Chapter 2 psych review

The belief that accurate knowledge can be acquired through observation is the definition ofThe belief that accurate knowledge can be acquired through observation is the definition of
critical thinking.
dogmatism.
empiricism
correlation
Which of the following is the best definition of a hypothesis?
empirical evidence
a scientific investigation
a falsifiable prediction
a theoretical idea
If a detector is used to measure the same property twice but produces different measurements, then it lacks;
validity.
reliability.
power.
concreteness.
Aspects of an observational setting that cause people to behave as they think someone wants or expects them to are called
observer biases.
Type I errors.
Type II errors.
demand characteristics.
Which of the following describes the average value of all the measurements in a particular distribution?
mean
median
mode
range
What does the sign of r (the correlation coefficient) show?
the strength of a correlation
the direction of a correlation
the likelihood that random assignment failed
the degree of replicability
When two variables are correlated, what keeps us from concluding that one is the cause and the other is the effect?
the third-variable problem
observer bias
the strength of the manipulation
the failure of random assignment
A researcher administers a questionnaire concerning attitudes towards tax increases to people of all genders and ages who live all across Canada. The dependent variable in the study is the______________ of the participants.
age
gender
attitude
geographic location
An experiment that defines variables as they are defined in the real world is
externally valid
internally valid
operationally defined.
statistically significant.
When people find evidence that confirms their beliefs, they often
stop looking.
seek more evidence.
refuse to believe it.
take their enemies to lunch.
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