A&P 3

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Anatomy & Physiology 3 Quiz

Test your knowledge of human anatomy and physiology with our comprehensive quiz designed for students, healthcare professionals, and quiz enthusiasts! Featuring 50 thought-provoking questions, this quiz covers essential topics about the nervous system, digestive system, hormones, and more.

Challenge yourself and see how much you really know! Here are some key features:

Multiple choice and checkbox format
Total of 50 questions
Detailed explanations for each question

50 Questions12 MinutesCreated by LearningPathway42

Which is true of spinal nerves?

Spinal nerves may be sensory

Spinal nerves may be mixed (sensory and motor fibres)

Spinal nerves may be motor

All of the above

Sympathetic stimulation results in

Relaxation of the bronchial muscle

Increased heart rate

Decreased motility of the stomach

All of the above

Cell bodies in the dorsal root ganglia are cell bodies of ...

Interneurones

Sensory AND motor neurones

Motor neurones

Sensory neurones

With respect to reflexes which of the following statements are FALSE?

Reflexes are constructed to have relatively few synapses.

Reflexes are 'hard-wired'.

Reflexes are usually protective.

Reflexes always terminate in skeletal muscle

With respect to the Parasympathetic Nervous System, which of the following is FALSE?

Has ganglia near to the spinal cord

Is termed the 'rest and digest' system

Is the 'cranial-sacral' division of the autonomic nervous system

May terminate in axons that release Acetyl Choline

Which of these is part of the efferent division of the peripheral nervous system?

Visceral sensory

Autonomic motor

Somatic sensory

Special sensory

Which of the following statements about the sympathetic nervous system is untrue?

Causes adrenalin release from the adrenal glands

The pre-ganglionic fibres are relatively short

It is sometimes described as the Thoraco-lumbar division of the autonomic nervous system

It is sometimes described as the 'Rest and Digest' division of the autonomic nervous system

Nodes of Ranvier are;

Gaps in a myelin sheath

Supporting cells within the peripheral nervous system

Extensions to cell dendrites

Vesicles released at the cell synapse

After the peak of the action potential, memmbrane potential is returned towards its resting potential by

An increase in potassium permeability.

All of the above.

An increase in sodium permeability.

An increase in chloride permeability.

Which of the following STIMULATES gastric acid production?

Drinking a glass of milk

Taking a Histamine (H2) receptor blocker e.g. Cimetidine, Ranitidine

Taking a Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI) e.g. Omeprazole

Cutting the Vagus nerve branch which serves the stomach.

Which of the following is NOT true of Gastrin?

Decreases gastric acid production

Increases gastrointestinal motility

Increases gastric enzyme secretion

Promotes the growth of gastro-intestinal mucosa

Which of the following hormones is NOT released from an Endocrine gland?

Oestrodiol (an Oestrogen)

Insulin

Thyroid hormone (T3 and T4)

Cortisol ( a glucocorticoid)

Which of the following are released from the adrenal medulla?

Catecholamines

Glucocorticoids

Mineralocorticoids

Adrenal Androgens

Excessive secretion of growth hormone by the pituitary gland in adults only, results in;

Graves disease

Gigantism

Acromegaly

Cretinism

Grave's disease results from antibodies adhering to the TSH receptor on the thyroid gland. Which of the following are true of plasma hormone concentrations.

TSH levels diminished; T3 and T4 levels elevated

TSH levels are elevated; T3 and T4 levels elevated

TSH levels are elevated; T3 and T4 levels diminished

TSH levels diminished; T3 and T4 levels diminished

A hormone that is bound to a plasma protein;

Is rapidly removed from the blood by the kidneys

Has a relatively short life

Is inactive in its bound state

Rapidly stimulates its target cells

Which pair of hormones are released from the POSTERIOR pituitary?

ADH (also known as Vasopressin) and Glucagon

Oxytocin and TRH

TRH and Glucagon

ADH (also known as Vasopressin) and Oxytocin

In an adult with loss of function of the left hemisphere, there is likely to be;

Normal speech

An involuntary tremor on the right side of the body

a paralysis of voluntary movement on the right side of the body

Loss of sensation on the left side of the body

The spinal cord feature associated with the bundle of nerves supplying the upper limbs is the

Brachial plexus

Cervical enlargement

Brachial enlargement

Lateral gray horns

The hypothalamus;

Lies in the mesencephalon

Secretes melatonin

Lies in an inferior position to the pituitary gland

Contains neurones specifically sensitive to a rise in temperature

The olfactory bulb forms part of which system in the brain;

Limbic system

Homeostatic system

Basal nuclei system

Reticular activating system

With respect to spinal reflexes;

The response only ever leads to the contraction of one muscle

Reflexes may be elicited if the dorsal roots are cut

Every reflex involves a synapse in the dorsal root ganglion

Every reflex involves at least one synapse in the spinal cord

Which one of the following is NOT a function of the hypothalamus?

Homeostatic control of internal eye pressure

Homeostatic control of fluid intake

Homeostatic control of blood temperature

Concerning the nervous system;

Destruction of the basal ganglia is without effect on voluntary movement

The motor command for a voluntary movement is initiated in the cerebral cortex

Increase in the strength of a stimulus to receptors in the skin leads to an increase in the amplitude of action potentials passing along the sensory nerve fibres

Destruction of the cerebellum is without effect on voluntary movement

Inflammation of the conjunctiva involves which of the following?

Glands that produce tears

Delicate membrane lining the eyelids and covering the front of the eyes

Circular band surrounding the pupil

Extrinsic eye muscles

The non-selective, passive process performed by the glomerulus that form blood plasma without blood proteins is called:

Filtration

Absorption

Secretion

Reabsorption

Regarding the renal circulation;

Kidneys receive about 10% of the resting cardiac output

Renal blood flow is maintained within narrow limits despite changes in arterial blood pressure

Increased activity in the renal sympathetic nerves results in increased blood flow to the kidneys

As cardiac output increases during exercise renal blood flow rises

Regarding the transport of glucose by the renal tubules;

In a healthy person, the distal tubules reabsorb all the filtered glucose

A transport maximum for glucose is about 36 mg min-1

In a healthy person, the proximal tubules reabsorb most of the glucose

Glucose is secreted in the urine in small quantities

Regarding the control of water balance by the kidneys;

Antidiuretic hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary in response to a decrease in the osmolarity of the blood

The renal medulla has an osmotic gradient that decreases from the border with the cortex to the renal papilla

A normal person cannot produce urine with an osmolarity greater than 300mOsmol.kg-1

Antidiuretic hormone acts on the P cells of the collecting ducts to increase their permeability to water

Which one of the following is NOT a substance typically reabsorbed by the tubules under normal healthy conditions?

Urea

Sodium

Glucose

Water

Concerning the cerebrospinal fluid;

It is formed at the rate of about 1.5 litres in 24 hours

Its osmolarity is about half that of plasma

It has a volume of about 150 mls

Its specific gravity is about half that of the brain

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