History quiz
J. Pierpont Morgan is distinguished from business leaders such as Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller because he was the only one:
Who had a rags-to-riches story.
who came from an elite, privileged background.
who made millions with his investments.
who supported unions.
who was foreign-born.
Why were mail cars connected to the Pullman cars during the Pullman strike?
to justify federal intervention to end the strike by allowing railroad executives to claim the strike interfered with the mail
to allow union leaders throughout the country to exchange correspondence during the strike
to enable the strikers to create as big a disruption as possible
to prevent anarchists from communicating with the strikers
to allow President Grover Cleveland to express his support for the union
For industrial workers in Gilded Age America:
forging a work permit for children was seen as taboo.
government regulations provided a safe work environment.
working and living conditions remained precarious.
real wages fell due to rising prices.
a forty-hour work week was the standard.
The invention of electric motors did all of the following EXCEPT:
contributed to the development of suburbs.
led to the development of elevators.
led to the bankruptcy of the Edison Electric Illuminating Company.
led to the development of streetcars.
made it possible for factories to locate wherever they wished.
The Knights of Labor allowed all occupations to join EXCEPT:
Doctors
Lawyers
policemen.
bankers.
those who sold liquor.
The Homestead strike:
reflected Henry Clay Frick’s compassion.
took place in Montana but involved other farmers on the Great Plains.
was a victory for the union.
was waged against a Carnegie company.
involved workers at the Homestead Tobacco Company.
Trusts” like Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Trust were vulnerable because they:
were forced to spend too much of their money on philanthropic endeavors.
were appealing targets for prosecution on the grounds of monopoly or restraint of trade.
controlled companies that had nothing to do with one another.
paid their various subsidiaries enormous and unjustified profits.
were often too large to earn a profit.
The American Federation of Labor:
was primarily concerned with securing concrete economic gains.
believed that unions with large numbers of immigrants hurt labor’s cause.
could claim as members almost half of all industrial workers in 1900.
was a federation of industrial unions; craft unions could not join until 1948.
was formed in 1869 but experienced most of its growth in the early years of the twentieth century.
The first transcontinental railroad:
was completed in 1844.
was built by the Central Pacific and the Union Pacific Railroads.
was John D. Rockefeller’s first business initiative.
led to the bankruptcy of “Commodore” Vanderbilt.
followed a southern route through Texas and the Arizona and New Mexico Territories.
Why was there a growth of craft unions during the Civil War?
Unskilled laborers were constitutionally prohibited from unionizing.
Craft unions would not have to admit the freedmen.
The end of slavery flooded the labor market with workers.
The American education system expanded dramatically during that period.
The war sparked an increased demand for skilled labor.
The Pennsylvania oil rush:
illustrated to many Americans that a dependence on oil might prove problematic in the future.
ended the monopoly in petroleum production that Oklahoma had enjoyed for a quarter of a century.
began in 1889.
gave J. Pierpont Morgan his start in business.
outweighed, in economic importance, the California gold rush of a decade before.
Jane Addams is best associated with:
supporting Mother Jones.
leading the Molly Maguires.
Hull-House.
Waters Street House.
Knights of Labor.
President Grover Cleveland’s response to the Pullman strike was to:
appoint Eugene Debs to his cabinet.
order George Pullman to restore his workers’ wages.
declare his sympathy for the strikers.
socialize the industry by allowing the government to manage the company.
send federal troops to keep the trains running.
The Great Railroad Strike of 1877:
did not have the support of the public at first, but as the strike (and its violence) spread, so did public sympathy for the strikers.
ended when the workers, who lacked organized bargaining power, returned to work.
began when Irish workers refused to work alongside Chinese.
won higher wages for railroad workers.
was led by Samuel Gompers.
Interconnected transportation and communications networks were essential to the origins of the Second Industrial Revolution in the United States because:
the South would have won the Civil War without them.
they facilitated the emergence of a national and even international markets for American goods and services.
they allowed Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell to travel abroad to study.
they provided Andrew Carnegie the opportunity to earn his fortune.
there would have been no immigration to the United States without them.
When it came to steel, Andrew Carnegie did all the following EXCEPT:
hire men of expert ability to help him run his business.
sell it.
promote it.
have technical expertise in it.
know how to organize a steel company.
The greatest growth of the Knights of Labor took place:
under the leadership of Terence Powderly, when the union had several strikes against the railroads.
in 1875, when the federal government outlawed the use of violence against union members.
under the leadership of Uriah S. Stephens.
after the Wobblies split the NLU.
as a result of the Great Railroad Strike of 1877.
During the Gilded Age, the rich were getting richer and:
rags-to-riches stories abounded.
many other people were at least better off.
there were no disparities in the distribution of wealth.
the poor were getting poorer.
everyone was getting rich.
All of the following factors helped accelerate economic growth after the Civil War EXCEPT:
the abundance of natural resources in the United States.
innovative, bold leadership from energetic entrepreneurs.
the development of labor-saving machinery.
federal and state policies aimed at limiting foreign competition.
the use of prison labor by railroad companies.
How did the American Federation of Labor differ from the Knights of Labor?
The AFL was a federation of national organizations, each of which retained a large degree of autonomy, while the Knights organization was more centralized.
The AFL was affiliated with Republicans, while the Knights supported Democrats.
The AFL had no national leader, while the Knights looked to Terence Powderly.
The AFL was controlled by anarchists, while the Knights were statists.
The AFL was socialist while the Knights were capitalists.
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