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Geriatric Dentistry

1. Another term refers to Geriatric Dentistry:

Pediatrics

Pharmacology

Geriodontics

Geriatric Medicine

2. Geriatric dentistry is the delivery of dental care to:

older adults involving aging conditions or diseases

conditions or diseases associated with aging

diagnosis, prevention, and treatment

all the answers in this question

3. On average, people above the age of ………. Years are grouped as old people:

50 to 55

55 to 60

60 to 65

65 or over

4. What are dental caries treatments:

Filling & RCT

RCT, Crowns & Dentures

Implants

All of them

5. Old person is expected to suffer from at least one of more chronic medical conditions such as:

Diabetes

Typhoid fever

Flu

Diarrhea

6. Old person is expected to suffer from at least one of more chronic medical conditions such as:

Typhoid fever

Flu

Diarrhea

Hypertension

7. Health definition:

Health is a state of complete physical and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease.

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

8. What is Oral Health?:

Oral Health is the standard of oral and related tissue health that enables individuals to eat, speak, and socialize without discomfort, or embarrassment, and that contributes to general wellbeing.

Oral Health is the standard of oral and related tissue health that enables individuals to eat, speak, and socialize without active disease, or embarrassment, and that contributes to general wellbeing.

Oral Health is the standard of oral and related tissue health that enables individuals to eat, speak, and socialize without active disease or discomfort that contributes to general wellbeing.

Oral Health is the standard of oral and related tissue health that enables individuals to eat, speak, and socialize without active disease, discomfort, or embarrassment, and that contributes to general wellbeing

9. What is Quality of Life:

QoL is his/her position in life in the context of culture and value systems in which he/she lives, and in relation to his/her goals, expectations, standards, and concerns.

QoL is the individual’s perceptions of his/her position in life in which he/she lives, and in relation to his/her goals, expectations, standards, and concerns.

QoL is the individual’s perceptions of his/her position in life in the context of culture and value systems in which he/she lives, and in relation to his/her goals.

QoL is the individual’s perceptions of his/her position in life in the context of culture and value systems in which he/she lives, and in relation to his/her goals, expectations, standards, and concerns

10. A formula in Oral Health related Quality of Life = [P + S + (P × S)]:

11. Aging refers to:

irreversible and inevitable changes occurs with time in an old individual

reversible and inevitable changes occurs with time in an old individual.

reversible and evitable changes occurs with time in an old individual.

irreversible and inevitable changes occurs with chance in an old individual.

12. Cranial and spinal nerves of the old have:

Cranial 10 pairs and spinal 30 pairs

Cranial 11 pairs and spinal 31 pairs

Cranial 12 pairs and spinal 31 pairs

Cranial 13 pairs and spinal 30 pairs

13. Spinal nerves of the old have:

8 cervical, 11 thoracic, 6 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1 coccygeal

7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 6 sacral, and 1 coccygeal

8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1 coccygeal

7 cervical, 11 thoracic, 6 lumbar, 6 sacral, and 1 coccygeal

14. Change in nervous system in elderly:

Nerve cells may begin to pass messages as normal

Nerve cells may begin to pass messages faster

Brain and spinal cord gain nerve cells and weight

Slowing of thought, memory, and thinking

15. Change in nervous system in older people:

The brain and spinal cord start hypertrophy

The brain and spinal cord start atrophy

The brain and spinal cord start hyperplasia

The brain and spinal cord start dysplasia

16. As getting age, waste products can collect in the brain tissue and can become:

atrophy

Hypoplasia

plaques and tangles

tangles and thrombus formation

17. Lipofuscin is:

a yellow to brown, granular, iron-negative lipid pigment found particularly in the heart, liver, and nerve cells

a yellow to brown, granular, iron-positive lipid pigment found particularly in the heart, liver, and nerve cells

a yellow to brown, granular, iron-negative lipid pigment found particularly in muscle, heart, liver, and nerve cells

a yellow to brown, granular, iron-positive lipid pigment found particularly in the heart, liver, and nerve cells

18. Lipofuscin is stemmed from:

the product of cellular wear, accumulating in cytoplasm with age

the product of cellular tear, accumulating in cell membrane with age

the product of cellular wear and tear, accumulating in cell nucleus with age

the product of cellular wear and tear, accumulating in lysosomes with age

19. As getting age, breakdown of nerves can affect the senses and might have reduced or lost:

reflexes, sensation, movement

reflexes, sensation, safety

reflexes, sensation, thinking and behavior

reflexes or sensation and this leads to problems with movement and safety

20. Alzheimer disease is:

a type of dementia that causes problems with walking, thinking and behaviour

a type of dementia that causes problems with speaking, thinking and behaviour

a type of dementia that causes problems with sleeping, thinking and behaviour

a type of dementia that causes problems with memory, thinking and behaviour

21. Delirium is:

an infection can cause an older person to become severely difficult

an infection can cause an older person to become severely uncomfortable

an infection can cause an older person to become severely weakened

sudden confusion that leads to changes in thinking and behaviour in elderly

22. When getting age, rising and falling blood sugar levels can interfere with:

Sensation

movement

behavior

thought

23. Change in urinary system in elderly:

number and size of nephrons decrease and narrowed arteries

Inability to concentrate or dilute urine and to excrete acid

Dehydration

All of them

24. The bladder becomes less flexible means:

it becomes more difficult to squeeze to get rid of all the urine

it becomes easier to squeeze to get rid of all the urine

it can hold less urine & it becomes more difficult to squeeze to get rid of all the urine

it can hold less urine & it becomes easier to squeeze to get rid of all the urine

25. What is urethral sphincter:

muscular ring that controls the passage of urine out of the body

bladder

it stimulates the sensation of having to urinate

muscular ring that regulate the balance of salts and other chemicals

26. The kidneys filter the blood and help:

control the body's chemical balance

remove wastes and extra fluid from the body

remove toxin from the body

All the answers in this question

27. Changes in the kidneys that occur with age can cause:

Amount of kidney tissue decreases

Number of filtering units (nephrons) decreases

waste material is filter from the blood decreases

All the answers in this question

28. When getting old and blood vessels supplying the kidneys become hardened, it causes:

blood does not reach the brain

blood does not reach the extremities

blood is filtered more slowly

blood is filtered properly

29. With aging there are structural changes to the thoracic cage causing:

reduction in diaphragm

reduction in height of lungs

reduction in chest wall compliance

reduction in height of thoracic vertebrae

30. The respiratory system comprises of:

thoracic cage, lungs

lungs, and diaphragm

all the answers in this question are right

no-one is right

31. The most common cause of kyphosis in older adults is:

osteoporosis

poor posture

birth defects

cancer and cancer treatments

32. What is kyphosis:

abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.

an abnormally hollowed back

excessive outward curvature of the spine

forward head position

33. Changes which is not related to respiratory system in elderly:

decreases in measures of lung function such as vital capacity

decline in the effectiveness of lung defense mechanisms

stiffening of the thoracic cage from calcification of the rib cage

Increasing in chest wall compliance

34. Age-related changes in the lungs include:

Decreases in peak airflow and gas exchange

Decreases in measures of lung function such as vital capacity

Decline in the effectiveness of lung defense mechanisms

All the answers in question

35. An elderly person with the reduced ability should do vigorous exercises such as:

walking

running

biking

All the answers in question

36. Older people are at higher risk of developing diseases such as:

pneumonia

pneumococcal pneumonia

influenza

may be one of the answers in this question

37. Changes which is not related to circulatory system in elderly:

the muscles of the left ventricle get thicker

the volume of the left ventricle may decline

the heart may both fill and empty more slowly

the heart may decrease slightly in size

38. Differences between young and old hearts:

older heart speed up as quickly or pump as fast or as much blood as a younger heart

older heart cannot speed up as quickly or pump as fast or as much blood as a younger heart

older heart can speed up quickly but cannot pump as much blood as a younger heart

older heart cannot speed up quickly but can pump as much blood as a younger heart

39. When getting old the stiffer arteries are less able to expand when more blood is pumped through them. Thus, blood pressure tends:

to decrease

to increase gradually

to increase

to decrease gradually

40. Factors that contribute to the increased wall thickening and stiffening in aging include:

increased collagen

reduced elastin

calcification

All the answers in this question

41. The wall of the aorta becomes less flexible and:

it shows an increase in wall stiffness

the blood leaving the left ventricle of the heart is faced by more resistance

it cannot travel as far into the arteries

All the answers in this question

42. The walls of veins may become thicker with age because of:

an increase in connective tissue

calcium deposits

incompetency in working

All the answers in this question

43. The age-related concern when arteries and veins become incompetent:

thrombus formation

thrombus phlebitis

ischemia

All the answers in this question

44. Changes which is not related to Endocrine System in elderly:

the levels and activity of some hormones, produced by endocrine glands, decrease.

growth hormone levels decrease, leading to decreased muscle mass.

aldosterone levels decrease, making dehydration more likely.

more insulin may be produced

45. The main glands making up the endocrine system, there are such as:

pituitary, hypothalamus glands

thyroid, parathyroids glands

pineal, adrenals, and the reproductive glands

All the answers in this question

46. The endocrine system plays a major role in the health because it produces hormones for regulating as followings EXCEPT:

mood

metabolism

growth, development

behavioural changes

47. The thyroid gland produces hormones that are essential to the proper functioning of vital organs such as the followings EXCEPT:

Brain

Heart

Kidneys, Liver

Stomach

48. The three hormones your thyroid gland produces are the followings EXCEPT:

triiodothyronine

parathyrin

thyroxine

calcitonin

49. Insulin is produced by:

The liver

The pancreas

The Kidney

The Spinal cord

50. Aldosterone is a steroid hormone produced by:

Medulla

Nephrons

Kidney

Zona glomerulosa

51. The parathyroid glands located around the thyroid gland are of:

52. When aldosterone production falls too low, the kidneys are not able to regulate:

Water balance

Salt balance

Blood volume and blood pressure

All the answers in this question

53. The pineal gland located in:

The brain

The vertebrate brain

The vertebrae

The Spinal cord

54. The pineal gland is also known as:

The conarium

All the answers in this question

The epiphysis cerebri

The conarium or epiphysis cerebri

55. The pineal gland produces:

melatonin

All the answers in this question

serotonin

melatonin and serotonin

56. Cortisol affects the breakdown of the followings EXCEPT:

glucose

Acid

fat

protein

57. The pituitary gland located at:

The top of the brain

The top of the liver

The base of the kidney

The base of the brain

58. Growth hormone is to:

fuel childhood growth

All the answers in this question

help maintain tissues

help maintain organs

59. The pituitary gland slowly reduces the amount of growth hormone in:

childhood

Beginning in middle age

Middle age

elderly

60. Changes in Digestive system in elderly:

the pancreas gains in overall weight

constipation becomes more common

lactase levels decrease and the pancreas gains in overall weight

lactase levels decrease and Constipation becomes more common

61. Presbyesophagus is:

the strength of esophageal contractions decreases

the strength of esophageal contractions and the tension in the upper esophageal sphincter decrease

the tension in the upper esophageal sphincter decreases

No-one is right

62. With age, the stomach lining's capacity to resist damage:

increases

decreases

strong

vigorous

63. With age, the stomach:

can accommodate much food

cannot accommodate much food

can accommodate much soft food

can accommodate much hard food

64. When getting age, the rate that the stomach empties food into the small intestine:

increases

decreases

strong

vigorous

65. Commonly the conditions that decrease acid secretion of the stomach is:

Hypertrophic gastritis

Atrophic gastritis

Hyperplasic gastritis

Hypoplasic gastritis

66. The digestive system disease that commonly appears in the old:

Pyloric stenosis

Small intestine cancer

Colon cancer

Peptic ulcer disease

67. The production and flow of bile decrease with aging. As a result, the problems more likely to form are:

Bile duct swelling

Gallstones

Cholecystitis

Biliary diskinesia

68. Signs of lactose intolerance in some older adults are the followings EXCEPT:

vertigo

abdominal pain

gas, bloating

diarrhea, nausea

69. Bacterial overgrowth in small intestine may also lead to decreased absorption of certain nutrients, such as:

All the answers in this question

vitamin B12

iron

Calcium

70. With age, the pancreas decreases in overall weight, and some tissue is replaced by:

swelling

scarring

hypertrophic cells

hyperplasic cells

71. With age, the ability of the liver to metabolize many substances:

increases

decreases

is stronger

is faster

72. Drugs often need to be ……………….. In older people:

decreased

increased

ground

sugar-coated

73. The bile flows from:

Liver

Gallbladder

Pancreas

Small intestine

74. When aging, The rectum does enlarge somewhat:

A slight slowing in the movement of contents through the large intestine

All the answers are right

A modest decrease in the contractions of the rectum when filled with stool

No-one is right

75. What does “GROWTH” in health mean?:

It is defined as increase in size as a foetus grows into a child

It is defined as increase in size as a child grows into an adult

It is defined as increase in size as an adult grows into an elderly

No-one is right

76. What does “DEVELOPMENT” in health mean?:

It is the progress towards immaturity

It is the progress towards maturity

It is the progress towards puberty

It is the progress towards youth

77. What does “MATURATION” in health mean?:

The stop of the adult stage brought about by the growth and development

The stabilization of the adult stage brought about by the growth and development

The beginning stage of an adult brought about by the growth and development

The final stage of an adult brought about by the growth and development

78. About the lips when getting age:

Commissures descend inferiorly

All the answers are right

“M flattening” shape of upper lip vermillion

No-one is right

79. When getting age, the lips become:

wrinkling and loss of turgor

All the answers are right

atrophy

flattened in M shape

80. When aging, gingiva:

Diminished keratinization

All the answers are right

increased fibrous tissue content

No-one is right

81. Gingiva of the old people is:

Increased in width of attached Gingiva

All the answers are right

No-one is right

possibly reduced in stippled effect

82. Gingiva of elderly is:

Decreased connective tissue cellularity

All the answers are right

No-one is right

Decreased in resistance to infection

83. The ability of the periodontal ligament in elderly:

Resistance to infectious diseases is decreased

All the answers in this question are right

There could be calcifications occurring within its substance

No-one is right

84. PDL width starts to dwindle as some of the teeth becomes…………………..with age:

functional

Non-functional

All the answers are right

No answers are right

85. In Older individuals Cementicles are:

Absent

Present

Functional

Non-functional

86. When there is thickening of cementum with age it envelops these cementicles and is referred as:

Cementosis

Ex-cementosis

In-cementosis

Out-cementosis

87. A cementicle is……………………………..embedded within or attached to the cementum layer on the root surface of a tooth, or lying free within the periodontal ligament:

a small calcified mass

All the answers in this question are right

Spherical calcified mass

ovoid calcified mass

88. When aging, the blood vessels of the PDL may:

undergo atherosclerosis

All the answers are right

resulting in ischemia

No answers are right

89. When aging, for PDL of the old:

There is a decrease in the fibrous tissue content

There is an increase in the fibrous tissue content

There is an increase in the connective tissue content

There is a decrease in the connective tissue content

90. With aging, the pulp chamber:

Increase in volume

Decrease in volume

Increase in width

Increase in height

91. Vascular supply to pulp tissue when aging:

There is a replication

There is a reduction

There is a loop

No answers are right

92. About cell and cell organelles, they:

Decrease in number of cells and cell organelles

All the answers are right

Decrease in size of cell

No answers are right

93. When aging, the pulp volume also decreases, due to:

the continued deposition of enamel

the continued deposition of dentin

the continued deposition of calcification

the continued deposition of mineralization

94. Thin root canal in an adult tooth seems as:

obliterated

All the answers are right

narrow

No answers are right

95. Fibrosis in aging pulp due to:

Increased accumulation of both diffuse fibrillar component

All the answers are right

bundles of collagen fibers

Increase in fibers in pulp is gradual

96. Atherosclerotic plaques may appear in vessels of aging pulp that the outer diameter of vessel walls become greater due to:

increased collagen fibers

decreased collagen fibers

increased connective tissue

decreased connective tissue

97. Atherosclerotic plaques may appear in vessels of aging pulp that blood flow too decreases with age due to:

calcifications are found in vessels

basically in the apical foramen

No answers are right

All the answers are right

98. Pulp stone often appears in:

No answers are right

Young pulp

Aging pulp

All the answers are right

99. Pulp stone is:

Denticles or endolith

All the answers are right

Nodular calcified masses

No answers in this question

100. In pulp stone there are:

True denticles

False denticles

No answers are right

All the answers are right

101. True pulp stone is:

Brought about by the differentiation of pulp fibrous cell within the pulp cavity

Brought about by the differentiation of pulp cell to odontoclasts within the pulp cavity

Brought about by the differentiation of pulp cell to odontoblasts within the pulp cavity

Brought about by the differentiation of pulp ischemia cell within the pulp cavity

102. False pulp stone is:

Caused by the nonspecific calcification of tissue around a central pulp tissue within the pulp cavity

Caused by the specific calcification of tissue around a central pulp tissue within the pulp cavity

Caused by the specific calcification of tissue around a central nucleus within the pulp cavity

Caused by the nonspecific calcification of tissue around a central nucleus within the pulp cavity

103. Pulp stone is classified into:

All the answers are right

Entirely surrounded by pulp tissues

Partly fused with dentin

Entirely surrounded by dentin

104. In histological change:

There is clumping of odontoblast layer

All the answers are right

vaculation within odontoblastic layer

No answers are right

105. The obstruction of salivary gland is called:

Salivary calculi

No answers are right

Sialolithiasis

All answers are right

106. Total volume of saliva per day is:

0.5 L

0.5-1L

1.5L

107. Which major salivary gland is easily obstructed?:

Parotid gland

All answers are right

Submandibular gland

No answers are right

108. For mineralization, some of the difference between people who have the same diet and same exposure to fluoride is explained by a different of each individual’s saliva:

buffering ability

volume

stimulation

109. The subjective feeling of oral dryness:

xerostomia

hyposalivation

remineralisation

sialosis

110. Oral dryness often happen to the subjects:

All answers are right

Consume anti-hypertension medications

Consume tobacco and alcohol

Receive cancer therapy

111. Medication causes Xerostomia or hyposalivation:

antibiotics

aspirin

anti-coagulant

anti-histamine

112. Normal unstimulated saliva flow rate (ml/min):

0.1

0.3-0.5

0.5

0.7

113. Unstimulated saliva flow rate in Hyposalivation (ml/min):

˂ 0.1

0.3-0.5

˂ 0.5

˂ 0.7

114. Stimulated saliva flow rate in male hyposalivation patient (ml/min):

˂ 0.1

0.3-0.5

˂ 0.5

˂ 0.7

115. Stimulated saliva flow rate in female hyposalivation patient (ml/min):

˂ 0.1

0.3-0.5

˂ 0.5

˂ 0.7

116. Causes of salivary gland hypofunction:

diseases

infection

medication

all of them

117. Minimum time using for testing hyposalivation:

30 seconds

1 minute

2 minutes

5 minutes

118. Dry mouth management:

brush as usual

use fluoride mouthrise

drink water often and brush as usual

drink water often and use fluoride mouthrinse

119. Indirect cause increases dental caries:

xerostomia

hyposalivation

remineralisation

sialosis

120. What kind of dental caries often happens to elderly people?:

Caries in cuspids

Caries in proximal surfaces

Caries in the occlusal surfaces

Caries to the tooth root

121. Cervical burnout is:

common radiographic artefact on PBWs which is not real

aproximal caries

root caries

unclear x-ray

122. Acid etch for root caries filling:

enamel 20 s and dentine 10 s

enamel 10 s and dentine 20 s

etch for 20 s

etch for 10 s

123. Light-curing time for root lesion filling:

20 s each time and 20 s for finishing

20 s every time

40 s every time

20 s each time and 40 s for finishing

124. Which filling material is the most inappropriate for root caries treatment:

glass-ionomer

1 step self-etch (composite)

2 step self-etch (composite)

3 step self-etch (composite)

125. Symptoms of Chronic Adult Periodontitis:

bleeding after brushing, halitosis, and a bad taste

normally painless until very advanced but sometimes root sensitivity is a problem

loose teeth when advanced and majority of bone has been lost

all of them

126. Formula to calculate combined Attachment Loss (CAL):

Gingival Recession (GR) + Pocket Depth (PD

PD - GR

Clinical crown length + Pocket Depth

Anatomical crown length + Pocket Depth

127. Risk Factors for Chronic Adult Periodontitis:

Plaque and aging

Smoking and Diabetes

Diabetes

All of them

128. Plaque control in elderly:

toothbrush handle bigger

brush for 2 minutes, 2 times per day

toothbrush handle bigger and brush for 2 minutes, 2 times per day

brush for 2 minutes, 2 times per day and toothbrush handle smaller

129. When do you have to keep the tooth for periodontal treatment in elderly:

A periapical abscess

Pain because of mobility

No function

Prior to bridge

130. Most dementia victims survive approximately:

1 year

3 years

7 years

13 years

131. Alzheimer’s disease can be divided into multiple phases:

2 phases

3 phases

4 phases

5 phases

132. What is amnesia:

memory loss

communication difficulties

inability to perform complicated motor tasks

inability to recognize previously learned sensory input

133. What is aphasia:

memory loss

communication difficulties

inability to perform complicated motor tasks

inability to recognize previously learned sensory input

134. What is apraxia:

memory loss

communication difficulties

inability to perform complicated motor tasks

inability to recognize previously learned sensory input

135. What is agnosia:

memory loss

communication difficulties

inability to perform complicated motor tasks

inability to recognize previously learned sensory input

136. How do you manage Amnestic patients:

frequent reminders during the dental procedure

non-verbal communication

the practitioner should talk with family

manage as normal patient

137. ………………..may worsen confusion rather than improve dementia patient for dental procedure:

Gas or other major sedatives

Oral Sedation

Lorazepam

Topical anesthetics

138. Blood glucose levels usually range within:

60 to 150 mg/dL

90 to 110 mg/dL

75 to 115 mg/dL

70 to 150 mg/dL

139. What do you need to ask Diabetes patients:

Recent blood glucose levels and frequency of hypoglycemic episodes

Anti-diabetic medications

Dosages and times of administration should be determined

All of them

140. What is the alternative term for Oesophageal reflux:

Heartburn

Digestion

Dysphagia

Haematemesis

141. Anesthesia or sedation should avoided in the first trimester and last month of pregnancy:

GA or IV sedation

Topical Anesthesia

142. Weight gain is the sign of:

Hypertension

Hyperthyroidism

Hypothyroidism

Hypotension

143. Smoothening and drying of oral mucosa of the old:

All the answers are right

reduction in thickness of epithelial ridge

No answers are right

decrease in salivary secretion

144. Oral mucosa of the old reveals that:

Langerhans cells becomes more and more

Increase in cellularity in lamina propria

Langerhans cells becomes fewer

Contribute to an increase in cell mediated immunity

145. Oral mucosa of the old shows that:

Decrease in cellularity in lamina propria

Increase in cellularity in lamina propria

Langerhans cells becomes more and more

Lymphocytes decreases more and more

146. Dry oral mucosa of the old is:

All the answers are right

Gradual replacement of fatty tissue

No answers are right

decrease in salivary secretion

147. Oral mucosa lamina propria of the old indicates that:

Increase in cell mediated immunity

Increase in specialized cells to replace others

Increase in amount of collagen

Decrease in amount of collagen

148. Healing power of the oral mucosa with advancing age:

Reduction in connective tissue

Decreased rates of metabolic activity

Reduction in vascularity

Reduction in taste buds

149. Tongue of the old appears:

All the answers are right

Smooth on the dorsal surface

No answers are right

Reduction in the thickness of epithelium

150. For the tongue of the old, which one is wrong?:

Taste buds may be degenerated

There is decrease in the number of taste buds

Loss of the Filliform papillae

Hairy tongue often appears

151. The dorsum of the tongue with advanced age:

There may be burning

There may be fissuring

There may be hairy

There may be candidosis

152. About saliva of the old, which is NOT RIGHT:

Gradually the parenchyma is replaced by fatty tissue

Increased viscosity of saliva

Decrease in flow of saliva

There may be erythrocytes in the salivary content

153. The program should help patients with dementia:

to improve oral health

to reduce the risk of developing poor oral and dental health

All the answers are right

No answers are right

154. Maintaining oral health brings benefits in terms of:

self-esteem and dignity

social integration and nutrition

No answers are right

All the answers are right

155. Poor oral health of patients with dementia can lead to:

pain and tooth loss

All the answers are right

negatively affect self-esteem

No answers are right

156. People with dementia may face at different stages and methods for:

Relation

Mobilization

Treatment and prevention

Home care

157. People with dementia may face at:

maintaining good oral health

issues around wearing and keeping dentures

following other contaminated diseases

All the answers are right

158. The ability to eat, laugh and smile is a part of:

Special health related quality of life

Quality of Life

Oral health related quality of life

General health related quality of life

159. High-energy food supplements contain:

high levels of lipid

high levels of protein

high levels of lactose

high levels of sucrose

160. In free time, it is important to keep the mouth clean to minimize:

The risk of gum diseases

The risk of PDL diseases

The risk of decay

The risk of throat diseases

161. Food supplements may be prescribed to a person with dementia who is difficult with:

eating

All the answers are right

Chewing

swallowing

162. For patients with dementia, periodontal disease can cause all the followings EXCEPT:

inflamed and bleeding gums

gum recession

loose teeth and bad breath

pain in teeth

163. Gum recession increases the chances of decay occurring at:

Proximal surfaces of teeth

The necks of teeth

Occlusal surfaces of teeth

Lingual surfaces of teeth

164. People with dementia may also be prescribed:

sedatives

antipsychotics

All the answers are right

antidepressants

165. Saliva acts as …………… to cleans the mouth and teeth:

an enzyme

a lubricant

a normal water

a catalyst

166. Lack of saliva in elderly people can increase the risk of:

Dental plaque and dental decay

Gum and PDL diseases

All the answers are right

Oral mucosa infections

167. If medications prescribed for elderly people is syrup-based, there is an increased danger of:

tooth colour changing

tooth decay

gum infection

throat infection

168. When the tongue of the old appears smooth owing to the reduction in the thickness of epithelium, some of the followings also appear EXCEPT:

Taste buds may be degenerated

There is decrease in the number of taste buds

Loss of the Filliform papillae

Cancer in the tongue

169. When getting older, acinar volume of the major salivary gland reduce about:

20%

40%

60%

80%

170. In old people, ventral surface of the tongue may have:

Blood supply problem

Varicosities

Oral tissue problems

Candidiasis infection

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