Cell Communications

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a hormone?

Released by specialized cells

Act as second messengers

Dispersed via the bloodstream

Can pass through all membranes

Why can steroid hormones last for a long time in the bloodstream?

They have strong bonds with carrier proteins

Steroid hormones degrade more slowly than non steroid hormones

The body is slower to metabolize steroid hormones

Steroid hormones are lipids

In cell signaling, how is the flow of specific ions regulated?

Opening and closing of ligand-gated ion channels

Transduction

Endocytosis

Cytoskeleton rearrangement

The binding between a signal molecule and a receptor is called a:

Kinase

Ligand

Receptor

Protein channel

Synaptic signaling involves which of the following:

Endocrine signals

Paracrine signals

Neurotransmitters

Autocrine signals

In the cAMP pathway, the G protein stimulates:

Phospholipase C

Adenylyl cyclase

The Endoplasmic Reticulum

Calmodulin

In most cases, protein kinases do which of the following:

Hydrolyze proteins

Polymerize amino acids

Stimulate adenylyl cyclase

Add phosphate groups to proteins

Which of the following are not involved in enzyme activation?

A-kinase

P nucleic acid

CAMP

G protein

________ is a common second messenger:

CAMP

CGTP

CRNA

CATP

Hormones are relatively long lived signals that travel throughout the body. This type of signaling is called:

Paracrine signaling

Autocrine signaling

Endocrine signaling

Direct contact

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