Rules Of Language
What is ejusdem generis?
General words are taken as referring only to those things of the same class.
Mention of one or more things of a particular class may be regarded as silently excluding all other members of class.
Meaning of words can be understood by those surrounding them. Ambigous words can be clarified by the context of the words around them.
Which is Noscitor a sociis?
General words are taken as referring only to those things of the same class.
Mention of one or more things of a particular class may be regarded as silently excluding all other members of class.
Meaning of words can be understood by those surrounding them. Ambigous words can be clarified by the context of the words around them.
What is expressio?
General words are taken as referring only to those things of the same class.
Mention of one or more things of a particular class may be regarded as silently excluding all other members of class.
Meaning of words can be understood by those surrounding them. Ambigous words can be clarified by the context of the words around them.
What cases show the ejusdem generis rule?
Wood V Metropolitan Police Commission
R V Harris
Inland Revenue Commissioners V Frere
Tempest V Kilner
Pengelly V Bell Punch Co Ltd
Re Stockport
What cases show the expressio rule?
Wood V Metropolitan Police Commissioner
Re Stockport
R V Harris
Tempest V Kilner
Inland Revenue Commissioners V Frere
Powell V Kempton Park Racecourse
What cases show the noscitor a sociis rule?
Tempest V Kilner
Inland Revenue Commissioners V Frere
R V Harris
Powell V Kempton Park Racecourse
Pengelly V Bell Punch Co Ltd
Re Stockport
What happened in the Tempest V Kilner case?
Respondent sought to deduct interest on short term loan from his income for purpose of assessing liability to pay tax. Income Tax Act 1952, 'the amount of interest annuties or other annual interest' to be deducted from income is allowed. 'interest' was interpreted as annual interest.
Court had to decide if a floor used for storage came under the Factories Act 1961. Whereby 'floors, steps, stairs, passageways, gangways' had to be free from obstruction. Court held the words were for passageways so the floor used exclusively for storage was not within the Act.
'gun, pistol, bludgeon, cutlass or other offensive weapon' did not include a piece of glass.
'stab, cut or wound' did not include biting
'cathedral, collegiate, chapter and other schools' meant church schools.
'goods, ware, merchandise' did not include stocks and shares
What happened in the R V Harris case?
Respondent sought to deduct interest on short term loan from his income for purpose of assessing liability to pay tax. Income Tax Act 1952, 'the amount of interest annuties or other annual interest' to be deducted from income is allowed. 'interest' was interpreted as annual interest.
Court had to decide if a floor used for storage came under the Factories Act 1961. Whereby 'floors, steps, stairs, passageways, gangways' had to be free from obstruction. Court held the words were for passageways so the floor used exclusively for storage was not within the Act.
'gun, pistol, bludgeon, cutlass or other offensive weapon' did not include a piece of glass.
'stab, cut or wound' did not include biting
'cathedral, collegiate, chapter and other schools' meant church schools.
'goods, ware, merchandise' did not include stocks and shares
What happened in the Re Stockport case?
Respondent sought to deduct interest on short term loan from his income for purpose of assessing liability to pay tax. Income Tax Act 1952, 'the amount of interest annuties or other annual interest' to be deducted from income is allowed. 'interest' was interpreted as annual interest.
Court had to decide if a floor used for storage came under the Factories Act 1961. Whereby 'floors, steps, stairs, passageways, gangways' had to be free from obstruction. Court held the words were for passageways so the floor used exclusively for storage was not within the Act.
'gun, pistol, bludgeon, cutlass or other offensive weapon' did not include a piece of glass.
'stab, cut or wound' did not include biting
'cathedral, collegiate, chapter and other schools' meant church schools.
'goods, ware, merchandise' did not include stocks and shares
What happened in the Wood V Metropolitan Police Commissioner case?
Respondent sought to deduct interest on short term loan from his income for purpose of assessing liability to pay tax. Income Tax Act 1952, 'the amount of interest annuties or other annual interest' to be deducted from income is allowed. 'interest' was interpreted as annual interest.
Court had to decide if a floor used for storage came under the Factories Act 1961. Whereby 'floors, steps, stairs, passageways, gangways' had to be free from obstruction. Court held the words were for passageways so the floor used exclusively for storage was not within the Act.
'gun, pistol, bludgeon, cutlass or other offensive weapon' did not include a piece of glass.
'stab, cut or wound' did not include biting
'cathedral, collegiate, chapter and other schools' meant church schools.
'goods, ware, merchandise' did not include stocks and shares
What happened in the Inland Revenue Commissioners case?
Respondent sought to deduct interest on short term loan from his income for purpose of assessing liability to pay tax. Income Tax Act 1952, 'the amount of interest annuties or other annual interest' to be deducted from income is allowed. 'interest' was interpreted as annual interest.
Court had to decide if a floor used for storage came under the Factories Act 1961. Whereby 'floors, steps, stairs, passageways, gangways' had to be free from obstruction. Court held the words were for passageways so the floor used exclusively for storage was not within the Act.
'gun, pistol, bludgeon, cutlass or other offensive weapon' did not include a piece of glass.
'stab, cut or wound' did not include biting
'cathedral, collegiate, chapter and other schools' meant church schools.
'goods, ware, merchandise' did not include stocks and shares
What happened in the Pengelly V Bell Punch Co Ltd case?
Respondent sought to deduct interest on short term loan from his income for purpose of assessing liability to pay tax. Income Tax Act 1952, 'the amount of interest annuties or other annual interest' to be deducted from income is allowed. 'interest' was interpreted as annual interest.
Court had to decide if a floor used for storage came under the Factories Act 1961. Whereby 'floors, steps, stairs, passageways, gangways' had to be free from obstruction. Court held the words were for passageways so the floor used exclusively for storage was not within the Act.
'gun, pistol, bludgeon, cutlass or other offensive weapon' did not include a piece of glass.
'stab, cut or wound' did not include biting
'cathedral, collegiate, chapter and other schools' meant church schools.
'goods, ware, merchandise' did not include stocks and shares
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