Unit 5
A nurse is caring for a patient with a stroke that has impacted her ability to see. Which area of the brain was likely impacted by the stroke that is responsible for visual function?
Parietal lobes
Frontal lobes
Occipital lobes
Temporal lobes
The family of a patient who was in a motor vehicle accident tells you he "just isn't the same person before the crash." You know this is likely because the injury to what area of his brain?
Parietal lobes
Frontal lobes
Occipital lobes
Temporal lobes
The nurse educating the family of a patient in the ICU about the pt's cognitive status, including her current problem of delirium. Which statement by the family indicates a need for further education?
The delirium can be caused by a sensory overload
The delirium is reversible
The delirium is a mood disorder
The delirium is a state of confusion
The nurse is caring for patient with depression. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further education?
Depression can be caused by chemical changes in brain
Depression is always treated with medication
Depression is a mood disorder
Depression can have a rapid onset
Nurse notices her 50 year old patient is holding their lunch menu at arms length while trying to read their choices. This is an indication of?
Retinopathy
Presbyopia
Catacts
Macular degeneration
An appropriate goal for the patient with the diagnosis of acute confusion is?
The patient will use the call light before getting out of bed within 48 hours
The patient will use a calendar to remember the date within 48 hours
The patient will response appropriately to questions about place within 48 hours
The patient will remain within the unit until long-term care
An appropriate goal for a patient with a diagnosis of social isolation is?
The patient will participate in cognitive exercises
The patient will interact with other residents during activities
The patient will communicate basic needs through use of photos
The patient will remain within unit while in long-term care
The nurse is educating the family to care for a patient at home with cognitive alterations. Which statement by the family indicates a need for further education?
I should keep the home free of scissors
I should minimize the number of visitors
I should use push-button door locks
24 hour supervision may become necessary
The nurse is delegating care to a unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to a patient who has sensory overload. Which statement by the UAP indicates a need for further orientation?
I should keep the noise levels low
I should schedule all the care together
I should keep the room well it
I should allow family to visit
The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a patient with visual alterations. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further education?
I should make sure the passageways are wide
I should remove all the throw rugs
I should keep the lights dim
I can use a cane to feel for objects in front of me
The nurse is completing her assessment of an older adult and notices some cognitive impairment not normally associated with aging. Which of these alterations would prompt further follow-up? (Select all that apply)
The patient does not remember where her son lives
The patient is unable to balance her checkbook
The patient got lost in a city she never traveled to before
The patient often has difficulty remembering words
The patient got lost going to her usual grocery store
You are giving education to the family of a patient being discharged with dementia. Which statement by the family indicates a good level of understanding of dementia? (Select all that apply)
The condition is permanent but has an acute onset
Alzheimer's is the most common type of dementia
The condition worsens over time
I should observe for wandering behavior
Agitation can be worse in the evening
The nurse is caring for patient who suffered a stroke on the right side of the brain. The nurse is careful to implement what safety measures? (Select all that apply)
Make sure to pit a picture board in the room to communicate with the patient
Place the call light on patient's left side
Leave on a light in the bathroom at night for good visibility
Place the call light on the patient's right side
Make sure there are no trip hazards in the patient's room
The nurse is performing a health history to determine the patient's cognitive status. Which questions will be best suited to elicit the information needed? (Select all that apply)
Are you able to drive to the store or do errands?
Do you live with anyone?
Do you ever feel sad?
Are you able to smell different foods?
Have you noticed any difficulty adding up numbers?
The nurse is performing a health history to determine the patient's sensory status. Which questions will be best suited to elicit the information needed? (Select all that apply)
Do you ever lose your balance?
Do you wear glassess?
Do you read the newspaper?
Can you feel the difference between hot and cold water?
Do you wear a hearing aid?
The nurse is caring for a diabetic patient who has a long history of poor glucose control. For what complications is the patient at risk for? (Select all that apply)
Sudden loss of consciousness
Diabetic retinopathy
Stroke
Peripheral neuropathy
Memory loss
The nurse is caring for patient who is hospitalized with cognitive impairment. The following interventions will assist the patient in orientation? (Select all that apply)
Keep a photo of the family in the room
Use a clock on the wall
Make sure the room is kept bright and well lit
Avoid moving patient from room to room
Have the nurse introduce himself or herself to the patient
The nurse is caring for a patient with expressive aphasia. Which interventions will assist the nurse in communicating with the patient? (Select all that apply)
Use simple phrases
Speak loudly
Use YES/NO questions
Use a picture board
Be patient and unrushed
The nurse is preparing discharge instructions for a patient with tactile alterations in his legs. Which instructions should be included? (Select all that apply)
Verify bath water temperature is approximately 39.5C
Do not use hot or cold therapy on any extremity
Use sturdy shoes when walking outside or on hard surfaces
Report any changes in skin color on your legs to your health care provider
Set your water heater so that scalding is not possible
The nurse is preparing discharge instructions for a patient who has equilibrium alterations. Which instructions should be included? (Select all that apply)
Use grab bars in the rub and/or shower at home
Keep rooms well lit and focus ahead when walking
Change positions quickly to avoid dizziness
Use a cane or walker for stability
Ride in the back seat of the car and look ahead
The nurse is implementing generalized fall precautions for patients who are at risk for falls. Which intervention indicates a lack of understanding of these precautions?
The bed is placed in the lowest position
The patient is wearing socks
The patients cellphone is by the bedside table
The patient's call light is within reach
The nurse is performing range-of-motion exercises on a patient when the patient begins to complain of pain. What is the first thing the nurse should do?
Notify the health care provider
Hyperextend the joint
Stop the range of motion
Switch to active range of motion
The nurse recognizes which goal to be appropriate for the patient who is postoperative day one from a hip fracture with the nursing diagnosis 'Impaired Mobility'?
Patient will interact with others
Patient will ambulate to the bathroom with assistance
Patient will have no skin breakdown
Patient will have a physical therapy consult
The nurse is providing education to the patient about isometric exercises. Which statement by the patient indicates a good understanding of these exercises?
Walking
Running
Kegels
Weight lifting
Which explanation by the nurse best describes active assistive range of motion?
The patient independently moves all joints
The patient partially moves all joints
The caregiver must move the patient's joints
The patient performs isotonic exercises
The nurse delegated to the UAP to assist a patient with ambulating in the hallway with a cane. Which statement by the UAP indicates a need for further education?
I should report any complaints of soreness to the nurse
I should watch for indications that the patient has difficulties using the cane
I should let the nurse or PT know if the cane doesn't seem to fit correctly
I should teach the patient how to walk with the cane
The nurse is teaching a patient about ways to decrease risk of bone fractures. Which statements by the patient indicate a good understanding of decreasing this risk? (Select all that apply)
I should do weight-bearing exercises
I should get adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D
I should exercise regularly
I need to do yoga exercises
I wish I could reduce my risk but I can't
The nurse is correctly assisting the patient in using a cane when the patient demonstrates which activities??
The top of the cane is level with the patient's bent elbow
The patient holds the cane on his/her weaker side
The patient moves the cane forward first
The patient's arm is comfortabley bent when walking
The patient moves the strong leg forward first
The nurse identifies that knee-high SCD sleeves are correctly placed on the patient when which conditions are met? (Select all that apply)
Both sleeves are connected to the SCD device
Two fingers fit inside when the SCD's are inflated
There are no kinks in tubing
The ankle pressure is 55 to 65 mmHg
The cooling control is on
The nurse is correctly demonstrating the use of a transfer belt when engaging in which actions? (Select all that apply)
The belt is placed around the patient's hips
The belt is secure, leaving only enough room for the nurse to grasp the belt
The nurse stands on the weaker side
The nurse holds the belt on the side of the patient
The nurse stands behind the patient while ambulating
A patient complains of shoulder pain during a gallbladder attack. How does the nurse document this pain?
Referred pain
Phantom pain
Chronic pain
Psychogenic pain
The patient who had surgery to remove part of the intestines is complaining of pain. What type of pain is the patient experiencing?
Somatic pain
Visceral pain
Referred pain
Radiating pain
Which symptom does the nurse recognize as a physiologic response to acute pain?
Increased blood pressure
Decreased pulse
Increased temperature
Restlessness
The nurse is checking on the patient after administering pain medications 30 minutes previously. Which assessment finding best indicates to the nurse that the pain medication was effective?
The patient is sleeping quietly
The patient states a reduction of pain
The patients respirations are slow and regular
The patient's blood pressure has returned to baseline
The nurse is caring for a patient who has severe abdominal pain caused by acute cholecystitis. The nurse recognizes which type of pain is this patient experiencing?
Visceral pain
Somatic pain
Radiating pain
Referred pain
The nurse identifies which patient to be best suited for PCA analgesia?
A patient who is confused after a head injury
A patient recovering from total hysterectomy surgery
A patient who has severe psychogenic pain
A patient with arthritis who is unable to push the nurse call button
What is the priority nursing assessment for a patient who is receiving postoperative epidural analgesia with hydromorphone (Dilaudid)?
Respiratory rate, depth, pattern
Skin underneath the epidural dressing
Bladder scanning to check for urinary retention
Itching on the trunk and/or extremities
When assessing the patient for pain, which factors should the nurse consider? (Select all that apply)
Previous medical history
Physical appearance
Age, gender, and culture
Lifestyle and loss of appetite
Hair color and style
Which statement best describes the dosage of prescribed pain medication that a nurse should administer given pharmacologic treatment considerations?
The smallest dose possible to avoid opioid addiction
The smallest dose possible decrease adverse effects
A dose that best manages pain with fewest side effects
A large dose initially to decrease the initial level of pain
The endocrine system releases excessive hormones during episodes of acute pain. The nurse should monitor patient's experiencing acute pain for which potential problems?
Hyperglycemia
Migraine headache
Hyperkalemia
Diarrhea
Patient who had a below the knee amputation 3 days ago complains of pain from the amputated extremity. Which response by the nurse best explains what the patient is experiencing?
Your phantom pain will subside when the brain realizes the lower extremity is no longer there
Your radiating pain will continue for months because the lower extremity is no longer there
You are suffering from referred pain, which you will always have, but will lessen with time
You are experiencing psychogenic pain because loss of an extremity is an emotional loss
An uncooperative 70 year old male with right-sided paralysis from a recent CVA has to be transferred from the bed to wheelchair. Which action indicates the best method to transfer this patient?
A two person lift is performed, one on each side
The patient is steadied under the arms and pivoted on his left leg
A full-body sling lift is used with the help of UAP
A stand assist lift is used with the help of another nurse
After instruction, which action by a patient who can bear weight on both feet indicates an understanding of the proper use of crutches?
Adjusting the crutches so that they rest directly under the axilla
Moving the opposing crutch and leg together for a two-point crutch walk
Using a four-point crutch walk when not weight bearing on left leg
Placing the crutches 28 inches forward and then swinging bother legs forward
Which area of the central nervous system has most likely sustained damage if a patient exhibits a lack of coordination and an unsteady gait after a traumatic head injury?
Medulla oblongata
Articular disk
Brainstem
Cerebellum
What nursing intervention would be most effective in precenting flaccidity in a hospitalized patient?
Early ambulation after surgery
Administering calcium with vitamin D
Coughing and deep breathing exercises
Referring the patient to occupational therapy
Which nursing diagnosis is a top priority for a patient who is one day status post hip replacement?
Impaired Health Maintenance
Activity Intolerance
Impaired Mobility
Self Care Deficit
The nurse is assessing the patient's ability to hear and knows which is the correct procedure for the doing this?
The nurse whispers to the patient while standing on each side of the patient
The nurse speaks in a normal voice while standing on each side of the patient
The nurse speaks in a normal voice while standing directly in front of the patient
The nurse speaks in a normal voice while standing slightly behind the patient
The nurse is preparing discharge instructions for a patient who has equilibrium alterations. Which instructions will the nurse include? (Select all that apply)
Use grab bars in the tub/shower at home
Keep rooms well-lit and focus ahead when walking
Change positions quickly to avoid dizziness
Use a cane or walker for stability
Ride in the back seat of the car and look ahead
The nurse is caring for a patient recovering from knee replacement surgery. The patient complains of severe pain in the knee receiving hydrocodone with acetaminophen (Vicodin) 2 hours previously. What is the nurse's best reaction?
Administer another dose of medication
Apply ice packs to knee
Apply heat packs to the knee
Preform gentle range of motion
What response would the nurse give the patient when questioned about the effect of rheumatoid arthritis on the musculoskeletal system?
Muscle weakness
Muscle wasting
Joint inflammation
Joint spasticity
The nurse is preparing to assist the patient to walk to the bathroom after medicating the patient with a narcotic for pain management. What possible adverse effect should the nurse be immediately aware?
Constipation
Depression
Dizziness
Pain relief
The nurse identifies which instruction to be appropriate to delegate to the UAP?
Assess the patient's skin during a bath
Reposition the patient using the trapeze
Assess the patient's ability to perform range-of-motion exercises
Notify the health care provider of any changes
The nurse is preparing to reposition the patient in bed. What is the first step in the process?
Position the patient's arms across his/her chest
Lower the side rails
Grasp the draw sheet
Raise the bed to a working
The nurse correctly teachers the patient to rise from a chair using crutches when which intervention is used?
Patient starts from the back of the chair
The weak leg is closest to the chair
The hand on the strong side holds the hand bar of the crutch
The strong leg is closest to the chair
The nurse knows that a patient with a compromised cardiopulmonary system has a diminished capacity for exercise because of which condition? (Select all that apply)
Decreased tissue perfusion
Loss of sensation
Hemiparesis
Diminished respiratory capacity
Muscle weakness
The nurse knows which items are included in the documentation for a patient on fall precautions? (Select all that apply)
History of any falls
Falls risk assessment scores
Patient and family education
Use of assist device
Any fall or reported fall
The nurse knows which findings indicate orthostatic hypotension
A decrease in systolic blood pressure by 30 mmHg
A decrease in diastolic blood pressure by 10 mmHg
An increase in heart rate by 30 beats/min
An increase in systolic blood pressure by 20 mmHg
A decrease in heart rate by 20 beats/min
The nurse administered 100 mcg sublingual fentanyl spray at 10:00 am to a patient experiencing severe breakthrough pain. At what time will the nurse ask the patient if pain relief was obtained?
10:30 am
11:00 am
11:30 am
12:00 noon
Health care provider orders 1,500 mL of 0.9% saline to be infused over seven hours. The drop factor is 15 drops/mL. What should the hourly rate on the infusion pump?
125 mL/hr
155 mL/hr
214 mL/hr
215 mL/hr
Health care provider orders 1,500 mL of 0.9% saline to be infused over seven hours. The drop factor is 15 drops/mL. How many drips per minute should the nurse count?
15 gtt/min
25 gtt/min
53 gtt/min
54 gtt/min
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