Hesi pt. 4
Veterinary Knowledge Assessment
Test your expertise in veterinary medicine with our comprehensive quiz designed for pet professionals and enthusiasts alike. With 105 rigorous questions, you will challenge your understanding of surgical procedures, anesthesia practices, and veterinary care.
Whether you are looking to refresh your knowledge or prepare for certification, this assessment will help you:
- Evaluate your veterinary competence
- Identify areas for further study
- Engage with fellow veterinary professionals
If blood samples are collected with a serum separator tube for therapeutic drug monitoring which will most likely be detected at falsely lowered levels?
Prednisolone
Phenobarbital
Meloxicam
Carprofen
In which animal is an absolute reticulocyte count not useful in assessing the bone marrow response to anemia?
Horse
Cat
Dog
Which sulcus depth should be charged as a pocket for a 6year old beagle?
6mm
4mm
9mm
While under general anesthesia, a Labrador retriever’s gum are pressed and released and the color does not return for 4 seconds. Which condition is the most likely cause?
Hypothermia
Hypoxia
Dehydration
The bucal surface of a tooth located next to which area?
Maxillary
Mandibular
Cheek
Which is the first step in any surgical procedure?
Complete the patient’s medial record
Physical exam
IV Catheter
During which stage of anesthesia do the eyes start to rotate from a central position into a ventromedial position?
Stage III
Stage III: surgical anesthesia/plane 1
Stage II: Plane IIII
Which is the minimum time and temperature standard for sterilization is using an autoclave?
121C for 13 minutes
110c for 15 minutes
45F for 7 minutes
Which radiographic phenomenon occurs when the x-ray beam is not perpendicular to the lung axis of the anatomic part?
Fast
Shadow
Elongation
Which statement regarding the interpretation of a chemistry panel is true?
Dehydration may falsely elevate the hematocrit and total protein levels
PCV
Dehydration elevated the hematocrit and total protein levels
Which is the best method for decreasing personnel exposure to ionizing radiation when performing a ventrodorsal pelvic radiograph on a canine ?
Lateral view
Use a v-tray
Dorsal
Which type of drape is used at the periphery of the prepared area to isolate the unprepared portion of the animal?
Field
Towel drape
Surgical
A reptile patient has an optimal temperature zone of 24-30c. The ambient temperature of the room is 65F. How should the veterinary technician manage this situation?
Initially assess the status of patient
He should still be provided with a heat gradient
Surgical remove abcess
During surgery, a veterinary technician notices that the rebreathing Bag is overly
Hole in rebreathing bag or tubing
Oxygen is too high
Breathing is too low
At which body weight is it necessary to attach a dog to a non-rebreathing system for anesthesia during surgery?
20kg
10kg
5kg
The veterinarian has ordered a chlorhexidine rinse and a foot bath for a dog with a superificial yeast infection. How much 4% chlorhexidine will be needed to make a gallon of 1% chlorhexidine rinse and foot bath?
1000 ml
1 gallon
One quart
Drug metabolism primarily occurs at which site?
Kidney
Liver
Trachea
A 3.5kg make, neutered cat presents after dropping from a top a 5 story building. The patient is pale with a rapid heart rate and a slightly increased respiratory rate, but ausculation reveals no heart or lungs abnormalities. A radiograph of the chest and abdomen reveals a diaphragmatic hernia, but no sign of fluid in either cavity. The doctor orders a shock dose of fluids. Which of the fluids and rates below best match the needs of this cat?
Hestarch @30ml/hr and normal saline @140ml/hr
Hestarch @3ml/hr and normal saline @70ml/hr
An owner calls in a panic, as she feels her horse suffered a fractured cannon bone. Her local vet has provided the leg some stability with a splint and a Robert jones bandage, but now she needs to transfer the horse to the critical care facility. How should the vet tech advise the owner to transport the horse?
In a trailer w/parturitions; head loosely tied and to the rear of the trailer
In a trailer with parturitions; head tightly tied to front of trailer
Horse loose no partitioners
A dog presents with a fracture of the right scapula. The owner declines surgical fixation. Which bandaging technique should the veterinary technician employ to immobilize the scapula?
Velpeau sling
Robert Jones
No bandage
What is the third eyelid present in domestic animals?
Nictitating membrane
Conjunctivitis
Sclera
Which specimen for microbial testing must be submitted under refrigeration?
Blood
Urine by cystocentesis
Fecal exam
A Labrador retriever puppy presents for a physical examination prior to his last set of vaccinations. He has a palpable ribs, but they cannot be visialized. A moderate waist is den when viewed from above and laterally. The puppy is currently consuming 1.5 cups of large breed growth formula per day. Which dietary recommendation is best for this patient?
The patients weight is ideal and the owner should maintain 1.5 cups per day & come in for regular weight checks
The patients weight is ideal and the owner should maintain 1.5 cups per day until 1 year of age
The patient is underweight
Which level of stage III anesthesia is optimal for most surgical procedures?
Plane 1
Plane 2
Plane 3
The veterinarian has requested radiographs of tooth 208. Which is the most appropriate technique for obtaining this radiograph?
W/ the central ray directed at the posterior maxillary bisecting angle from the lateral aspect and an oblique radiograph
Posterior maxillary bisecting technique
A 10 month old dog is hospitalized for vomiting. Physical exam findings revel a CRT of 3 sec and dry mucous membranes. A check of skin turgor indicates some inelasticity. What level of dehydration is most consistent with these findings?
7%
11%
5%
<5%
What specific gravity range enables a fecal flotation solution to effectively separate parasitic material from heavier fecal Debris?
1.2 to 1.25g/ml
1.5ml
100ml to 2g
A greyhound shows sings of hypovolemic shock after extensive blood & plasma loss from burns suffered when he was injured in an explosion. Which treatment will most effectively manage hypovolemia in this patient?
Colloid expander, 10-20ml/kg IV
Furosemide 1-2mg/kg IV
A 6yr old intact female dachshund presents febrile, anorexic, vomiting, polyuric, & polydipsic. The last heat cycle was 1 month prior to presentation. There is no vaginal discharge. These signs are most consistent with which condition?
Closed pyometra
Pyelonephritis
Polyuria
How should the veterinary technician classify a dog who has a short upper jaw and normal length?
Brachygnasthism
Brachycephalic
Dolycephalic
Which blood type cross match can cause a lethal reaction in cats?
AB cat receives A blood
B cat receives AB
AB receives B
A recieves AB
Which is the most common adverse clinic signs associated with opioid use?
Hyperventilation
Hypotension & respiratory depression
Hypotension
Which stage of anesthesia is most frequently associated with an agonal pattern of ventilation?
Stage II
Stage III
Stage IV
Which cells, is found on examination of urine sediment, would indicate that the urine sample likely a voided sample ?
White cells
Red blood cells
Squamous
Which acronym refers to a document that contains information regarding the safe use and storage of products that contain potentially hazardous chemicals?
OSHA
MSDS
DEA
The veterinary technician is setting up in preparation for an abdominal exploratory to be done on a 55lb laborador retriever. Which retractor if the most appropriate for the surgeon?
Gelpi
Balfour
Rongeur
The veterinarian requests medication for a horse with inflammatory colic brough on by atropine administration for a Corneal ulcer. Which treatment regimen is the best option for this patient?
Firocoxib, 2.2mg/kg q24h
Euthanize
Firocoxib 2.2mg/kg tid
Which pharmaceutical or biological product should be slowly agitated instead of shaken?
Insulin
Protamine zinc insulin
Propofol
What is the time value percentage decrease in drug concentration that describes a drug’s half life of elimination?
25%
100%
50%
What produces a reversible loss of sensation and is associated with unconsciousness?
Local anesthesia
Sedation
General anesthesia
In which animal is a cuffed endotracheal tube contraindicated?
Cat
Horse
Parrot
Which common anesthetic risk in ruminants can lead to circulatory compromise during surgery?
Intestinal
Bloat
A patient’s heart rate drops to dangerous levels during an anesthetic procedure. The animal does not have an IV in place. To ensure a successful outcome, which medication should be administered through the endotracheal tube?
Atropine
Epinephrine
Lidocaine
Which agent used in companion animals is only available as a compounded drug since was removed form the U.S. market?
Ketamine
Methylene
Cisapride
Which is the best option for cleaning radiograph if intensifying screens?
Commercial solution
Hot water
Autoclave
Which is the most essential step in performing a skin scraping for diagnosing demodicosis?
Getting crust only
Scraping until capillary blood oozes
Use the tap/slide method
Which type of forceps are considered atraumatic and used in clamping off bowel and delicate tissues?
Doyen
Metzenbaum
Mayo
Forceps
When using inhalant anesthetic agents, what is referred as the carrier gas? What is the gas carrier for inhalant anesthetic agents ?
Spo2
Scavenger
Oxygen
Which diagnostic imaging technique uses a non ionizing energy source to create an anstomic image?
Magnetic resonance imaging
Elogination
Which technique is preferred when examining a fecal sample for protozoal
Skin scrape
Direct smear
Fecal float
A 7yr old intact female golden retriever presents with polyuria, Polydipsia, and vomiting. The last estrus was 6 weeks prior to presentation. Upon abdominal radiography
Progesterone
Estrogene
How should a periodontal probe be held in relation to the long axis… the depth of a pocket or sulcus?
As close to horizontal with the side of the probe tip in the contact with the tooth
As for away as possible
As close to parallel as possible, with the side of the probe tip in contact with the tooth
A young llama is assessed for a possible ventricular septal defect, as evidence… murmur and mild cyanosis of the mucous membrane. Which condition is being experienced?
Nonexcessive concentration of dexoyhemoglobin in the blood
Excessive concentration of dexoyhemoglobin in the blood
Which parasite is routinely using the cellophane tape preparation?
Taenia
Oxyuris
Cestoda
What is one cause of hypercapnia?
Hypothermia
Hyperventilation
Hypoventilation
Which test is performed to determine the number of parasite eggs per gram of feces?
McMaster technique
ELISA
Fecal test
In order to control plaque and calculus, which is the best recommendation for a chewing aid on toy?
Plaque removing chews
Food
A canine patient presents with a stick penetrating the right side of the thorax. While waiting in the triage area, the client removes the stick from the patients check. The patient immediately goes into respiratory failure. Which is the most likely cause for the patients rapid deterioration?
Punctured Lung
Pneumothorax
Hypothyroidism
A canine patient is exhibiting the following clinical sings under anesthesia: pupil central and dilated, irregular breathing pattern, heart rate below 60bpm, systolic blood pressure 55mmHg. These clinical signs are consistent with which stage of anesthesia?
Stage II
Stage IV
Stage III, plane III
Stage III, plane I
Which is an indication that an animal is going into shock during anesthesia?
Respiratory rate of 20 per minute in a cat
Surgical
Papilar réflex
Which is the best method to dispose of a drug that becomes expired?
Throw it in the trash
Send it back to the manufacturer
Throw it down the drain
Which portion of the sterile technicians gown is considered part of the sterile field?
The full gown
Front from shoulders to the level of the surgery table
Just the back
A dog has a 55mm 3 erthyematous module on the nictitans OS. The lesion is pruritc and has a serosanguinous discharge. How should the veterinary technician describe this lesion for the client?
A small, red nodule on the left third eyelid that causes itching and a reddish- colored discharge
Pyometra
To properly maintain the sterile field, the circulating surgical technician is allowed to perform which procedure?
Helping them with the surgery
Assist the sterile surgical technician by tying their gown
Assist the veterinarian
Where is the green blood pressure cuff placed on a patient?
Tarsus
Carpus
Metatarus
Which factor will confirm the presence of glaucoma?
Increased intraocular pressure (IOP)
Insulin
Which characteristic of propofol makes it a safe choice for anesthetic induction in sight hounds?
It decreases intracranial pressure
It exhibits antiemetic properties
It is only available as an IV injectable
It does not have a cumulative effect
When assessing adipose tissue accumulation using a 9 point body condition scoring system, what percentage of body weight does each point represent ?
15 to 25%
15 to 20%
25-30%
10-15%
Which route are enternal fluids admnistered?
Intraosseous
Nasogastric
SQ
IV
Which patients should always receive probiotic therapy during treatment with beta lactam antibiotics?
Cats
Horses
Dogs
A golden retriever presents with severe weakeness and lethargy. Echocardiography reveals a decompensated phase of cardiac compression as a result of rapid, abnormal fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac. Which is the initial treatment of choice to rapidly stabilize this patient?
Pyometra
Pericardiocentesis
Surgery
A owner brings a pet macaw into the clinic after the sudden onset of behavioral changes, including increase aggression on approach, picking out feathers from the right side of its chest, and destroying its own plumage add the veterinary tech approaches the cage, the macaw engages in guarding behavior touching its head under its right wing and turning its left shoulder toward the handler. What does this behavior indicate?
Protective of home
Aggressive
Pain at a specific site on the body
Which treatment should be added to the pain management protocol of a Canine, in addition to an ovariohysterectomy, is now having a fractured 4th upper prro molar extraction?
Lidocaine IV
Buprenorphine IM with a sedative 30 min before procedure
Butorphanol IM with a sedative 30 min before procedure
Which solution should the veterinary technician use when calibrating a refractometer?
Distilled water at 70F
Distilled water at 50F
Chlorehex at 70F
What are the most commonly used immunosuppressive drugs in vet med?
NSAIDS
Glucocorticoids
Apha 2
A female pit bull under anesthesia is receiving 2 liters of oxygen & 2% isoflurane. Withdrawal and canthal reflexes are not detected, the pupils are beginning to dilate, and pulse oximeter reads 99%. Respiratory rate is 4breath/min heart rate is 45beats/min and mucous membranes are pink. The surgery required additional time, but the surgeon is concerned that she is too deep in anesthesia. Due to the signs and symptoms, which condition is most likely occuring?
Dead
Nuerotoxic shock
Hypovolemic
Which is required on prescriptions for controlled substances?
Client number
Pets name
Dea number
Which endocrine disease is most common in felines ?
Cancer
Hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Which position is best for obtaining a radiograph of the left humerus in a canine patient ?
Left lateral recumency with the limb extended in a cranioventral direction
Right lateral recumency with the limb extended in a cranioventral direction
Left lateral
Which drug may be administered concomitant ly with IV hydromorphone to produce nueroleptanalgesia anesthesia for a feline surgery, especially for a painful procedure?
Butorphanol
Atipamezol
Naloxone
Acepromazine
Which anesthesia indication agent is most difficult for a sighthound to metabolize?
Bendodiazepam
Butorphanol
Thiopental
Which complication is likely to results from gastric dilation and Volvous?
Bradycardia
Tachycarida
Asystole
Heartblock
Which scenario produces chemical artifacts resulting in dull images lacking contrast ?
Developer temperature is too warm
Developer temperature is too cold
Fixer is exhausted
Fixer is over concentrated
Which method of sterilization is preferred for heat-sensitive endoscopy tubes?
Autoclave
Dish washer
Ethylene oxide
Which response should the vet tech give to a client who calls to ask if acetaminophen may be given to a cat that has recently undergone an onychectomy?
Instruct the client that the acetaminophen is not to be administered
Instruct the client that the acetaminophen is to be administered
A cat with hyperthyroidism and moderate to significant weight loss is prepped for surgery. She is given the tranquilizer acetylpromazine before anesthesia induction? Which condition should the anesthetist be especially diligent to recognize during surgery?
Hypoxia
Hypertherima
Hypothermia
What is the function of a pulse oximeter?
Administers oxygen
Detects pulse
Detects changes in oxygen in saturation of hemoglobin
Which procedure is most effective when collecting a serum blood sample from a canine?
Clot formation for 20-30min than centrifuge for 10min
Clot formation for 20-30min than centrifuge for 5min
Which drug is the veterinarian most likely to order for the treatment of status epilépticus?
Phenobarbital
Potassium bromide
Primadone
Diazepam
How long should a cat fast prior to abdominal surgery?
10min
8-12 hours
24 hours
Which reagent is Used to perform a bacterial catalase test?
3% hydrogen peroxide
Chlorehexidine scrubs
Diluted chlorehexidine
When prescribing medication for a hospitalized snake, the veterinarian requests parenternal administration as opposed to the per os route. Which route should be used to deliver the prescribed drug therapy?
IV
Rectal
Inhalation
Sublingual
Which wave on the lead II ECG corresponds to atrial depolarization
T wave
Pcv
P wave
The veterinarian has ordered ciprofloxacin ophthalmic drops 2gtt OS qid. How should the prescription label be written?
2 gtt in the left eye 4 times a day
2 drops in the left eye 4 times a day
Which statement is true of insulin therapy in obese cats?
Urine testing of a pooled sample is adequate to monitor glucose levels in newly diagnosed patients
As the car loses weight, insulin requirements will increase
Most patients can be left unsupervised for long periods without risk of adverse effect
Some cats can be weaned off insulin once their target weight is reached
Which term best describes the purpose of meloxicam administration prior to an ovariohysterectomy?
Pre anesthetic
Premedication
Preemptive analgesia
According to the Colorado state university pain scale, which score mesns the patients psi has been managed effictivy?
3
0
5
Which drug regimen is used preoperatively to enhance surgical hemostasis in patients with mild to moderate von willebrand disorder?
DDAVP (decompression) within 30min after administration and may last for up to 4 hours
DDAVP 30min before surgery
A number of chickens on a poultry farm begin to exhibit syptoms of pleuritis. Subsequent lab analysis of the flock indicates 40ppm levels of ammonia in both symptomatic and asysmptomstic birds. Which is the most likely cuase of plueritis in this case?
Poor ventilation with unhealthy levels of urea in the living environment
Poor ventilation
Which technique is most effective for differentiating dirofilaria immitis from dipetaloenma reconditum?
Di-Fil
Buffy coat
Blood smear
Modified knotts
During IV infusion of furosemide for management of pulmonary edema, which parameters must be monitored?
Acid-base status
Urine output and urine specific gravity
BP to maintain systolic of 100-120 mmHg and urine output of 0.5- 1.5ml/kg/hr
Hydration and electrolyte concentration
A 1yr old, intact female dog is admitted to the hospital for a spay surgery. The only abnormality dectected during the physical exam is mild dehydration. Which ASA physical status classification is correct for this patient ?
P4
P2
P1
P3
Which neurons are the primary target of a ring block for an onychectomy?
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Motor
Sensory
Which anesthetic agent causes hypertension?
Diazepam
Propofol
Ketsmine
Isoflurane
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