Histology 4E
CNS and Histology Quiz
Test your knowledge of central nervous system (CNS) structures, fun
Get ready to challenge yourself with topics such as:
- Cerebrospinal fluid production
- Spinal cord anatomy
- Eye structures and fun
ctions - Neural development and cellular components
Cerebrospinal fluid:
Is produced by the choroid plexus
Is produced by arachnoid granules
Fills the ventricles of the brain
Is present in the subarachnoid space
The spinal cord:
There are no neurons in the posterior horn
It is part of the PNS
The anterior horn contains multipolar neurons
The gray matter is located inside
The choroid plexus:
Is located in the ventricles of the brain
Is covered by ependymal cells
Is located in the central canal of the spinal cord
Is composed of arachnoid
Contains fenestrated capillaries
What is true regarding CNS development?
CNS appears at the beginning of the third week of embryo age
Part of the ectoderm differentiates into the neuroectoderm
The first stage includes formation of the neural tube
The rostral end of the neural tube develops into the spinal cord
Melanocytes are derived from neural crest cells
What is correct?
Ependymocytes are found in the ganglia
Each nerve fiber contains perikaryons
Ependymocytes line the central canal of the spinal cord
Nerve tissue is avascular
Sensory neurons conduct nerve impulses to the CNS
The CNS:
Gray matter is peripheral, white matter is central in the brain cortex
The central canal of the spinal cord is lined with astrocytes
The granular layer of the cerebellar cotrex is innermost
White matter contains very small neurons
Purkinje cells of cerebellar cortex are located in the white matter
Which cells lines the ventricles of the brain?
Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes
Satellite cells
Schwann cells
Ependymal cells
What is responsible for the static equilibrium?
Organ of Corti
Cristae ampullares
Cupula
Maculae regions
Utricle
Cerebellar cortex:
The middle layer consists of purkinje cells
The first layer is the molecular layer
Has three layers
Is the so-called neocortex
Has not got any glial cells
Is covered and protected by meninges
Which components belong to the middle ear?
Auditory ossicles
Eustachian tube
Saccule
Utricle
Semicircular canals
What is the functions of the arachnoid?
Secretion of cerebrospinal fluid
Absorption of cerebrospinal fluid
Formation of choroid plexus
Part of the arachnoid is a periosteum of the skull
Protection against mechanical shock
What is the main role of ciliary processes?
To form the blood-retina barrier
To hold the lens in place
To secrete aqueous humor
To enable the outflow of aqueous humour
To contract and dilate the pupil
To refract the light entering the eye
Which structures can be found in the internal nuclear layer of the retina?
Ganglion cells
Horizontal cells
Amacrine cells
Nuclei of rods and cones
Bipolar cells
The gray matter:
Contains perikaryon, dendrites and initial unmyelinated segment of axons
Does not contain glial cells
It contributes in forming the cerebral and cerebellar cortex
Is present in the CNS
Is present in the PNS
Contains astrocytes
Spinal cord contains both white and gray matter
Cerebellar cortex:
Has three layers
Its second layer is composed of Purkinje cells
It is covered and protected by meninges
The central layer contains large purkinje cells
The granule layer is formed by very small neurons
Purkinje cells are present in the cerebellum only
It is a portion of the cerebral cortex
The bipolar cells of the retina:
Represent the second neuron of the optic way
Connect rod and cones to ganglion cells
Which structure is not present in white matter?
Neuron bodies
Unmyelinated axons
Initial segment of axons
Dendrites
Protoplasmic astrocytes
Pia mater:
Contains many blood vessels
Is a loose CT
Comes in contact with neuroglial processes
Most internal meninges
The connective tissue that directly covers the brain is called:
Epineurium
Perineurium
Dura mater
Arachnoid
Pia mater
External ear includes:
External auditory meatus
Cochlea
Lateral semicircular canal
Incus
Superior semicircular canal
What is true regarding the choroid plexus?
Is covered by ependymal cells
Is located in the ventricles of the brain
Contains fenestrated capillaries
Is located in the central canal of the spinal cord
Is covered by oligodendrocytes
What is true regarding meninges?
Dura mater is separated from arachnoid by subarachnoid space
Arachnoid is linked with dura mater by connective tissue trabeculae
Pia mater reabsorbes CSF
Dura mater is composed of dense irregular connective tissue
Blood vessels penetrate the CNS through tunnels covered by pia mater
Subarachnoid space is filled with CSF
Which elements form the blood-brain-barrier?
Capillary endothelium
Cytoplasm without fenestration
Basal membrane
Perivascular glia membrane
What is true regarding the iris?
Contains melanocytes
Pigmented epithelial layer is located on its posterior part
Sphincter pupillae is a circular band of smooth muscle
Composed of a folded layer on its anterior part
Contractile structure
Continuous with the ciliary body
What is found in the cerebral cortex?
Outer molecular layer
Internal granular layer
Ganglionic layer
Purkinje cells
What is true regarding the cerebellar cortex?
Central layer - purkinje cells
Basket cells are found in the molecular layer
Outer layer - molecular layer
Inner layer - granular layer
Granular layer has small neurons
What is true about the male gonad development?
Development relies on the SRY protein on the short arm of the Y-chromosome
Development commences at week 7 of prenatal life
Development occurs before female gonad development
Primitive germ cells are derived from the ectoderm of amnion
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