SELF-REINFORCEMENT สอบเข้าเตรียมฯ EXERCISE 4
Name:
SELF-REINFORCEMENT EXERCISE 4
Passage 1
Twins occur about once in eighty-seven human births. A little more than
one-quarter of these are identical twins, which develop from the equal division
of a fertilized egg. Identical twins are always the same sex and have the
same blood group and eye color. If one has a gift for music, it is not
surprising if the other does, too. However, if one is left-handed, the other
may be right-handed. If the hair of one grows clockwise from the crown,
the other’s hair may grow counter-clockwise.
Fraternal twins develop from two separate eggs that are fertilized at
the same time. They can be of different sex and often look no more alike
than other members of the same family.
The more babies per birth, the less frequently such births occur. Triplets
occur about once in 7,569 births, but sextuplets, multiple births of six, occur
once in about five million births. Multiple births are common among animals
but identical offspring are rare, except for one species of armadillo. Female
armadillos always give birth to quadruplets.
one-quarter of these are identical twins, which develop from the equal division
of a fertilized egg. Identical twins are always the same sex and have the
same blood group and eye color. If one has a gift for music, it is not
surprising if the other does, too. However, if one is left-handed, the other
may be right-handed. If the hair of one grows clockwise from the crown,
the other’s hair may grow counter-clockwise.
Fraternal twins develop from two separate eggs that are fertilized at
the same time. They can be of different sex and often look no more alike
than other members of the same family.
The more babies per birth, the less frequently such births occur. Triplets
occur about once in 7,569 births, but sextuplets, multiple births of six, occur
once in about five million births. Multiple births are common among animals
but identical offspring are rare, except for one species of armadillo. Female
armadillos always give birth to quadruplets.
SELF-REINFORCEMENT EXERCISE 4
Passage 1
Twins occur about once in eighty-seven human births. A little more than
one-quarter of these are identical twins, which develop from the equal division
of a fertilized egg. Identical twins are always the same sex and have the
same blood group and eye color. If one has a gift for music, it is not
surprising if the other does, too. However, if one is left-handed, the other
may be right-handed. If the hair of one grows clockwise from the crown,
the other’s hair may grow counter-clockwise.
Fraternal twins develop from two separate eggs that are fertilized at
the same time. They can be of different sex and often look no more alike
than other members of the same family.
The more babies per birth, the less frequently such births occur. Triplets
occur about once in 7,569 births, but sextuplets, multiple births of six, occur
once in about five million births. Multiple births are common among animals
but identical offspring are rare, except for one species of armadillo. Female
armadillos always give birth to quadruplets.
one-quarter of these are identical twins, which develop from the equal division
of a fertilized egg. Identical twins are always the same sex and have the
same blood group and eye color. If one has a gift for music, it is not
surprising if the other does, too. However, if one is left-handed, the other
may be right-handed. If the hair of one grows clockwise from the crown,
the other’s hair may grow counter-clockwise.
Fraternal twins develop from two separate eggs that are fertilized at
the same time. They can be of different sex and often look no more alike
than other members of the same family.
The more babies per birth, the less frequently such births occur. Triplets
occur about once in 7,569 births, but sextuplets, multiple births of six, occur
once in about five million births. Multiple births are common among animals
but identical offspring are rare, except for one species of armadillo. Female
armadillos always give birth to quadruplets.
1. The most common of all multiple births are __________.
a. identical twins
b. triplets
c. fraternal twins
d. quadruplets
2. Identical twins are always __________.
a. right-handed
b. the same sex
c. blue-eyed
d. female
3. What does “gift” in paragraph 1 mean?
a. talent
b. present
c. knowledge
d. voice
4. Identical twins are alike in that the individuals of each pair ___________.
a. share a common birth
b. develop from a single egg
c. have the same hair color
d. have the same blood group
5. Triplets are born __________.
a. more often than twins
b. more often than single births
c. more often than quadruplets
d. less often than sextuplets
Passage 2
Just as optical fibers have transformed communication, they are
also revolutionizing medicine. These ultra-thin, flexible fibers
have opened a window into the living tissues of the body. By inserting
optical fibers through natural openings or small incisions and threading
them along the body’s established pathways, physicians can look into
the lungs, intestines, heart, and other areas that were formerly
inaccessible to them.
also revolutionizing medicine. These ultra-thin, flexible fibers
have opened a window into the living tissues of the body. By inserting
optical fibers through natural openings or small incisions and threading
them along the body’s established pathways, physicians can look into
the lungs, intestines, heart, and other areas that were formerly
inaccessible to them.
The basic fiber-optics system is called a fiberscope, which consists
of two bundles of fibers. One, the illuminating bundle, carries light to
the tissues. It is coupled to a high-intensity light source. Light enters
the cores of the high-purity silicon glass and travels along the fibers.
A lens at the end of the bundle collects the light and focuses it into
the other bundle: the imaging bundle. Each fiber in the bundle transmits
only a tiny fraction of the total image. The reconstructed image can
be viewed through an eyepiece or displayed on a television screen.
During the last five years, improved methods of fabricating optical
fibers have led to a reduction in fiberscope diameter and an increase
in the number of fibers, which in turn has increased resolution.
of two bundles of fibers. One, the illuminating bundle, carries light to
the tissues. It is coupled to a high-intensity light source. Light enters
the cores of the high-purity silicon glass and travels along the fibers.
A lens at the end of the bundle collects the light and focuses it into
the other bundle: the imaging bundle. Each fiber in the bundle transmits
only a tiny fraction of the total image. The reconstructed image can
be viewed through an eyepiece or displayed on a television screen.
During the last five years, improved methods of fabricating optical
fibers have led to a reduction in fiberscope diameter and an increase
in the number of fibers, which in turn has increased resolution.
Optical fibers can also be used to deliver the laser light. By using
laser beams, physicians can perform surgery inside the body,
sometimes eliminating the need for invasive procedures in which
healthy tissue must be cut through to reach the site of disease.
Many of these procedures do not require anesthesia and can be
performed in a physician’s office. These techniques have reduced
the risk and the cost of medical care.
laser beams, physicians can perform surgery inside the body,
sometimes eliminating the need for invasive procedures in which
healthy tissue must be cut through to reach the site of disease.
Many of these procedures do not require anesthesia and can be
performed in a physician’s office. These techniques have reduced
the risk and the cost of medical care.
Passage 2
Just as optical fibers have transformed communication, they are
also revolutionizing medicine. These ultra-thin, flexible fibers
have opened a window into the living tissues of the body. By inserting
optical fibers through natural openings or small incisions and threading
them along the body’s established pathways, physicians can look into
the lungs, intestines, heart, and other areas that were formerly
inaccessible to them.
also revolutionizing medicine. These ultra-thin, flexible fibers
have opened a window into the living tissues of the body. By inserting
optical fibers through natural openings or small incisions and threading
them along the body’s established pathways, physicians can look into
the lungs, intestines, heart, and other areas that were formerly
inaccessible to them.
The basic fiber-optics system is called a fiberscope, which consists
of two bundles of fibers. One, the illuminating bundle, carries light to
the tissues. It is coupled to a high-intensity light source. Light enters
the cores of the high-purity silicon glass and travels along the fibers.
A lens at the end of the bundle collects the light and focuses it into
the other bundle: the imaging bundle. Each fiber in the bundle transmits
only a tiny fraction of the total image. The reconstructed image can
be viewed through an eyepiece or displayed on a television screen.
During the last five years, improved methods of fabricating optical
fibers have led to a reduction in fiberscope diameter and an increase
in the number of fibers, which in turn has increased resolution.
of two bundles of fibers. One, the illuminating bundle, carries light to
the tissues. It is coupled to a high-intensity light source. Light enters
the cores of the high-purity silicon glass and travels along the fibers.
A lens at the end of the bundle collects the light and focuses it into
the other bundle: the imaging bundle. Each fiber in the bundle transmits
only a tiny fraction of the total image. The reconstructed image can
be viewed through an eyepiece or displayed on a television screen.
During the last five years, improved methods of fabricating optical
fibers have led to a reduction in fiberscope diameter and an increase
in the number of fibers, which in turn has increased resolution.
Optical fibers can also be used to deliver the laser light. By using
laser beams, physicians can perform surgery inside the body,
sometimes eliminating the need for invasive procedures in which
healthy tissue must be cut through to reach the site of disease.
Many of these procedures do not require anesthesia and can be
performed in a physician’s office. These techniques have reduced
the risk and the cost of medical care.
laser beams, physicians can perform surgery inside the body,
sometimes eliminating the need for invasive procedures in which
healthy tissue must be cut through to reach the site of disease.
Many of these procedures do not require anesthesia and can be
performed in a physician’s office. These techniques have reduced
the risk and the cost of medical care.
6. What is the main subject of the passage?
a. A revolution in communication
b. The role of optical fibers in medicine
c. New surgical techniques
d. The invention of optical fibers
7. In paragraph 1, the author uses the expression “have opened the window”
to indicate that the use of optical fibers ____________________.
to indicate that the use of optical fibers ____________________.
a. has enabled scientists to make amazing discoveries
b. sometimes requires a surgical incision
c. allows doctors to see inside the body without major surgery
d. has been unknown to the general public until quite recently
8. According to the passage, what is the purpose of the illuminating bundle in a fiberscope?
a. To carry light into the body
b. To collect and focus light
c. To reconstruct images
d. To perform surgery inside the body
9. According to the passage, how do the fiberscopes used today differ from those used five years ago?
a. They are brighter lights.
b. They are longer.
c. They contain more fibers.
d. They are larger in diameter.
10. Which of the followings is NOT mentioned by the author as one of the
advantages of laser surgery techniques?
advantages of laser surgery techniques?
a. They can be performed in a physician’s office.
b. They are safer than conventional surgery.
c. They can often be performed without anesthesia.
d. They are relatively easy to teach to physicians.
ADVANCED MIXED EXERCISE
Error Identification
ADVANCED MIXED EXERCISE
Error Identification
11. (a) In the (b) past decade, the rate of adolescent survivors of childhood
cancer (c) significantly increased (d) due to advances in treatment of
cancer as well as the quality of care.
cancer (c) significantly increased (d) due to advances in treatment of
cancer as well as the quality of care.
(a) In
(b) past decade,
(c) significantly increased
(d) due to
12. Participants exercise on a (a) static bike or treadmill while (b) watching
video clips of different (c) environments, (d) included some from the
country.
video clips of different (c) environments, (d) included some from the
country.
(a) static
(b) watching
(c) environments,
(d) included
13. Before (a) deciding about (b) opening another restaurant, a fast-food
company must consider (c) to invest a lot of money and decide on
(d) operating hours if it is to succeed.
company must consider (c) to invest a lot of money and decide on
(d) operating hours if it is to succeed.
(a) deciding
(b) opening
(c) to invest
(d) operating
14. Quality (a) customer-service leaders know (b) that (c) what their team
members want and (d) provide it.
members want and (d) provide it.
(a) customer-service
(b) that
(c) what
(d) provide it.
15. He suggests that she (a) completes the application form (b) carefully and
as (c) clearly as possible (d) so that we can assess it properly.
as (c) clearly as possible (d) so that we can assess it properly.
(a) completes
(b) carefully
(c) clearly
(d) so that
Sentence Completion
Sentence Completion
16. Hunting wild animals is strictly prohibited, for some species nearly come to
________.
________.
a. existence
b. expedition
c. extinction
d. extension
17. She has ________ all her life to the care of homeless people, so in my opinion
she should be highly praised.
she should be highly praised.
a. divided
b. deviated
c. devoted
d. diverted
18. I can’t afford to study at this college because the tuition _______ is very
high.
high.
a. fair
b. fare
c. fee
d. fine
19. Galileo’s belief in the importance of scientific experimentation __________ him
out as one of the first modern scientists. His mathematical description of
ways objects fall is still _____________ today.
out as one of the first modern scientists. His mathematical description of
ways objects fall is still _____________ today.
a. brings - sensible
b. rules - factual
c. marks - valid
d. singles – doubtful
20. Unfortunately, the hospital had no ________ beds, so I needed to stay at
home.
home.
a. vague
b. vacant
c. occupied
d. curable
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