Provides a support structure for the digestive system
Produces bile
Produces enzymes for digestion
The submucosa contains
Epithelium
Lamina propria
Dense irregular connective tissue
Exocrine cells
Endocrine cells
Submucosal plexus
Muscularis mucosae
The muscularis externa is innervated by the
Diaphragmatic nerves
Enteric nervous system
Submucosal plexus
Serosa
The serosa is replaced by what in high abrasion areas
Lamina propria
Choroid plexi
Falx cerebri
Adventitia
The coordinated contraction of smooth muscle to push contents along the GI tract is known as
Ascites
Perinosis
Peristalsis
Float
Which hormones are secreted in the oral cavity
Lingual lipase
Salivary amylase
Gastrin
Pepsinogen
What is important in the absorption of vitamin B12
HCl
Chief cells
Intrinsic factor
GIP
Gastric glands, situated within gastric pits, contain
Parietal cells
Chief cells
D cells
G cells
Islets of Langerhans
Peyer's patches
Somatostatin is produced in the pyloric glands by
G cells
D cells
Chief cells
Parietal cells
Parietal cells produce
Bile
Intrinsic factor
HCl
Somatostatin
Gastrin
Somatostatin
Hydrolyses saccharides
Inhibits gastrin release
Produces carbonic anhydrase
Is an allosteric enzyme to intrinsic factor
Which enzyme is involved in the production of HCl
Carbonic anhydrase
Alpha amylases
Nucleases
Lipases
Which of these inhibit secretion
Secretin
CCK
GIP
Carbonic anhydrase
Peyer's patches
Enteropeptidase
The main function of the duodenum is to
Neutralise chyme
Be the main site of absorption
Reabsorb water
Release secretions by the liver and pancreas
The brush border of microvilli contains
Integral membrane enzymes
Lacteals
Intestinal juice
CCK
Enteroendocrine cells produce CCK and secretin which (in the small intestine)
Increase enzyme and bile secretion
Increase water reabsorption
Increase mucous secretion
Stimulate macrophage production
How does the liver complete haematological regulation
Removal of hormones
Removal of toxins
Production of plasma proteins
Production of mucous
Secretion of lipids
Phagocytosis of dead cells and foreign cells
Duodenal CCK
Dilates the hepatopancreatic sphincter
Closes the ileocaecal valve
Stimulates the reabsorption of bile salts
Stimulates gallbladder contraction
Which of these are functions of the large intestine
Reabsorption of water and bile salts
Microbiome resevoir
Bacterial vitamin absorption (K, biotin, B5)
Production of bile
What would you expect to see in the large intestine compared to the small
Valves
More mucous cells
Glomeruli
The gastroenteric reflex
Closes the ileocaecal valve
Opens the hepatopancreatic sphincter
Stimulates motility and secretion
Stimulates the opening of the ileocaecal valve
The gastroileal reflex
Closes the ileocaecal valve
Opens the hepatopancreatic sphincter
Stimulates motility and secretion
Stimulates the opening of the ileocaecal valve
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