Peripheral Vascular Disorders quiz part 2
By:Mohamed Mamdouh
Peripheral Vascular Disorders Quiz Part 2
Test your knowledge on peripheral vascular disorders with this engaging quiz! Explore various aspects of conditions like Peripheral Arterial Disease, Raynaud's Disease, and more. Whether you're a student, healthcare provider, or just interested in learning, this quiz offers valuable insights.
- Understand key symptoms and treatments
- Assess your knowledge of vascular health
- Enhance your understanding of medical conditions affecting blood flow
What is the most common presentation of Peripheral Arterial Disease of Lower Extremities?
Absence of peripheral pulses below the occlusive area.
Intermittent Claudication
Aching, cramping, and tiredness
Weakness in the legs
What is a symptom of Raynaud's Disease?
Muscle atrophy
Feeling hot in the extremities
Complaints of tingling or numbness in the toes
Increased flow of blood to the area
What is the first step in treating a reduced blood flow condition?
Pale skin
Weight management
Make lifestyle changes, including smoking cessation.
Exercise
What type of treatment should be initiated for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes?
Stenting (to keep the vessel lumen open)
Nicotine replacement therapy (Zyban)
Varenicline (Chantix)
Aspirin or clopidogrel (Plavix)
What surgical technique is widely used to replace a diseased segment of an artery?
Interventional radiology
Grafting
Stent placement
PTA
What is an aneurysm?
Deep, diffuse chest pain
A bulge
A localized widening (dilatation) of an artery, a vein.
Complications of PTA
What symptom may be caused by pressure on the recurrent laryngeal nerve
Edema of the head and arms
Angina
Hoarseness
Airway obstruction
What is the medical management of an abdominal aneurysm that is wider than 5cm
Resection of the vessel and dissection of the aortic
Palpation of a pulsating mass in the area slightly to the left of the umbilicus
Surgery is the treatment of choice
Pressure on abdominal organs and nerves for relief of back pain
What is the medical management for a patient experiencing severe and persistent pain described as tearing or ripping
Can be treated with medication or physical therapy
Can be treated with bed rest or massage
Can be treated surgically or medically
Can be treated with home remedies or a heating pad
A serious condition in which there is a tear in the wall of the major artery carrying blood out of the heart)
Aneurysms
Aortic dissection
PAD
Arterial Embolism
Embolus adhering to the wall of an artery blocking the flow of blood
PAD
Aneurysms
Arterial Embolism
Aortic dissection
Medical Treatement of Arterial Embolism
Anticoagulants
Antiplatelet medicines
Pain killers given (by IV)
Thrombolytics
All of the above
Surgical Treatment of Arterial Embolism
Bypass of the artery
Angioplasty
Embolectomy
All of the above
a chronic arterial occlusive disease of the lower extremities caused by atherosclerosis
Arterial Embolism
Aneurysms
Aortic dissection
PAD
Most common sites for PAD are
A)Distal superficial femoral
B)Popliteal arteries
C)Superior venacava
D)Both A and B
What is the recovery period typically required after Interventional Radiology
1-2 weeks
1-2 months
24 to 48 hours
2-3 days
What is a common application of interventional radiology
Requiring a recovery period of 24 to 48 hours
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)
Grafting
Doing surgery in the catheterization laboratory
What treatment is usually used for antiplatelet activity
Endarterectomy
Zyban
Varenicline (Chantix)
Aspirin or clopidogrel (Plavix)
What is one of the initial signs of arterial occlusion?
Weight management
Shiny, scaly skin
Smoking cessation
Thickening of toe nails
Replacement of a diseased segment of an artery
Endarterectomy
Grafting
PTA
Angiography
Opening of the artery with a balloon catheter
Embolectomy
Endarterectomy
Angioplasty
Grafting
Clot removal through a balloon catheter
Embolectomy
Endarterectomy
Grafting
Angioplasty
Surgical removal of the obstruction
Angioplasty
Endarterectomy
Embolectomy
Grafting
Procedure enlarges the interior diameter of the blood vessel and is followed by stent placement
PTA
Embolectomy
Grafting
Endarterectomy
Complications of PTA are
Cramping, tiredness
Hematoma formation
Embolus, arterial dissection
Allergic reaction
Muscle atrophy
What is the symptom of pressure on the esophagus
Airway obstruction
Dysphagia
Edema of the head and arms
All of the above
What is one symptom of a thoracic aneurysm?
Hoarseness
Dilatation of an artery
Deep, diffuse chest pain
Pressure on the recurrent laryngeal nerve
What is the symptom when superior vena cava is compressed
Dilatation of an artery
Chest pain
Dysphagia
Edema of the head and arms
Diagnosed when repeated measurements in a doctor’s office yield values of 140/90 mmHg or higher
PAD
Arterial Hypertension
Aortic dissection
Aneurysms
What is the diagnostic criteria for arterial hypertension?
Family history of hypertension
Excessive alcohol intake
Primary aldosteronism
Repeated measurements in a doctor's office yielding values of 140/90 mmHg or higher
What is the value of a diagnosis of arterial hypertension?
140/90 mmHg or higher
Overweight/obesity
Family history of hypertension
Primary aldosteronism
What can cause headaches, facial flushing (redness), and dizziness or fainting as a result of elevated blood pressure
Pregnancy
Mineralocorticoids
Coarctation of the aorta
Brain tumors
What are some clinical manifestations of elevated blood pressure
Brain tumors
Headaches, facial flushing, dizziness, or fainting.
Encephalitis
Coarctation of the aorta
What can be used to detect postural (orthostatic)changes?
Assessing renal vascular disease
Detecting abdominal bruits
Take readings in the supine or sitting position and standing.
Detecting tachycardia, sweating, and pallor
Which of the following suggests renal vascular disease?
The presence of abdominal bruits
Tachycardia
Orthostatic hypotension
Sweating and pallor
What is usually tried first for the treatment of primary hypertension?
Surgery
Treatment of underlying conditions
Medication
A conservative, non-pharmacologic method
Which of the following suggests pheochromocytoma (adrenal medulla tumor)
Tachycardia, sweating, and pallor
The presence of abdominal bruits
Orthostatic hypotension
All of the above
Elevation of blood pressure in the arms, with normal or low blood pressure in the lower extremities
Orthostatic hypotension
Coarctation of the aorta
Aortic dissection
PAD
Action Items To Help Lowering BP
Consult a dietitian to help develop a plan for improving nutrient intake
Encourage restriction of sodium and fat
Encourage fast food and high salt intake
Regular physical activity
Inactivity and alcohol abuse
Advise patient to limit alcohol
Which of the following is a Secondary Etiology of Hypertension
Family history of hypertension
Smoking
Pregnancy
Continuous stress
Which of the following is a Primary Etiology of Hypertension
Kidney disease
Primary aldosteronism
Overweight/obesity
Glucocorticoids
Inflammation and thrombosis (clotting) of small and medium arteries and veins of the hands and feet
Buerger’s disease
PAD
Aneurysms
Aortic dissection
What are some common signs and symptoms of Buerger's disease
Swelling, redness, and warmness of the affected areas
Decreased appetite, fever, and tenderness of the affected areas
Painless ulcers, discoloration, and tenderness of the affected areas
Pain in the affected areas, increased sensitivity to cold, and diminished or absent peripheral pulses.
What is the best method of treating ulcerations and gangrene in the extremities
Hair growth reduction
using tobacco
Treatment of ulceration and gangrene to minimizing infection and conservative debridement of necrotic tissue
What is a common symptom of extremities affected by poor circulation
Increased hair growth
Cyanotic blue to reddish blue
Skin becomes thick and dry
Medical management
Useful in some instances to produce vasodilatation and increase blood flow
Regional sympathetic block
Regional parasympathetic block
Peripheral nerve block
Why Vasodilators is not advised
May divert blood away from the partially occluded vessels
Underdevelopemnt
Too good option
Make the situation better
What type of localised intermittent vasoconstriction is associated with Raynaud's Disease?
Blood clotting
Reynaud's phenomenon
Vasodilatation
Increased blood flow
What is the primary cause of Reynaud's phenomenon
Cause is unknown
Systemic Lupus
Repeated Injury of Usage
Drug Causes Arterial Narrowing
What color is produced when oxygenated blood returns after vasospasm stops
Purple
Red
Green
Blue
What is the result of vasospasm
Numbness, tingling, and burning pain
Bluish skin due to deoxygenated blood
Red color due to oxygenated blood
Calcium channel blockers and vasodilators
What is the nurse's instruction to the patient for healing skin ulcers
Use onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox).
Inject chemicals such as local anesthetics.
Perform nerve surgery on hands or feet.
Apply Nitro-Dur to the base of your fingers.
Medical management of Raynaud’s Disease
Vasodilators
Calcium channel blockers
Nerve surgery
Chemical injection
Nurse should instruct the patient with Raynaud’s Disease as following
ς� Avoid touching cold metals
Keep warm
Practice good skin care
putting hands in cold water
Smoking
Exercise
What is the condition in which a thrombus forms in the presence of phlebitis
Venous Thrombosis
Thrombophlebitis
Endothelial Injury
Deep Vein Thrombosis
2. What is the term used to define venous thrombosis affecting both superficial and deep veins?
Saphenous vein thrombus formation
Superficial vein thrombosis (SVT)
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
Venous thromboembolism (VTE)
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor associated with developing Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
Surgery under general anesthesia for people older than 40 yrs
Age
Malignancy
Leg trauma resulting in immobilization from casts or traction
What is a major symptoms of SVT
The affected extremity may be edematous and painful
The vein may feel firm and cordlike when palpated
The area around the vein may be warm, red, and tender
The patient may have a mild elevation in systemic temperature
All of the above
How much heparin is typically administered when initiating anticoagulation therapy
A bolus of 1,000 units followed by a continuous infusion of 5,000 to 10,000 units per hour.
A bolus of 5,000 to 10,000 units followed by a continuous infusion of 1,000 units per hour.
Thrombolytic therapy with the use of intra-arterial Fibrin-specific thrombolytic medications.
A bolus of 5,000 to 10,000 units followed by a continuous infusion of 2,000 units per hour.
The superficial vein that is most often the site of thrombus formation is
The saphenous vein
Femoral
Popliteal, and small calf veins
All of the aobe
The deep veins commonly involved are the
Femoral, popliteal, and small calf veins
Saphenous vein
Brachial
Radial
Complication of DVT is
Hypertension
Severe headache
Pulmonary embolism
Constipation
What is the medical condition caused by incompetent venous valves?
Venous stasis
Varicose veins
Dilated veins
Thrombectomy
What is the most common cause of varicosities?
Hormonal effects
Prolonged standing
Weakness of the vein wall
Aching, heavy legs
Which of the following treatments is most conservative for varicose veins?
Elevating the Legs
Wearing of Compression Stockings
Ablation Radiofrequency
All of the above
What type of medication is commonly used to treat superficial thrombophlebitis?
Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) devices
Aspirin
Topical gel application
Ligation and stripping
11. Which of the following is true regarding the treatment of veins in the groin?
A surgical procedure is used to close of the vein in the groin.
The vein is ligated high in the groin, where the saphenous vein meets the femoral vein.
Chemical substance is injected into the vein to close it off.
The vein is cut in the groin, where the saphenous vein meets the femoral vein.
After the sclerosing agent is injected, what type of bandages are applied to the leg?
Antibiotic bandages
Elastic compression bandages
Bed rest
Compression wraps
Used to help prevent blood clots in the deep veins of the legs
Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC)
Aspirin
Topical gel application
Ligation and stripping
What is the primary characteristic of lymphangitis
Leukocytosis
Red, irregular, warm, tender streaks
Enlargement of the lymph nodes
Systemic manifestations
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