Mosby's Review Questions: Using Preventive Agents (Chapter 11)
Which of the following statements describes the incorporation of chemotherapeutic agents in the control of bacterial components of plaque biofilm?
Replaces brushing and flossing
Supplements brushing and flossing
Recommended for use by all patients
No antibacterial role in plaque biofilm control
Which of the following fluoride compounds is NOT used in professionally administered fluoride products to prevent dental caries?
Sodium fluoride (NaF)
Stannous fluoride (SnF2)
Acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF)
Sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP)
Chemotherapeutic Agent/Use: MI paste and NuvaMin
Added to dentifrices to control gingivitis as well as dental caries; does not usually cause staining at the low dose required for dentifrice
Added to dentifrices to control formation of supramarginal calculus
Complex of casein phosphopeptides and amorphous calcium phosphate; used to manage dental caries by enhancing remineralization, especially in patients with inadequate saliva
Broad-spectrum antimicrobial detergent formulation added to dentifrices as an antiplaque, antigingivitis, and antiinflammatory agent
Only fluoride used for water fluoridation and in professionally applied fluoride treatments
Releases oxygen for antimicrobial effect to reduce gingivitis and malodor; used in treatment of NUG
Mouth rinse that binds to oral tissues; side effects include a burning sensation in the oral soft tissues and epithelial desquamation
Amorphous calcium phosphate complex added to prophylaxis paste and professionally dispensed dentifrice to enhance remineralization
Used to neutralize acid after vomiting in patients with bulimia or those undergoing chemotherapy
Chemotherapeutic Agent/Use: Hydrogen peroxide
Added to dentifrices to control gingivitis as well as dental caries; does not usually cause staining at the low dose required for dentifrice
Added to dentifrices to control formation of supramarginal calculus
Complex of casein phosphopeptides and amorphous calcium phosphate; used to manage dental caries by enhancing remineralization, especially in patients with inadequate saliva
Broad-spectrum antimicrobial detergent formulation added to dentifrices as an antiplaque, antigingivitis, and antiinflammatory agent
Only fluoride used for water fluoridation and in professionally applied fluoride treatments
Releases oxygen for antimicrobial effect to reduce gingivitis and malodor; used in treatment of NUG
Mouth rinse that binds to oral tissues; side effects include a burning sensation in the oral soft tissues and epithelial desquamation
Amorphous calcium phosphate complex added to prophylaxis paste and professionally dispensed dentifrice to enhance remineralization
Used to neutralize acid after vomiting in patients with bulimia or those undergoing chemotherapy
Chemotherapeutic Agent/Use: Pyrophosphates
Added to dentifrices to control gingivitis as well as dental caries; does not usually cause staining at the low dose required for dentifrice
Added to dentifrices to control formation of supramarginal calculus
Complex of casein phosphopeptides and amorphous calcium phosphate; used to manage dental caries by enhancing remineralization, especially in patients with inadequate saliva
Broad-spectrum antimicrobial detergent formulation added to dentifrices as an antiplaque, antigingivitis, and antiinflammatory agent
Only fluoride used for water fluoridation and in professionally applied fluoride treatments
Releases oxygen for antimicrobial effect to reduce gingivitis and malodor; used in treatment of NUG
Mouth rinse that binds to oral tissues; side effects include a burning sensation in the oral soft tissues and epithelial desquamation
Amorphous calcium phosphate complex added to prophylaxis paste and professionally dispensed dentifrice to enhance remineralization
Used to neutralize acid after vomiting in patients with bulimia or those undergoing chemotherapy
Chemotherapeutic Agent/Use: Quaternary ammonium compound
Added to dentifrices to control gingivitis as well as dental caries; does not usually cause staining at the low dose required for dentifrice
Added to dentifrices to control formation of supramarginal calculus
Complex of casein phosphopeptides and amorphous calcium phosphate; used to manage dental caries by enhancing remineralization, especially in patients with inadequate saliva
Broad-spectrum antimicrobial detergent formulation added to dentifrices as an antiplaque, antigingivitis, and antiinflammatory agent
Only fluoride used for water fluoridation and in professionally applied fluoride treatments
Releases oxygen for antimicrobial effect to reduce gingivitis and malodor; used in treatment of NUG
Mouth rinse that binds to oral tissues; side effects include a burning sensation in the oral soft tissues and epithelial desquamation
Amorphous calcium phosphate complex added to prophylaxis paste and professionally dispensed dentifrice to enhance remineralization
Used to neutralize acid after vomiting in patients with bulimia or those undergoing chemotherapy
Chemotherapeutic Agent/Use: Recaldent chewing gum
Added to dentifrices to control gingivitis as well as dental caries; does not usually cause staining at the low dose required for dentifrice
Added to dentifrices to control formation of supramarginal calculus
Complex of casein phosphopeptides and amorphous calcium phosphate; used to manage dental caries by enhancing remineralization, especially in patients with inadequate saliva
Broad-spectrum antimicrobial detergent formulation added to dentifrices as an antiplaque, antigingivitis, and antiinflammatory agent
Only fluoride used for water fluoridation and in professionally applied fluoride treatments
Releases oxygen for antimicrobial effect to reduce gingivitis and malodor; used in treatment of NUG
Mouth rinse that binds to oral tissues; side effects include a burning sensation in the oral soft tissues and epithelial desquamation
Amorphous calcium phosphate complex added to prophylaxis paste and professionally dispensed dentifrice to enhance remineralization
Used to neutralize acid after vomiting in patients with bulimia or those undergoing chemotherapy
Chemotherapeutic Agent/Use: Sodium fluoride
Added to dentifrices to control gingivitis as well as dental caries; does not usually cause staining at the low dose required for dentifrice
Added to dentifrices to control formation of supramarginal calculus
Complex of casein phosphopeptides and amorphous calcium phosphate; used to manage dental caries by enhancing remineralization, especially in patients with inadequate saliva
Broad-spectrum antimicrobial detergent formulation added to dentifrices as an antiplaque, antigingivitis, and antiinflammatory agent
Only fluoride used for water fluoridation and in professionally applied fluoride treatments
Releases oxygen for antimicrobial effect to reduce gingivitis and malodor; used in treatment of NUG
Mouth rinse that binds to oral tissues; side effects include a burning sensation in the oral soft tissues and epithelial desquamation
Amorphous calcium phosphate complex added to prophylaxis paste and professionally dispensed dentifrice to enhance remineralization
Used to neutralize acid after vomiting in patients with bulimia or those undergoing chemotherapy
Chemotherapeutic Agent/Use: Sodium bicarbonate
Added to dentifrices to control gingivitis as well as dental caries; does not usually cause staining at the low dose required for dentifrice
Added to dentifrices to control formation of supramarginal calculus
Complex of casein phosphopeptides and amorphous calcium phosphate; used to manage dental caries by enhancing remineralization, especially in patients with inadequate saliva
Broad-spectrum antimicrobial detergent formulation added to dentifrices as an antiplaque, antigingivitis, and antiinflammatory agent
Only fluoride used for water fluoridation and in professionally applied fluoride treatments
Releases oxygen for antimicrobial effect to reduce gingivitis and malodor; used in treatment of NUG
Mouth rinse that binds to oral tissues; side effects include a burning sensation in the oral soft tissues and epithelial desquamation
Amorphous calcium phosphate complex added to prophylaxis paste and professionally dispensed dentifrice to enhance remineralization
Used to neutralize acid after vomiting in patients with bulimia or those undergoing chemotherapy
Chemotherapeutic Agent/Use: Stannous fluoride
Added to dentifrices to control gingivitis as well as dental caries; does not usually cause staining at the low dose required for dentifrice
Added to dentifrices to control formation of supramarginal calculus
Complex of casein phosphopeptides and amorphous calcium phosphate; used to manage dental caries by enhancing remineralization, especially in patients with inadequate saliva
Broad-spectrum antimicrobial detergent formulation added to dentifrices as an antiplaque, antigingivitis, and antiinflammatory agent
Only fluoride used for water fluoridation and in professionally applied fluoride treatments
Releases oxygen for antimicrobial effect to reduce gingivitis and malodor; used in treatment of NUG
Mouth rinse that binds to oral tissues; side effects include a burning sensation in the oral soft tissues and epithelial desquamation
Amorphous calcium phosphate complex added to prophylaxis paste and professionally dispensed dentifrice to enhance remineralization
Used to neutralize acid after vomiting in patients with bulimia or those undergoing chemotherapy
Chemotherapeutic Agent/Use: Triclosan
Added to dentifrices to control gingivitis as well as dental caries; does not usually cause staining at the low dose required for dentifrice
Added to dentifrices to control formation of supramarginal calculus
Complex of casein phosphopeptides and amorphous calcium phosphate; used to manage dental caries by enhancing remineralization, especially in patients with inadequate saliva
Broad-spectrum antimicrobial detergent formulation added to dentifrices as an antiplaque, antigingivitis, and antiinflammatory agent
Only fluoride used for water fluoridation and in professionally applied fluoride treatments
Releases oxygen for antimicrobial effect to reduce gingivitis and malodor; used in treatment of NUG
Mouth rinse that binds to oral tissues; side effects include a burning sensation in the oral soft tissues and epithelial desquamation
Amorphous calcium phosphate complex added to prophylaxis paste and professionally dispensed dentifrice to enhance remineralization
Used to neutralize acid after vomiting in patients with bulimia or those undergoing chemotherapy
Which of the following additives has been shown to control dental caries by preventing the transmission of cariogenic bacteria from mother to infant?
Xylitol
Sorbitol
Triclosan
Stannous fluoride
Hydrogen peroxide
Which of the following over-the-counter mouthrinses has been accepted by the ADA and approved by the FDA to control and treat plaque biofilm and gingivitis?
Chlorine dioxide
Chlorhexidine gluconate (Peridex)
Essential oils (Listerine and generic versions)
Cetylpridinium chloride (CPC), Crest Pro-Health, Scope
All the following are effective ways to control volatile sulfur compounds (VSC)–producing organisms that cause breath malodor EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?
Using breath mints
Brushing the tongue
Rinsing with Listerine
Using a tongue scraper
Chlorhexidine has been shown to be effective as an antimicrobial to control dental caries in patients who are at high risk for caries. The recommended protocol is the same as that used to control gingivitis.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
Which of the following is considered the major mechanism of action of fluoride in the inhibition of dental caries progression?
Antimicrobial effect on acidogenic bacteria
Enhancement of remineralization in the demineralization–remineralization cycle
Formation of fluorapatite during the development of enamel prior to eruption
Inhibition of demineralization through fluoride adsorption by enamel mineral crystals
Which of the following dentifrice ingredients should be avoided if a nonabrasive dentifrice is recommended?
Triclosan
Baking soda
Stannous fluoride
Carbamide peroxide
Which of the following actions should be performed before the placement of dental sealants?
Application of fluoride
Dental prophylaxis
Caries risk assessment
Oral hygiene instruction
Pit and fissure sealants should be used in combination with fluorides for prevention of other types of caries because they are primarily effective in preventing pit and fissure caries.
Both the statement and reason are correct and related.
Both the statement and reason are correct but not related.
The statement is correct, but the reason is not.
The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.
The emphasis in toothbrushing instruction to prevent and control gingivitis and mild to moderate periodontitis should be on developing and maintaining an effective technique. The emphasis on toothbrushing to prevent and control dental caries should be on increasing the frequency and duration of brushing with fluoride toothpaste.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
Which of the following foods naturally contains the MOST fluoride?
Fish and tea
Meats and eggs
Milk and cheese
Fruits and vegetables
Fluoride is stored in the body in which of the following two locations?
Blood
Liver
Saliva
Teeth
Bones
Ingested fluoride is excreted primarily through saliva. Excretion of fluoride through saliva is the reason that water fluoridation has posteruptive caries reduction benefits in both children and adults.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
Fluoride supplements are recommended by the FDA because research has shown them to be safe to the developing fetus. Research has demonstrated that fetal plasma fluoride levels increase as a result of prenatal fluoride supplementation, but the benefit of prenatal fluoride to the child is minimal.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
Which of the following first aid steps should be taken FIRST if a child swallows a toxic dose of fluoride?
Have the child drink milk
Induce vomiting
Administer cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
Administer oxygen
When the fluoride ion replaces the hydroxyl ion in the enamel structure, which of the following is the MOST stable result?
Fluorapatite
Hydroxyapatite
Carbonated apatite
Which of the following statements is MOST correct regarding the benefits of water fluoridation?
The benefits of water fluoridation continue even after it is discontinued.
Water fluoridation does not benefit adults because their teeth have already erupted.
Partial exposure to water fluoridation provides benefits in proportion to the amount of fluoride in the water.
Because of current multiple exposures to fluorides, water fluoridation is no longer considered cost effective and is not recommended by public health experts.
Which of the following is the MOST commonly used fluoride compound in water fluoridation?
Sodium fluoride
Stannous fluoride
Hydrofluosilicic acid
Sodium silicofluoride
Mild to moderate fluorosis occurs at which of the following parts per million (ppm) levels?
< 1 ppm
> 2 ppm
> 5 ppm
> 10 ppm
Which of the following are benefits of water fluoridation? (Select all that apply.)
Greater overall oral health
Reduction of childhood caries
Savings in dental treatment costs
Reduction in cases of oral cancer
Lower rates of coronal and root caries in adults
There are greater caries reduction benefits from combining several methods of self-administered topical fluoride products with water fluoridation rather than one method alone. Combining several methods of topical fluorides and water fluoridation will cause fluorosis in the adult patient.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
School water fluoridation requires adjustment of the amount of fluoride to four to five times the optimal level that is required to fluoridate the community water supply. School water fluoridation is no longer recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
A 5-year-old child presents to the dental office in a community in which the water is not fluoridated and the natural level of fluoride in the water is 0.2 ppm. Which of the following daily dosages of sodium fluoride (NaF) supplement tablets should be prescribed for this child?
No supplement
0.25 mg NaF
0.50 mg NaF
1.0 mg NaF
Which of the following is the LOWEST probable toxic dose (PTD) of fluoride for a child who weighs 20 kilograms?
100mg fluoride or 640g NaF
200mg fluoride or 1280g NaF
640mg fluoride or 100g NaF
1280mg fluoride or 200g NaF
All of the following statements are true EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?
Fluorosis can be controlled in the population by controlling the risk factors.
The trend in the United States is an increase in the prevalence of slight fluorosis in children.
The new CDC recommendation to reduce fluoride levels in water supplies indicates that some public health care professionals consider the level of fluorosis to be a public health problem.
The rate of fluorosis is continuing to increase because of the high level of fluoride in children’s toothpaste.
Detergent ingredients in dentifrices help loosen debris through their foaming action. An example of a detergent is sodium lauryl sulfate.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
A patient presents with sloughing of the oral mucosa that has been present for 1 week and wonders why his gingival tissue is peeling. Which is the MOST likely cause for the patient’s condition?
Allergic reaction
Brushing too vigorously
Inadequate toothbrushing
Oral manifestation of a new systemic condition
Your patient has just concluded orthodontics therapy and is upset about the white areas in the former location of the brackets. Which of the following would be the BEST dentifrice recommendation for this patient?
Anticaries dentifrice with fluoride
Antiplaque dentifrice with triclosan
Whitening dentifrice to even out enamel coloration
Remineralization dentifrice with fluoride and calcium phosphate
All of the following are important considerations for a mouth rinse marketed for xerostomia EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?
Is nonstaining
Contains fluoride
Has lubricating properties
Has moisturizing qualities
One suitable option for an antiplaque mouth rinse recommendation is chlorhexidine. Chlorhexidine is readily available as an over-the-counter medication.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
Which of the following characteristics represent ideal properties of an antimicrobial mouth rinse? (Select all that apply.)
Substantivity
No adverse reactions
Promotes microbial resistance
Targets pathogenic microflora
Which of the following products are commonly associated with staining of teeth, tongue, and tooth-colored restorations? (Select all that apply.)
Listerine
Chlorhexidine
Stannous fluoride
Crest Pro-Health
Sugar-free gums primarily use xylitol or sorbitol for their sweetening agents. Chewing gum may be a useful home care recommendation to stimulate saliva.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
Which of the following situations are indications for placement of a dental sealant? (Select all that apply.)
A deep occlusal fissure
An incipient Class I carious lesion
A deep dentinal Class I carious lesion
Shallow fissures in an adult with no history of caries
Which of the following BEST describes the purpose of using an etchant or tooth conditioner during the sealant application process?
Bonds the sealant material to the tooth
Increases the surface area for the sealant material
Removes debris and stain from the surface to be sealed
Enhances uptake of fluoride from the sealant material
If a sealant was lost within the first couple of months after application, which would be the MOST likely cause of failure?
Operator error
Carious lesions
Expired materials
Patient compliance
Sealant material often contains filler particles. The purpose of the filler is to make the sealant more resistant to abrasion and wear.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
Modern sealant products polymerize or “cure” through use of a blue light source. The disadvantage of using a light-cured system is that clinicians may experience wrist fatigue if necessary precautions are not utilized.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
Which of the following BEST describes the purpose for the use of a sealant material with fluoride added?
It increases the long-term retention of the sealant.
It adds to the resistance against wear and abrasion.
It acts as a long-term reservoir for fluoride in the oral cavity.
It inhibits caries growth in the enamel surrounding the sealant.
When preparing a tooth for sealant placement, the amount of time required for the acid etchant to remain in place depends on the operator’s clinical judgment. If the tooth surface presents with a white chalky or frosty appearance on drying after rinsing the etchant, it is a good clinical indicator that the etching period was insufficient and should be repeated.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
Which of the following represents the ADA’s recommendation for maintaining a dry field during sealant placement?
Use of cotton rolls
Use absorbent pads
Use of a rubber dam
Use of two operators
Which of the following strategies serve as effective patient management tools during sealant placement in children? (Select all that apply.)
Use an assistant whenever possible.
Have the parent stay in the treatment area.
Keep the child distracted and calm through conversation.
Have all supplies and materials ready before seating the child.
Employ the “Tell, Show, Do” strategy to avoid any surprises.
Which of the following concentrations of neutral sodium fluoride is considered a professionally applied fluoride (in-office-administration) agent?
0.1%
0.5%
0.2%
2.0%
Which of the following formulations are considered professionally applied fluoride products and have been approved by the FDA for in-office use? (Select all that apply.)
2.0 % sodium fluoride
1.1% sodium fluoride
5% sodium fluoride varnish
8.0% stannous fluoride solution
1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride
When fluoride reacts with stomach acid, the reaction product is hydrogen fluoride. The initial symptoms of chronic fluoride toxicity are nausea, gastrointestinal pain, and vomiting.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
The purpose of converting neutral sodium fluoride into acidulated phosphate fluoride is to lower the pH of the product. Evidence-based research indicates that a pH of 4 or lower enhances fluoride uptake.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
Which of the following items are considered antibacterial agents for dental caries? (Select all that apply.)
Xylitol
Chlorhexidine
Dental sealants
Sodium bicarbonate
Carbamide peroxide
Topically applied fluorides are most effective for prevention of dental caries formation in the pits and fissures of teeth. Dental sealants should be the primary preventive consideration by the dental hygienist for reduction in pit and fissure caries of teeth.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
Which of the following are the methods of classification for sealants? (Select all that apply.)
Cost
Color
Placement site
Sealant content
Polymerization method
The dental hygienist has finished placing a pit and fissure sealant and discovers a bubble in the cured sealant material. Which of the following actions is MOST appropriate?
Using a high-speed hand piece and smooth the surface
Adding more sealant material and polymerizing the area
Leaving the bubble; mastication will remove the imperfection
Reetching, washing and drying the tooth, and applying additional material
Dental sealants may be filled or unfilled resins or glass ionomers that contain fluoride. Glass ionomer sealants are the sealant of choice for occlusal surfaces.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
During the placement of dental sealants, which of the following is used as an etching agent?
25% phosphoric acid
35% phosphoric acid
10% carbamide peroxide
15% carbamide peroxide
15% hydrogen peroxide
Continuous use of fluoridated water from birth may result in 40% to 65% fewer carious lesions. Anterior teeth, particularly maxillary anterior teeth, receive more protection from fluoride compared with posterior teeth because of the direct contact of drinking water as it passes into the mouth and earlier eruption dates.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
Fluoride is added to the surface of enamel before tooth eruption. The uptake of fluoride depends on the level of fluoride in the oral environment and the length of time of exposure.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
Which of the following conditions can be prevented by a fixed or removable prosthodontic appliance?
Impaction
Supraeruption
Occlusal reduction
Periodontal disease
Which of the following preventive measures can be beneficial in the reduction of anterior disc displacement (RADD) and/or control the symptoms?
Oral surgery
Occlusal splint
Occlusal adjustment
Orthodontic treatment
Which of the following is a best practice for the use of an oral irrigator?
Flush gingival sulcular areas directly.
Gradually increase the intensity of the stream to high.
Direct the stream perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth.
Use in limited access areas without soft-tissue inflammation.
Negative outcomes for failure to remove or smooth an overhanging restoration include all the following EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?
Bony defects
Tissue irritation
Occlusal trauma
Food entrapment
Communication can be considered a preventive agent when a dental professional identifies harmful habits and encourages changes in patient behavior; therefore, the dental professional should avoid discussing a patient’s recreational drug use.
Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related.
The statement is correct, but the reason is not.
The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.
Smokeless or spit tobacco education should include all the following teaching points EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?
Causes vasodilation
Affects leukocyte migration
Fosters persistence of pathogens
Increases severity of periodontal disease
Which of the following preventive measures is recommended for a patient taking medication to lower blood pressure?
Use iodized salt.
Limit fatty food.
Add zinc supplements.
Restrict sodium intake.
Which of the following self-care devices is most appropriate for plaque biofilm removal from proximal tooth surfaces and shallow pockets?
Dental floss
Toothpicks
End-tuft brushes
Powered toothbrush
Characteristics of patient-centered tobacco cessation communication include all the following EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?
Listening
Collaboration
Eliciting of information
Emphasis on expert authority
Use of a properly fitted mouth guard while an individual plays sports helps to protect against all the following conditions EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?
Bruxism
Clenching
Head injuries
Mouth breathing
Which of the following is the primary purpose of a mandibular advancement device (MAD)?
Eliminate bruxism
Increase upper airway volume
Replace positive airway pressure
Retain tongue in forward position
A 65-year-old patient with a history of uncontrolled high blood pressure who is currently taking medication to lower blood pressure and a diuretic presents for an emergency dental appointment. Which of the following preventive agents is safe for this patient?
Sugar
Oxygen
Norepinephrine
General anesthesia
A female patient reports an allergic reaction when wearing certain types of jewelry. Which of the following agents should be reduced in the fabrication of her new crown for tooth #30?
Zinc
Nickel
Copper
Chromium
Which of the following conditions would indicate bonded retainer failure?
Occlusal wear
Tooth mobility
Presence of biofilms
Stripping of attached gingiva
Education for a patient who wears an obturator should include all the following teaching points EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?
Food takes longer to clear the oral cavity.
Soft-food consumption increases caries risk.
Tenacious nature of nasal fluids promotes biofilm retention.
Systemic fluorides are contraindicated due to risk of choking.
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