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Gastrointestinal Health Quiz

Test your knowledge of gastrointestinal health and physiology with our comprehensive quiz! This quiz includes 30 carefully crafted multiple-choice questions that cover various aspects of digestion, nutrient absorption, and gastrointestinal disorders.

Whether you're a student, a healthcare professional, or simply curious about how your digestive system works, this quiz is designed to challenge and educate.

30 Multiple Choice Questions
Focus on GI Function and Disorders
Ideal for Healthcare Students and Professionals

30 Questions8 MinutesCreated by DigestiveGuru247

A 19-year-old woman visits her physician because of nausea, diarrhea, light headedness, and flatulence. The physician administers 50 g of oral lactose at time zero, and measures breath hydrogen every 30 min for 3 hr using a hand-held monitor. The results are shown above. Which of the following best describes this patient’s condition?

Compared to plasma, saliva has the highest relative concentration of which of the following ions under basal conditions?

Bicarbonate

Chloride

Potassium

Sodium

Biopsies are taken from the antral and duodenal mucosa of a 65-year-old woman. Which of the following hormones can be found in tissue homogenates from both locations?

A 10-year-old boy consumes a cheeseburger, fries, and chocolate shake. The meal stimulates the release of several gastrointestinal hormones. The presence of fat, carbohydrate, or protein in the duodenum stimulates the release of which of the following hormones from the duodenal mucosa

Which of the following hormones is released by the presence of fat and protein in the small intestine and has a major effect to decrease gastric emptying?

A clinical experiment is conducted in which one group of subjects is given 50 g of glucose intravenously and another group is given 50 g of glucose orally. Which of the following factors can explain why the oral glucose load is cleared from the blood at a faster rate compared to the intravenous glucose load? (CCK, cholecystokinin; GLIP, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide; VIP, vasoactive intestinal peptide)

The cephalic phase of gastric secretion accounts for about 30% of the acid response to a meal. Which of the following can totally eliminate the cephalic phase of gastric secretion?

Migrating motility complexes (MMC) occur about every 90 min between meals and are thought to be stimulated by the gastrointestinal hormone, motilin. An absence of MMCs causes an increase in which of the following?

Mass movements constitute an important intestinal event that lead to bowel movements. Mass movements cause which of the following?

An 82-year-old woman with upper abdominal pain and blood in the stool has been taking NSAIDS for arthritis. Endoscopy revealed patchy gastritis throughout the stomach. Biopsies were negative for Helicobacter pylori. Pentagastrin administered intravenously would lead to a less than expected (i.e., less than normal) increase in which of the following?

A 68-year-old woman with hematemesis has heartburn and stomach pain. Endoscopy shows inflammation involving the gastric body and antrum as well as a small gastric ulcer. Biopsies were positive for Helicobacter pylori. H. Pylori damages the gastric mucosa primarily by increasing mucosal levels of which substance?

A 45-year-old man presents with abdominal pain and hematemesis. An abdominal exam was relatively benign, and abdominal x-rays were suggestive of a perforated viscus. Endoscopy revealed a chronically perforated gastric ulcer, through which the liver was visible. Which of the following is a forerunner to gastric ulcer formation?

A 19-year-old man is fed intravenously for several weeks following a severe automobile accident. The intravenous feeding leads to atrophy of the gastrointestinal mucosa most likely because the blood level of which of the following hormones is reduced?

Eating a meal leads to a large increase in gastric acid secretion that peaks within about 5 min and returns to normal about 4 hr after a meal is taken. How long after a meal does the pH of the gastric contents reach its lowest level (in hours)?

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disorder of the exocrine glands, affecting children and young people. Mucus in the exocrine glands becomes thick and sticky and eventually blocks the ducts of these glands (especially in the pancreas, lungs, and liver), forming cysts. A primary disruption in the transfer of which ion across cell membranes occurs in CF leading to decreased secretion of fluid?

Mass movements are often stimulated after a meal by distention of the stomach (gastrocolic reflex) and distention of the duodenum (duodenocolic reflex). Mass movements often lead to which of the following?

A 45-year-old man adds lots of high-fiber wheat and bran foods to his diet to reduce his cholesterol. He loses 30 lb on the new diet, but has undesirable side effects such as stomach cramps, flatulence, and diarrhea. His gastroenterologist diagnoses a syndrome called gluten-enteropathy or celiac sprue. Which of the following is decreased in this man?

A 57-year-old man is admitted as an emergency for upper GI bleeding. Endoscopy reveals multiple ulcers in the duodenum. Serum gastrin levels are eight-fold higher compared to normal. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES, gastrinoma) is suspected. Administration of which of the following substances is useful in confirming the diagnosis?

A 71-year-old man with upper abdominal pain and blood in the stool takes NSAIDS for the pain and washes it down with whiskey. Pentagastrin administration produced lower than predicted levels of gastric acid secretion. Secretion of which of the following substances is most likely to be diminished in this patient with gastritis?

The gastric phase of gastric secretion accounts for about 60% of the acid response to a meal. Which of the following can virtually eliminate the secretion of acid during the gastric phase?

A 53-year-old man with a recurrent history of ulcer disease associated with diarrhea and a strong family history of duodenal ulcer disease is suspected of having Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gastrinoma). Secretin (2 units/kg) was given as a rapid intravenous injection to test for gastrinoma. Which of the following results would support the existence of gastrinoma following secretin administration?

Decreased serum gastrin

Increased serum gastrin

Inhibition of gastric acid secretion

Inhibition of gastric emptying

Stimulation of pancreatic HCO3− secretion

Damage to the gastric mucosal barrier is a forerunner of gastric ulcer. Which of the following can both damage the gastric mucosal barrier and stimulate gastric acid secretion?

Gastric emptying is regulated to ensure the chyme enters the duodenum at an appropriate rate. Which of the following factors promotes gastric emptying?

Cystic fibrosis is the most common cause of pancreatitis in children. Which of the following best explains the mechanism of cystic fibrosis–induced pancreatitis?

The control of gastric acid secretion in response to a meal involves several events that take place over a 4- or 5-hr period following the meal. These events include (1) a decrease in the pH of the gastric contents, (2) an increase in the rate of acid secretion, (3) a decrease in the rate of acid secretion, and (4) an increase in the pH of the gastric contents. Which of the following best describes the correct temporal order of events over a 4- or 5-hr period following a meal?

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