ISA QUIZ Part 3
For an ideal soil ratio, what component takes up the least amount of space within the overall makeup of the soil structure?
Water
Air
Organic matter
Mineral-rich soil
What soil horizon category is most likely to include a large amount of organic material?
A
E
B
C
What soil below most likely has the highest infiltration rate?
Loose sand
Compacted silt
Loose silt
Compacted clay
What substance may be added to soil to temporarily lower the PH?
Lime
Ash
Sulfur
Calcium
What is the correct scientific name for the sugar maple genus?
Picea
Ulmus
Magnolia
Acer
What statement regarding the net charge of soils is true?
Soils have a net negative charge
Soils have a net positive charge
Positive sites outnumber negative sites
Soils have only entirely positive or negative sites
A soil structure has a layer of clay above a layer of sand. At what point will water begin to enter the lower layer of sand?
The water will flow immediately through the clay layer into the sand layer
After the clay layer is partially saturated
After the clay layer is fully saturated
The sand layer is impervious
What soil moisture condition occurs when both the micro and macropores are filled with water?
Pore capacity
Wilting point
Field capacity
Saturation
What irrigation system type is best suited for use on deeper, more mature root systems?
Drip irrigation
High-pressure injection
Basin irrigation
Soaker hose
What tree species is commonly identified as having leaves in an opposite arrangement?
Hawthorne
Ash
Sycamore
Oak
A soil with a high buffering capacity will have which of the following characteristics?
High percentage of pore space
Easily compacted
High retention of water
Resistant to changes in PH levels
In relation to the frequency of irrigation, what statement below is true regarding the differences between sandy or clay soils?
Sandy soils need to be irrigated more frequently and for shorter periods than clay
Sandy soils need to be irrigated more frequently and for longer periods than clay
Sandy soils need to be irrigated less frequently and for shorter periods than clay
Sandy soils need to be irrigated less frequently and for longer periods than clay
The movement of water within the soil defines which of the following?
Infiltration
Percolation
Transpiration
Desiccation
What is a common detrimental side effect of the use of recycled water?
Evapotranspiration
Surface rooting
Increase in soil salinity
Flooding
Antitranspirants can be used to prevent water loss through transpiration by which of the following means?
Forming an impermeable layer on the plant
Restricting leaf surface growth
Penetrating the soil to increase percolation
Increasing the absorption rate of the roots
Drainage tiles should be placed at what depth below the soil surface?
6”
1’
3’
5’
Hydrozoning groups plants together by which of the following characteristics?
Root depth
Water use
Infiltration rates
Soil type
What essential element is more readily available in an alkaline environment than acidic?
Magnesium
Manganese
Iron
Calcium
What component of organic fertilizer is classified as synthetic organic?
Manure
Fish hydrolysates
Formaldehyde
Bone meal
What is the maximum salt index for the use of slow-release fertilizer with long-term nitrogen release?
10
30
50
100
Potassium in a complete fertilizer comes in which form?
Potassium chloride
Potassium nitrate
Soluble potash
Potassium acid
What macronutrient is an essential component of chlorophyll?
Nitrogen
Magnesium
Sulfur
Calcium
Of the options listed, what is the most specific level of taxonomic hierarchy?
Class
Order
Kingdom
Family
What is not an identifying characteristic of an angiosperm?
Naked seeds
Two seed leaves
Single seed leaves
Seeds covered by an ovary
Using 10-lb bags of fertilizer with a 10-6-4 ratio, how many bags of fertilizer are needed at a rate of 4 lbs. Of nitrogen per 1000 square ft to cover 2500 square feet?
2
4
8
10
A foliar analysis can establish what characteristic?
Soil PH
Cation exchange capacity (CEC)
Presence of nutrients in the plant
Organic matter level
Reverse osmosis between the soil and plant cells can be a result of which of the following conditions?
Excessive levels of potassium Excessive levels of potassium
Excessive levels of potassium
Shallow root system
Acidic soil PH
Hybrids are crossbreeding between species within what classification?
Genus
Order
Phylum
Class
What species subdivision is a result of human intervention for reproduction?
Forma
Variety
Subspecies
Cultivar
The structure of the leaf includes all of the following elements except:
Blade
Petiole
Midrib
Bud
What is not a twig pith structure used as an identifier?
Inverted
5-star
Chamber
Solid
What is not a defining indicator of determining tree quality?
Form
Health
Soil structure
Root system
What tree type listed below is best suited to be planted under utility lines?
Redbud
Maple
Redwood
Birch
What is not a factor associated with the determination of depreciated reproduction cost?
Functional limitations
Communal adjustments
External limitations
Condition ratings
What type of names may be trademarked?
Cultivar
Variety
Forma
Common
A conifer is being evaluated for identification. The needles are produced singularly and are sharp and square in appearance. What is most likely the type of conifer?
Pine
Spruce
Hemlock
None of the above
An increased growth rate in a tree is often associated with which of the following?
Decreased aesthetics
Lower final height
Shorter life spans
Greater susceptibility to disease
Naturalized species are those which:
Are native to the surrounding area
Have been introduced to a new environment and have become invasive to others
Have been introduced to a new environment and successfully reproduce
Are native to the surrounding environment and have survived newly introduced species
A red maple is a type of tree that may have the ability to survive in a wide range of climates and environmental conditions. What is the best way to describe this characteristic of the tree?
High acclimation
Low acclimation
High adaptability
Low Adaptability
What tree type is best suited for transplanting in the spring?
Pine
Maple
Fruit
Palm
What is the most appropriate size of the root ball?
Twice the diameter of the tree
Ten times the diameter of the tree
One half the height of the tree
10% of the tree height
If a traditional wire basket is used as protection for the root ball, what is the recommended amount of removal?
The top portion of the basket
The top half of the basket
The entirety of the basket
The basket may be left in its entirety
What statement below is true regarding the planting hole to accept a transplanted tree?
The hole shall be uniform width
The hole shall be wider on top
The hole shall be wider on bottom
The hole shall be widest in the middle
A tree is to be transplanted to an area with an existing soil structure of dense clay. What is the most appropriate modification to normal procedures?
Increase the size of the planting hole
Increase the size of the root ball
Add a layer of soft fill
Plant the tree at a shallower depth
Root pruning as a technique for better transplanting shall be done:
Only once before removal
Multiple times working in towards the tree
Multiple times working away from the tree
Only once after the tree is transplanted
According to the American Standard for Nursery Stock, deciduous shrub types are determined by which of the following metrics?
Height
Leaf type
Caliper
Root ball diameter
When transplanting palms what is a recommended difference from other tree types?
Provide a smaller root ball width
Void the use of burlaps
Allow for a time period in between cut and transplant
Use an inverted hole structure
When sweating is required as a preplanting procedure, what is the signifier for when the tree is ready for planting?
The interior temperature reaches the same as the ambient
Bud swelling is identified
Once 48 hours is reached
Once the roots have spread naturally
What is the appropriate temperature range for the storage of a bare-root tree?
0*F to 10*F
15*F to 25*F
32*F to 40*F
42*F to 48*F
What type of nursery stock is it acceptable to handle the tree by the stem?
Bare root
Containerized
Container grown
Balled and burlapped
What knot type has the disadvantage of the potential to roll out?
Tautline
Figure 8
Blake’s hitch
Girth hitch
A perched water table will occur in which of the following soil structures?
Gravel layer only
Fine-grained soil layer only
Fine-grained soil below gravel
Gravel below fine grained-soil
The use of tree spades in what type of soil requires the use of additional measures to prevent the effect of soil glazing on the root system?
Clay
Loam
Sand
Gravel
Tree guards have the common disadvantage of which of the following?
Promotes infestation
Girdling as the tree grows
Increases sun exposure
Holds in excessive moisture
What is not a minimum required element of providing a job briefing as per OSHA requirements?
Required PPE
Specific job procedures
Maximum allowable work hours
Identify possible hazards
What is not a worker’s right regarding personal safety?
Ability to determine working hours
Receive information and training about hazards
Right to review records of workplace injuries
File a complaint to have the workplace reviewed
PPE for sound must reduce noise exposure to what minimum decibel level?
90
110
120
150
What is not a correct requirement for chainsaw safety?
Fuel the saw at least 10 feet from ignition sources
The fuel container shall be either metal or plastic
The fuel container shall be at least 10 gallons
The engine is an appropriate size for the job
When using a chainsaw what is a prohibited act?
Tree on steep slopes
Tree requiring cut directly overhead
Trees with a potential to split
Trees with the presence of root rot
What woodchipper safety device guards against the hazard of an individual being pulled into the chipper?
Feed control bar
Bottom feed stop bar
Panic bar
Feed tray extension
A tree to be felled has a significant lean in a direction perpendicular to the slope direction of the ground. What is the most appropriate retreat path?
45* opposite the slope of the ground
45* opposite the lean of the tree
45* on the slope of the ground side
45* on the lean side
A tree is measured to have a diameter of 4 ft. What is the most appropriate hinge thickness for the felling operation?
2.5”
5.4”
8.5”
10.0”
What notch type is best suited for scenarios where the wood is to be used and maximizing material is a priority?
Open-faced notch
Humboldt notch
Conventional notch
None of the above
The minimum approach distance of construction equipment to power lines is determined by which of the following?
Whether or not the line is de-energized
The power line voltage
Communication vs. Power line
The contact by direct or indirect
What does not fall under the classification of an electrical conductor?
Overhead communication wires
Underground power lines
Underground communication lines
None of the above
What notch type is often associated with having to cut off the hinge after the tree has fallen?
Open-faced notch
Conventional notch
Humboldt notch
None of the above
What is not a safe practice when working with a woodchipper?
Feeding smaller pieces along with larger pieces
Remove all lose clothing or jewelry
Feed the butt end of the brush first
Feed from the front of the intake area
What is the maximum amount of days a worker can wait to file a complaint of non-compliance with OSHA?
15
30
45
60
When using overhead lifts, what is the limit for the maximum overreach?
The edge of the bucket
1 ft. Outside of the edge of the bucket
3 ft. Outside of the edge of the bucket
An arm’s length of the worker without any lean
What meristem is responsible for the production of the bark?
Cambium
Cork Cambium
Epidermis
Phelloderm
What is the minimum number of job briefings as per OSHA requirements?
One per job
One per day
One per job and if any changes occur
One per day and if any changes occur
Traffic control warning signs are placed a minimum distance from the work zone based on what factor?
Posted speed limit
Size of work zone
Number of trees to be removed
Classification of roadway type
A bend is a type of knot that performs which of the following functions?
Secure rope to an object
Used for climbing
Tie off branches being rigged
Joins two ropes together
A single cycle in determining the number of cycles to failure is defined as which of the following?
A day of work
A single activity
A complete lift and drop simultaneously
A single lift or drop
A rope has a tensile limit of 15,000 lbs. And uses a safety factor of 10. A tree branch is measured to weigh 300 pounds per ft. What is the maximum length of a branch that can be cut and rigged using the rope?
3’
5’
7’
10’
What is not a common shape type for carabiners?
Oval
D
O
Pear
What rigging equipment is not well suited for dynamic loading?
Connectors
Bollards
Blocks
None of the above
What is the appropriate bend ratio of the diameter of a sheave to the rope?
2:1
4:1
6:1
10:1
When using a chainsaw to make a drop cut, what is the recommended location of the top cut?
Directly above the undercut
Above the undercut
Below the undercut
No top cut is needed
A stopper knot is used to prevent against what type of failure?
Slippage
Equipment failure
Carabiner failure
Rollout
What is not an advantage of the use of blocks over running lines through the tree crotch?
Allow for larger cuts
Decrease dynamic loading
Reduce rope wear
Avoid damage to the tree
What type of knot is most effective to tie equipment to a climber’s line?
Midline clove hitch
Girth hitch
Figure-8
Timber hitch
What is not one of the five classifications of organs for plants?
Leaves
Stems
Buds
Fruit
What species of trees do not have secondary growth?
Oak
Palm
Pine
Flowering
What type of reproduction creates a genetically identical new plant?
Insect pollination
Seeds
Cuttings
Wind pollination
What component of the xylem is only present in hardwood trees?
Tracheids
Vessels
Fibers
Parenchyma cells
Growth rings are the product of which of the following?
Seasonal production of xylem
Annual production of cambium
Annual production of epidermis
Seasonal production of cortex
The waxy outer layer of the leaf is called which of the following?
Cuticle
Stomata
Epidermis
Palisade
What is not one of the main regions of the root structure?
Differentiation
Absorption
Elongation
Meristemic
Photosynthates are responsible for the sufficient production of all of the following except:
Amino acids
Oxygen
Fat
Proteins
A tree that alters its growth direction due to the effects of gravity is which of the following?
Auxins
Cytokinin
Phototropism
Geotropism
According to the Shigo compartmentalization process, Wall 1 performs which of the following functions?
Plugging of xylem vessels
Depositing of chemicals in the interior cells
Forming of new wood tissue
Activation of ray cells
What is the first layer that would be encountered after the bark of a tree?
Cambium
Xylem
Phloem
Cuticle
What plant type listed below reproduces by relying on wind pollination?
Pines
Pines
Fruit-bearing trees
Flowering trees
The process of roots absorbing water and carrying it up to the necessary areas of the tree begins with which of the following processes?
Osmosis
Respiration
Transpiration
Photosynthesis
What statement is true for the response of a tree to a wound?
Trees regenerate the area which is wounded
Trees protect and regenerate the area of the wound
Trees allow wounds to stay vulnerable
Trees do not regenerate the area of the wound
What is the main purpose for the use of cavity fillings when addressing the wound on a tree?
Aesthetics
Prevent the spread of disease
Prevent further structural impact
Protect against infestation
A branch collar forms in which of the following scenarios?
The branch is larger than the trunk
Codominant stems
The branch is smaller than the trunk
A branch collar forms randomly
What is the distance from the parent branch for the first cut of a three-cut method?
1’-2’
3’-4’
5’-6’
3”-6”
What element of a tree’s structure is not included in the bark?
Cortex
Cambium
Epidermis
Cork cells
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