Second Midterm Philosophy

Of the three only ___________ are a priori argument for the existence of God.
Ontological arguments
1. A perfect island has all the perfections appropriate to an island(perfect soil, weather, etc). 2. Existence is a perfection.3 Therefore, a perfect island exists.
1. Least compelling for existence of God. 2. Inductive in nature, but most if not all are weak and uncogent.
One whose existence is caused by( or whose existence is explained by) some other thing.
A)For everything that exists, there must be an explanation or a reason why that thing exists and b)for every positive fact, there must be an explanation or a reason why the fact is the case.
True in all possible worlds. A proposition is necessarily true if its negation entails a contradiction.
Example 1:Parents caused my existence, and their parents caused theirs.First cause must have been God. 2. Clarkes version has two stages purport to prove that God has certain features, namely independence or self-existences. Argues that an independent being has other features (benevolence, omniscience,omnipotence.)3. Being-anything which exists.Independent being-one whose existence is caused by (or whose existence is explained by its own nature. Dependent being-one whose existence is caused by ( or whose existence is explained by ) some other thing.
1. God is a being with all perfections. 2.Existence is a perfection.3.Therefore, God exists.
One whose existence is caused by(or whose existence is explained by) its own nature
Descartes ontological argument
Ontological arguments
1. A perfect island has all the perfections appropriate to an island(perfect soil, weather, etc). 2. Existence is a perfection.3 Therefore, a perfect island exists.
1. Least compelling for existence of God. 2. Inductive in nature, but most if not all are weak and uncogent.
One whose existence is caused by( or whose existence is explained by) some other thing.
A)For everything that exists, there must be an explanation or a reason why that thing exists and b)for every positive fact, there must be an explanation or a reason why the fact is the case.
True in all possible worlds. A proposition is necessarily true if its negation entails a contradiction.
Example 1:Parents caused my existence, and their parents caused theirs.First cause must have been God. 2. Clarkes version has two stages purport to prove that God has certain features, namely independence or self-existences. Argues that an independent being has other features (benevolence, omniscience,omnipotence.)3. Being-anything which exists.Independent being-one whose existence is caused by (or whose existence is explained by its own nature. Dependent being-one whose existence is caused by ( or whose existence is explained by ) some other thing.
1. God is a being with all perfections. 2.Existence is a perfection.3.Therefore, God exists.
One whose existence is caused by(or whose existence is explained by) its own nature
Which argument is called a reductio ad absurdum? Remember it doesn't tell us what exactly is wrong with an argument: rather it tells us that there is a structural problem.
Ontological arguments
1. A perfect island has all the perfections appropriate to an island(perfect soil, weather, etc). 2. Existence is a perfection.3 Therefore, a perfect island exists.
1. Least compelling for existence of God. 2. Inductive in nature, but most if not all are weak and uncogent.
One whose existence is caused by( or whose existence is explained by) some other thing.
A)For everything that exists, there must be an explanation or a reason why that thing exists and b)for every positive fact, there must be an explanation or a reason why the fact is the case.
True in all possible worlds. A proposition is necessarily true if its negation entails a contradiction.
Example 1:Parents caused my existence, and their parents caused theirs.First cause must have been God. 2. Clarkes version has two stages purport to prove that God has certain features, namely independence or self-existences. Argues that an independent being has other features (benevolence, omniscience,omnipotence.)3. Being-anything which exists.Independent being-one whose existence is caused by (or whose existence is explained by its own nature. Dependent being-one whose existence is caused by ( or whose existence is explained by ) some other thing.
1. God is a being with all perfections. 2.Existence is a perfection.3.Therefore, God exists.
One whose existence is caused by(or whose existence is explained by) its own nature
Teleological arguments
Ontological arguments
1. A perfect island has all the perfections appropriate to an island(perfect soil, weather, etc). 2. Existence is a perfection.3 Therefore, a perfect island exists.
1. Least compelling for existence of God. 2. Inductive in nature, but most if not all are weak and uncogent.
One whose existence is caused by( or whose existence is explained by) some other thing.
A)For everything that exists, there must be an explanation or a reason why that thing exists and b)for every positive fact, there must be an explanation or a reason why the fact is the case.
True in all possible worlds. A proposition is necessarily true if its negation entails a contradiction.
Example 1:Parents caused my existence, and their parents caused theirs.First cause must have been God. 2. Clarkes version has two stages purport to prove that God has certain features, namely independence or self-existences. Argues that an independent being has other features (benevolence, omniscience,omnipotence.)3. Being-anything which exists.Independent being-one whose existence is caused by (or whose existence is explained by its own nature. Dependent being-one whose existence is caused by ( or whose existence is explained by ) some other thing.
1. God is a being with all perfections. 2.Existence is a perfection.3.Therefore, God exists.
One whose existence is caused by(or whose existence is explained by) its own nature
Cosmological argument
Ontological arguments
1. A perfect island has all the perfections appropriate to an island(perfect soil, weather, etc). 2. Existence is a perfection.3 Therefore, a perfect island exists.
1. Least compelling for existence of God. 2. Inductive in nature, but most if not all are weak and uncogent.
One whose existence is caused by( or whose existence is explained by) some other thing.
A)For everything that exists, there must be an explanation or a reason why that thing exists and b)for every positive fact, there must be an explanation or a reason why the fact is the case.
True in all possible worlds. A proposition is necessarily true if its negation entails a contradiction.
Example 1:Parents caused my existence, and their parents caused theirs.First cause must have been God. 2. Clarkes version has two stages purport to prove that God has certain features, namely independence or self-existences. Argues that an independent being has other features (benevolence, omniscience,omnipotence.)3. Being-anything which exists.Independent being-one whose existence is caused by (or whose existence is explained by its own nature. Dependent being-one whose existence is caused by ( or whose existence is explained by ) some other thing.
1. God is a being with all perfections. 2.Existence is a perfection.3.Therefore, God exists.
One whose existence is caused by(or whose existence is explained by) its own nature
Independent being
Ontological arguments
1. A perfect island has all the perfections appropriate to an island(perfect soil, weather, etc). 2. Existence is a perfection.3 Therefore, a perfect island exists.
1. Least compelling for existence of God. 2. Inductive in nature, but most if not all are weak and uncogent.
One whose existence is caused by( or whose existence is explained by) some other thing.
A)For everything that exists, there must be an explanation or a reason why that thing exists and b)for every positive fact, there must be an explanation or a reason why the fact is the case.
True in all possible worlds. A proposition is necessarily true if its negation entails a contradiction.
Example 1:Parents caused my existence, and their parents caused theirs.First cause must have been God. 2. Clarkes version has two stages purport to prove that God has certain features, namely independence or self-existences. Argues that an independent being has other features (benevolence, omniscience,omnipotence.)3. Being-anything which exists.Independent being-one whose existence is caused by (or whose existence is explained by its own nature. Dependent being-one whose existence is caused by ( or whose existence is explained by ) some other thing.
1. God is a being with all perfections. 2.Existence is a perfection.3.Therefore, God exists.
One whose existence is caused by(or whose existence is explained by) its own nature
Dependent being
Ontological arguments
1. A perfect island has all the perfections appropriate to an island(perfect soil, weather, etc). 2. Existence is a perfection.3 Therefore, a perfect island exists.
1. Least compelling for existence of God. 2. Inductive in nature, but most if not all are weak and uncogent.
One whose existence is caused by( or whose existence is explained by) some other thing.
A)For everything that exists, there must be an explanation or a reason why that thing exists and b)for every positive fact, there must be an explanation or a reason why the fact is the case.
True in all possible worlds. A proposition is necessarily true if its negation entails a contradiction.
Example 1:Parents caused my existence, and their parents caused theirs.First cause must have been God. 2. Clarkes version has two stages purport to prove that God has certain features, namely independence or self-existences. Argues that an independent being has other features (benevolence, omniscience,omnipotence.)3. Being-anything which exists.Independent being-one whose existence is caused by (or whose existence is explained by its own nature. Dependent being-one whose existence is caused by ( or whose existence is explained by ) some other thing.
1. God is a being with all perfections. 2.Existence is a perfection.3.Therefore, God exists.
One whose existence is caused by(or whose existence is explained by) its own nature
Necessary truth
Ontological arguments
1. A perfect island has all the perfections appropriate to an island(perfect soil, weather, etc). 2. Existence is a perfection.3 Therefore, a perfect island exists.
1. Least compelling for existence of God. 2. Inductive in nature, but most if not all are weak and uncogent.
One whose existence is caused by( or whose existence is explained by) some other thing.
A)For everything that exists, there must be an explanation or a reason why that thing exists and b)for every positive fact, there must be an explanation or a reason why the fact is the case.
True in all possible worlds. A proposition is necessarily true if its negation entails a contradiction.
Example 1:Parents caused my existence, and their parents caused theirs.First cause must have been God. 2. Clarkes version has two stages purport to prove that God has certain features, namely independence or self-existences. Argues that an independent being has other features (benevolence, omniscience,omnipotence.)3. Being-anything which exists.Independent being-one whose existence is caused by (or whose existence is explained by its own nature. Dependent being-one whose existence is caused by ( or whose existence is explained by ) some other thing.
1. God is a being with all perfections. 2.Existence is a perfection.3.Therefore, God exists.
One whose existence is caused by(or whose existence is explained by) its own nature
Principle of Sufficient reason or PSR
Ontological arguments
1. A perfect island has all the perfections appropriate to an island(perfect soil, weather, etc). 2. Existence is a perfection.3 Therefore, a perfect island exists.
1. Least compelling for existence of God. 2. Inductive in nature, but most if not all are weak and uncogent.
One whose existence is caused by( or whose existence is explained by) some other thing.
A)For everything that exists, there must be an explanation or a reason why that thing exists and b)for every positive fact, there must be an explanation or a reason why the fact is the case.
True in all possible worlds. A proposition is necessarily true if its negation entails a contradiction.
Example 1:Parents caused my existence, and their parents caused theirs.First cause must have been God. 2. Clarkes version has two stages purport to prove that God has certain features, namely independence or self-existences. Argues that an independent being has other features (benevolence, omniscience,omnipotence.)3. Being-anything which exists.Independent being-one whose existence is caused by (or whose existence is explained by its own nature. Dependent being-one whose existence is caused by ( or whose existence is explained by ) some other thing.
1. God is a being with all perfections. 2.Existence is a perfection.3.Therefore, God exists.
One whose existence is caused by(or whose existence is explained by) its own nature
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