DNA/RNA Unit Exam (NO QUIZ Qs/NO DNA & RNA basics)
DNA/RNA Mutation Mastery Quiz
Test your knowledge on the complexities of DNA and RNA mutations with our engaging quiz! This quiz is designed for individuals looking to deepen their understanding of genetics, covering a range of crucial topics related to mutations, epigenetics, cloning, and more.
Prepare to explore:
- Key concepts of genetic mutations
- Different types of point mutations
- The role of epigenetics in gene expression
- Modern techniques in genetics such as cloning and PCR
What is the term used to describe any change in DNA that is "heritable", or can be inherited?
Transcription
Epigenetics
Mutation
TRUE OR FALSE: Somatic cell mutations impact body cells, whereas germ cell mutations impact sex cells.
True
False
TRUE OR FALSE: X-rays, UV lights, asbestos, and benzene are examples of mutagens, or agents capable of changing DNA
True
False
Which kind of mutation only affects single genes? Which only affects chromosomes?
Genes mutations; point mutations
Point mutations; chromosomal mutations
Gene mutations; chromosomal mutations
How many nucleotides does a point mutation change?
What occurs during a silent point mutation?
A letter from the original and the translated strand are switched; no effects on the amino acid
A letter from the original and the translated strand are switched; the amino acid is affected
A letter from the original and the translated strand are switched, causing a stop codon to be read early
What occurs during a missense point mutation?
A letter from the original and the translated strand are switched; no effects on the amino acid
A letter from the original and the translated strand are switched, causing a stop codon to be read early
A letter from the original and the translated strand are switched; the amino acid is affected
What occurs during a nonsense point mutation?
A letter from the original and the translated strand are switched, causing a stop codon to be read early
A letter from the original and the translated strand are switched; no effects on the amino acid
A letter from the original and the translated strand are switched; the amino acid is affected
What makes a frameshift mutation different than a substitution/point mutation?
Substitutions lead to the addition or deletion of letters, changing the reading
Frameshift mutations (addition/deletion) shift the "frame", or sequence of the amino acid readings
Neither of the above
What is a duplication?
The addition of one letter next to the same letter
Similar chromosomes showing up on multiple karyotypes
Neither of the above
TRUE OR FALSE: An inversion involves the reversal of a segment of chromosomes, and s translocation involves the attachment of a piece of one chromosome to another.
True
False
What is the definition of epigenetics?
Gene regulation/expression using certain proteins
The way the environment affects the condition of a gene
Both of the above
Which of these is a protein which keeps a gene "turned off" and tightly coiled?
Histone Protein
Acetylation Protein
Methylation Protein
TRUE OR FALSE: Methylation ALLOWS access to genes/turns them on, whereas acetylation BLOCKS access to genes/turns them off.
True
False (switched)
Variation in dog breeds and colors of cauliflower are examples of which of these?
Genetic Engineering
Selective Breeding
Both of the above
Which of these IS NOT a step in the cloning process?
What are restriction enzymes?
Enzymes which cut DNA into smaller pieces in specific regions
Enzymes which block a gene from "turning on"
Neither of the above
What is the difference between blunt and sticky ends?
Blunt ends do not reattach to other strands, whereas sticky ends can attach to other sticky ends
Blunt ends connect DNA strands, whereas sticky ends stick to RNA strands
Neither of the above
What did the Human Genome Project reveal?
Process of recombination
All human genes and codes for them
Neither of the above
What is the technique used to separate and analyze differently sized DNA fragments referred to as?
Gel electropbhoresis
Bioinformatics
Genomics
What is bioinformatics?
The study of whole genomes (genes and functions)
Creation, development, and operation of certain tools to collect, organize, and interpret biological data
Neither of the above
What is genomics?
The project which used technology to identify/address issues surrounding the availability of human genomes
The study of whole genomes (genes and functions)
A synonym for biology
What must be done to create recombinant plasmids?
A plasmid must be cut
A foreign DNA fragment attaches to the plasmid's sticky ends
Both of the above
During gel electrophoresis, what is considered to be homozygous normal?
The "normal", or original DNA fragments
The copy of normal and mutated DNA
The mutated DNA fragments
TRUE OR FALSE: The homozygous mutated fragments are from the mutated DNA, and the heterozygous fragments are copies of both normal and mutated
True
False
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