Chapter 12
Neuroscience Knowledge Check
Test your understanding of the nervous system with this comprehensive quiz, designed to challenge your knowledge of key concepts and structures. Perfect for students and enthusiasts alike!
With questions covering:
- Neural cell fun
ctions - Roles of neurotransmitters
- Pathways of the nervous system
Which part of the nervous system performs the higher-order thinking required to complete this practice exam?
Afferent division
Central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
Autonomic nervous system
Which of the following structures is NOT part of the PNS?
An interneuron within an autonomic ganglion
A ganglion
A sensory receptor
An interneuron within the spinal cord
What is included in the primary functions of the nervous system?
Providing sensation of the internal and external environments
Integrating sensory information
Regulating and controlling peripheral structures and systems
All of the listed responses are correct.
Neurons are responsible for __________.
Information transfer and processing in the nervous system
Creating a three-dimensional framework for the CNS
Controlling the interstitial environment
Performing repairs in damaged neural tissue
What are the two major cell populations of neural tissue?
Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes
Satellite cells and Schwann cells
Neurons and neuroglia
Microglia and ependymal cells
Which of the following CNS glial cells remove debris, wastes, and pathogens by phagocytosis?
Schwann cells
Ependymal cells
Microglia
Astrocytes
The white matter of the CNS represents a region dominated by the presence of __________.
Neuroglia
Oligodendrocytes
Unmyelinated axons
Astrocytes
If resting membrane potential is –70 mV and the threshold is –60 mV, a membrane potential of –62 mV will __________.
Repolarize the membrane to −80 mV
Produce an action potential
Not produce an action potential
Depolarize the membrane to 0 mV
A node along the axon represents an area where __________.
There is an absence of myelin
There is a layer of fat
There is a gap in the cell membrane
There are interwoven layers of myelin and protein
Nerve cell bodies in the PNS are clustered together in masses called __________.
Proprioceptors
Ganglia
Nodes
Neuromodulators
An important neurotransmitter in emotional states and moods is __________.
Acetylcholine
Serotonin
Aspartate
Substance P
The space between neurons at a nerve synapse across which a nerve impulse is transmitted by a neurotransmitter
Synaptic Cleft
Membrane Potential
Upper motor neurons
Lower motor neurons
Sensory neurons are responsible for carrying impulses __________.
Away from the CNS
From the CNS to the PNS
To the PNS
To the CNS
Efferent pathways consist of axons that carry impulses __________.
Toward the CNS
To the spinal cord and into the brain
Away from the CNS
From the PNS to the CNS
Sensory (ascending) pathways distribute information __________.
From peripheral receptors to processing centers in the brain
From motor pathways to interneurons in the CNS
From the central nervous system to the peripheral nervous system
From processing centers in the brain to peripheral receptors
Schwann cells are glial cells responsible for __________.
Secretion of cerebrospinal fluid
Surrounding nerve cell bodies in peripheral ganglia
Producing a myelin around peripheral axons
Phagocytic activities in the neural tissue of the PNS
The main functional difference between the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system is that the activities of the ANS are __________.
Primarily involuntary, or under "automatic" control
Primarily voluntary controlled
Involved with carrying impulses to the CNS
Involved with affecting skeletal muscle activity
What happens when depolarization to threshold occurs?
Sodium channels are inactivated.
Leak channels are activated.
Voltage-gated sodium channels are opened.
Voltage-gated potassium channels open.
Which of the following is the most excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and functions in learning and memory?
Norepinephrine
Anamidine
Glutamate
Dynorphins
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