DS698 Ethics
DS698 Ethics Quiz
Welcome to the DS698 Ethics Quiz! This quiz is designed to test your knowledge and understanding of ethical principles, particularly in the context of research and data science. Whether you're a student, a researcher, or just interested in the topic, this quiz will challenge your awareness of ethical standards in scientific inquiry.
What you can expect:
- Multiple choice questions
- Coverage of diverse ethical principles
- Insights into data ethics and research integrity
_____ is a set of rules for determining moral standards or socially acceptable behavior.
Protocol
Standard
Ethics
None of the given
To which ethical principle does the following definition belong to: “Researchers and research must contribute to the well-being of society”
Integrity
Beneficence
Duty to society
Professional competence
In order to avoid scientific misconduct after finishing a research paper what should be the appropriate next action taken
Submitting the paper for a peer review.
Releasing the findings in a press conference.
All of the below are aspects to ensure accuracy of scientific knowledge except
Ensure valid methodology
Report Errors
Protecting vulnerable groups.
Avoiding conflict of interest.
Ethical review committee (Institutional Review Boards) Convened to:
Maintain ethical standards of practice in research
Ensure protection of research workers from exploitation
To provide reassurance to the public
All of the above
Choose write answer characteristics of open data
Availability and Access
Re-use and Redistribution
Universal Participation
None of the above
(A – B - C)
Public or societal good’ has many aspects and could include:
employment
education
Environment
All the above
Which of the following is a relevant theme within data ethics:
Seek to enhance the value of data science for society
Avoid harm
Apply and maintain professional competence
Seek to preserve or increase trustworthiness
Maintain accountability and oversight
All the above
Following best practice for data analysis:
Using appropriate statistical and algorithmic methods
Using data that is not ethically sourced
Evaluating the energy-cost of storing
Embedding ethical risk management into work by
Don't review the models/algorithms.
Using ethical assessment checkpoints
Being honest and objective in communications
Which of the following examples is way to minimize and manage harm in data science work
Using data that is ‘ethically sourced
Linking in privacy and ethics into work
Embedding ethical risk management into work
All the above
Virtue Ethics is Based on
Moral Character
Actions
Divine command
Utility
The golden mean is a defining characteristic of ____ ethical framework
Deontological
Virtue Ethics
utilitarian
relativism
A framework that is rooted in Greco-Roman, Buddhist and eastern philosophy and intersects with religious ethical frameworks
Deontological
Virtue Ethics
Utilitarian
Relativism
Modern philosopher who based their work on classic virtue ethics
John Stuart Mill
Immanuel Kant
Jeremy Bentham
Nietzsche
A framework that judges the actions based on their outcomes and centers itself around the greater good
Deontological
Virtue Ethics
utilitarian
relativism
A framework that is principle based and claims the rules/principles are what tell us our moral obligations
Deontological
Virtue Ethics
utilitarian
relativism
____ ethics are rule or principle-based systems of ethics, in which one or more rules/principles are claimed to tell us what our moral obligations are in life.
Deontological
Virtue Ethics
utilitarian
relativism
choose the Ethical Principles for Scientific Research
Duty to society
Non exploitation
Professional competence
All the Above
Researchers should minimize attempts to reduce the benefits of research on specific groups and to deny benefits from other groups, is a definition for
Nondiscrimination
Integrity
Nonexploitation
Beneficence
According to The Declaration of Helsinki, who is responsible to protect the life, health, dignity, integrity, right to self-determination, privacy, and confidentiality of personal information of research subjects?
Research Participant
Physician
Psychologists
Funder of the Research
What financial gain affects in Researches ?
The design of an investigation.
the interpretation of data.
The presentation of the results
Researcher’s Reputation
Al of the above
What is considered as characteristic for Informed Consent?
must use language the researcher
must be given by force to the research participant
Can’t be revoked by the research participant at any time
may only be asked of and given by adults who are capable of making an informed consent
None Of the above
What is the cause of the international differences in ethics
Local customs Only
Culture Only
Local customs, culture, laws, and practices
The Declaration of Helsinki advocates to
How to write a paper
Universal view of ethics
New machine learning model
Which are the two major professional societies that enhanced codes of ethics to address new concerns associated with AI?
IEEE & ACM
EAI & INCOSE
IFR & ISA
Designers of search engines, online advertising platforms, and related tools want the content they deliver to you to be the most relevant to you. The above ethically significant benefit is example for:
Predictive accuracy and personalization.
Social, institutional and economic efficiency
Human understanding
The choices have been made by persons who meant no harm, but caused great harm by acting with recklessness, negligence, bias, or blameworthy ignorance of relevant facts considered as
Ethically Significant Harm.
Significant Harm.
Not ethically significant harm
Data practices can diminish social transparency because of:
The sheer volume and complexity of the data and the algorithmic techniques of big data practices.
It is used to tailor actions to be to achieve beneficial outcomes for individuals
A and B
None of the above
Transparency is:
The act of being responsible for one’s actions and having the ability to provide sound reasoning for actions
is the ability to see how a given social system or institution works and to be able to inquire about the basis of life –affecting decisions made within that system or institution
defining roles of each member in an institution and what value they can bring
None of the above
Universal view of ethics meets the realities of local attitudes and practices, where cultures difference on topics
True
False
A Placebo is way of fake treatment in medical research
True
False
CBD (convention on biological diversity) is an international agreement was developed to balance interests in sustainable development, conservation and avoidance of species extinction, and fair and equitable sharing of benefits from genetic materials
True
False
The Precautionary Principle Doesn’t call for a risk averse approach to decision making on public health and environmental concerns, specifically calling for action if harm is anticipated but scientific uncertainty is significant
True
False
The ethical statistician doesn’t report the limitations of statistical inference and possible sources of error.
True
False
The ethical Statistician acknowledges statistical and substantive assumptions made in the execution and interpretation of any analysis.
True
False
The ethical statistician acknowledges data editing procedures, including any imputation, and missing data mechanisms.
True
False
The ethical statistician doesn’t correct any errors discovered while producing the final report or after publication.
True
False
If researchers were close to the deadline for presenting their results, they can start collecting information from participants before formal approval by the ethics review committee:
True
False
Submitting the same research paper to multiple journals to speed up the publication process. Does that action constitute a scientific misconduct
True
False
Trimming outlier data points without discerning a reason. Does that action constitute a scientific misconduct
True
False
In conducting surveys for a Research, it’s a good idea to announce a money prize.
True
False
In a research paper We can hold out some results if the research is not final yet.
True
False
Bystander Risk Concerns about people who participate in research more than those who were not the research participants and who did not consent to participate
True
False
Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) failed to protect genetic research participants against the use of such information for other uses
True
False
The potential for secondhand exposure to a contagious disease from someone who did consent to participate in research is an example for Bystander Risk.
True
False
Open science is a framework that refers to exposure and disclosure of key aspects of research to facilitate both access to the results and understanding of how those results were achieved.
True
False
Citizen science doesn’t provides opportunities for the community to participate in science.
True
False
Open access covers all types of peer-reviewed publications, both journal articles and books
True
False
For the individual data scientist, the translation from very general ethical principles from common morality, law or religion, to an ethical issue at work is easy.
True
False
In case of conflicts of interests an ethical guideline under the maintainership of some professional society may offer an arbitration process between different interests.
True
False
For data scientists as members of society, for their clients, employers and colleagues, written rules of conduct for data science services can help to establish a relationship of trust.
True
False
Everyone would agree that data scientists need more guidance on how to make moral decisions in their professional life.
True
False
That responsibility for the consequences grows with the knowledge and the potential one has to think about consequences.
True
False
Data science has the potential to be both beneficial and detrimental to individuals and the wider public.
True
False
Using data that is ‘not ethically sourced’ is way to minimize and manage harm in data science work.
True
False
Seek to enhance the value of data science for society is one of the relevant themes within data ethics
True
False
Deontological Ethics as an Ethical framework based on the principles of rationality and autonomy was established by Immanuel Kant
True
False
Deontological Ethics is not concerned with human values what-so-ever.
True
False
Consequentialism focuses on the character, whilst Virtue focuses on consequences of one's actions
True
False
Pregnant women, human fetuses, and neonates; children; and prisoners are considered vulnerable groups
True
False
The principles of Integrity entail avoiding plagiarism and fal- sification of data and results and striving to remove bias from research methods and analysis.
True
False
Studies have shown that scientific studies that produced results that were sta- tistically significant (i.e., rejected a hypothesis or otherwise did not result in the null hypothesis) or that produced positive results were less like to be published than studies that reported the null hypothesis
True
False
Harms to privacy & security are one of the ethically significant harms of data practices.
True
False
Harms to fairness and justice is one of the ethically significant harms of data.
True
False
Human understanding is one of ethically significant benefits of data practices.
True
False
Predictive accuracy and personalization are one of ethically significant benefits of data practices.
True
False
The primary premise of duty to society is that research must not be undertaken if it produces no benefit to society.
True
False
Researchers should not have the welfare of the research participant in mind as a goal and strive for the benefits of the research to outweigh the risks.
True
False
Researchers should minimize financial and other influences on their research and on research participants.
True
False
All research participants should agree to participate in research with financial gain.
True
False
Researchers should demonstrate honesty and truthfulness in their researches.
True
False
Non Exploitation means that researchers should not exploit or take unfair advantage of research participants .
True
False
Trustworthiness can be built and maintained if organizations using data science engage regularly with practitioners.
True
False
Engagement between Data Scientists and stakeholders doesn’t help understanding potential sources of bias and risk of data.
True
False
Considering simpler models and documenting the performance of different models tested improve transparency.
True
False
AI practitioners should note that delegating any decisions to systems removes any of their individual responsibilities.
True
False
Accountability in data ethics includes that AI practitioners should be mindful of how and when to delegate any decision-making to systems.
True
False
Having transparent processes for accountability so that stakeholders have a clear route to any redress is a way of implementing the Governance and accountability structures in data ethics.
True
False
We can define a harm or a benefit as ‘ethically significant’ when it has a substantial possibility of making a difference to certain individuals’ chances of having a good life
True
False
You can ensure that your privacy is safe if your data is a part in anonymized datasets.
True
False
People living "Off the digital grid" cannot prevent private data about themselves from being generated and shared by their friends or family.
True
False
Individuals privacy and security can be harmed due to the Poor design and hidden biases in data practices.
True
False
Biases are usually explicit in the datasets and is easy to see.
True
False
Individuals should have the right to inquire about the basis of life affecting decisions made with a social system.
True
False
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