bolt
Starting from the center, working in a circular pattern toward the outside ends
Use a criss- cross pattern starting from the outer edges, working toward the center
What is a good practice to follow when removing a cylinder head
Drain the coolant while the engine is hot
Drain the coolant before draining the engine oil
Save the manifold and head gaskets if possible
Loosen head bolts in reverse order of the torque sequence
Which engine design or future would require the use of valve crossheads?
Two valves per cylinder
Four valves per cylinder
Four stroke cycle
Two stroke cycle
What is the result of an exhaust valve that is not seating properly?
Excessive black smoke at the exhaust
The valve will overheat
The valve guide will wear rapidly
Poor scavenging of the exhaust gases
A sodium cooled valve
Should not be resurfaced
Requires a wider valve seat
Has less stem to guide clearance
Will carbon up more easily
Which of the following is an example of a valve interference angle?
Valve angle of a 29* and seat angle of 30*
Valve angle of 30* and seat angle of 45*
Valve angle of 45* and seat angle of 30*
Valve angle of 45* and seat angle of 44*
What will be the result of an incorrectly- adjusted valve cross-head guide
Valves open too far
Valve clearance will become incorrect
Rapid valve seat wear
Side loading of the guide stud
Valve float is caused by
Carbons on the valve face
Weak valve springs
Strong valve springs
Running at high idle too long
What would cause low compression readings on a pair of adjacent cylinders
Cracked wet liners
Worn piston rings
Failed liner o-rings
Failed head gasket
What can excessive valve clearance or lash result in?
Late valve opening
Shortened rocker life
Early valve opening
Late valve closing
How is a 30* valve seat recondtitioned?
45* angle followed by a 30* angle and finally a 15* angle
30* angle first, then a 15* and a 60* angle if necessary
30* angle first then a 45* angle, and finally a 15* if necessary
15* angle cut first then a 60* angle and finally a 30* angle
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