Phlebotomy

Which is a common timed specimen?
Glucose levels
Iron levels
Cortisol levels
All of the above
Therapeutic phlebotomy refers to a prescribed amount of blood withdrawn in order to treat blood disorders except ___________.
Gouty arthritis
Hemochromatosis
Polycythemia vera
Porphyria
Symptoms of diabetes include all of the following except___________.
Frequent urination
Blurred vision
Lightheadedness
All are symptoms
Specimen collected for forensic testing may include the following except:
Blood
Hair
Skin
All can be used
Which is not a criteria for a blood donor candidate?
Age of 16 years
Be in overall good health
Weight minimum of 110 pounds
Have sufficient amount of hemoglobin and/or hematocrite
The majority of alcohol will be broken down within the ____________.
Gut
Liver
Kidneys
Brain
Which is a cause for lasting or prolonged bleeding time?
Platelate disorder
Fibrinogen disorders
Medications like aspirin
All can be causes
Which is not correct about tourniquet Application?
Tourniquets should remain on a patient for more than one minute
If left on longer, integrity of blood and health of patient may be at risk
Prolonged tourniquet applications may lead to tissue or nerve damage
If no vein can be found, the phlebotomist should try an alternate site
Which is a Phlebotomy procedural complication that needs the patient laid down for the procedure
Allergic reation
Bleeding does not stop
Fainting
Hematoma
Serum specimens should be transported to the lab within three hours in order to avoid erroneous results.
True
False
Which of the following additives is found in Purple top tubes?
EDTA
Potassium Oxalate
Heparin
Clot activator
Which tube colour top contains the additive ACD (Acid-citrate dextrose)?
Red
Royal blue
Light blue
Yellow
Which colour top tube is used for blood culture?
Yellow
Light Blue
Gold
Red
Which is not correct about Bar Codes?
These are Codes that are machine-readable
Usually consists of numbers and patterns of lines printed on labels
It's not used for patient's names, ID number, and DOB
Used for specimen accession numbers
Which colour is correct for 21 gauge?
White top
Yellow Top
Green Top
Black Top
Which equipment is not used for arterial puncture?
Syringe
Tourniquet
Test tubes
Dry and Wet sterile cotton
Which is not correct about labeling tubes?
Labeling samples is essential and must be accurate
Automated systems may not have labels that use bar codes
Elements of labeles include: patient's first, middle and surname (must match requisition form)
Elements of label may include patient's ID number (must match requistion form)
Although several different sites may be used for capillary puncture, the most accessible, and therefore most commonly used site is the____________.
Dorsal or back of hand
Palmer or lateral surface of the finger
Antecubital site of arm
Cubital aspect of arm
In general the ___________veins of the arm are most preferred for venipuncture.
Radial
Basilic
Cephalic
Median Cubital Veins
A breakdown of glucose is referred to as ___________.
Lipolysis
Glycolysis
Proteolysis
Carbolysis
Small blood vessels in microcirculation that carry oxygen-deprived blood from the capillaries back to the veins are called___________.
Arterioles
Venules
Capillaries
Continous capillaries
Which is not a lower extermity vein?
Brachial artery
Great saphneous vein
Lateral marginal vein
Femoral vein
Which is not part of a Portal Sytem Veins?
Portal vein
Lineal vein
Short gastric vein
Carotid
Which is not part of cardiac veins?
Great cardiac vein
Saphenous vein
Oblique vein of the left atrium
Left marginal vein
Which is not true about arteries?
Carry oxygen deprived blood away from the heart
Carry oxyen-rich blood away from the heart with exception of the pulmonary and umblical arteries
Blood pressure can be measured due to arterial pressure variation between heart contraction and relaxation
The pressure difference of the arteries creates a pulse which reflects the activity of the heart
The arterial system develops from the aortic arches as well as the dorsal aorta at ________weeks of human development.
10
5
6
4
There are three major types of blood vessels in human body, these are_________, __________, and _________
Muscles, arteries, veins
Valves, arteries, capillaries
Arteries, capillaries, heart
Arteries, capillaries, veins
Platelates are also known as __________
Erythrocytes
Leucocytes
Thrombocytes
All
Which is the correct percentage for the proportions of White blood cells?
Neutrophil 0.5-1%
Lymphocyte 50-70%
Neutrophil 50-70%
Lymphocyte 3-8%
Red blood is similar to a ____________lens and they contain no __________.
Biconcave, Hemoglobin
Biconcave, Nucleus
Biconvex, Hemoglobin
Biconvex, Nucleus
The fucntion of the blood is to carry materials to the bodily tissues. These materials are:
Hormones
Vitamines
Oxygen
All
Abnormal or irregualr heart rates can be caused by many factors, including___________.
Stress
Caffeine
Nictone
All
Blood pressure measurement without specification usually refers to the systemic arterial pressure that is measured on the inside of an elbow at the ____________artery at a person's upper arm.
Radial
Carotid
Aortic
Brachial
If patients develop infections while in the hospital that were not present before hospitalization, the infection is classfified as ____________
Community acquired
Incubation Period
Infection control
Nosocomial
Institution which provides medical and surgical teatment is called _______________.
Pharmaceutical firm
Research firm
Blood bank
Hospital
Quality improvement methods may include the use of data-based methods in order to reach improvement. Such methods may include charts used to break out components into diagrams inorder to understand a process. This kind of chart is called________________.
Pareto Chart
Bar Graph
Flowchart
Barcodes
Therapeutic Phlebotomy (removal of large amount of blood) is often used as treatment for all except________.
Hemochromatosis
Porphyria Cutanea Tarda
Polycythemia
Pericardiocenthesis
Job tasks of a Phlebotomist may not include ___________.
Reporting possible hazards
Labeling and storing blood collection devices
Drawing blood and/or other specimens
Interpreting Laboratory results
Building or room where tests are performed to evauate specimens inorder to diagnose medical conditions is called ___________
Clinic
Doctor's office
Blood bank
Laboratory
Heart rate of 120 - 160 beats per minute is for __________
Adult athletes
13 years and older
6-12 years of age
Newborn
The process of development in which new red blood cells are produced is called______________.
Senescence
Fucntional Life time
Erythropoiesis
Hematopoesis
For a normal blood specimen, it usually takes _________for the blood to clot.
5-9 days
5000 -10,000 platelates
30-60 minutes
1-2 hours
Small vessels located in the liver, spleen and bone marrow are called __________________
Capillaries
Venules
Arterioles
Sinusoids
Which is not one of the main arteries of the human body?
Ascending aorta
Arch of aorta
Gonadal arteries
Superior and Inferior Venacava
Which is not one of the veins of the Eye/Skull?
Superior ophtahlmic vein
Inferior ophthalmic vein
Two transverse sinuses
Dorsal digital vein
Which is not a lower extermity vein?
Saphenous vein
Dorsal digital vein
Intercapitular vein
Portal vein
The angle of insertion for a venipuncture proceedure is _____________
10 - 20 degree
30 - 45 degree
20 -40 degree
15 - 30 degree
A branch of chemistry, biology, and medicine that focuses on the study of the adverse effects of chemicals on living organisms is called_______________.
Pathology
Pharmacology
Otolaryngology
Toxicology
What did the phlebotomist do to ensure that a large enough sample could be collected for the test?
Massaged the patient's finger
Cleansed the puncture site with alcohol
Performed liquid quality controls on the glucometer
All
Which of the following should the phlebotomist identify when documenting a glucose level of 50mg/dL
A level within the expected range
A critical value
An acceptable result for a patient who has type 2 diabetes mellitus
All
For Oral glucose tolerance test, the patient finished drinking the glucose solution at 0904. What time should the phlebotomist document for the time that the test started?
0900
0904
0905
0910
For Oral glucose tolerance test, the patient finished drinking the glucose solution at 0904. What time should the second blood and urine collection be documented after patient took 3-hour glucose tolerance test at 0904?
1004
1005
1104
1114
For Oral glucose tolerance test, the patient finished drinking the glucose solution at 0904. What time should the last collections be performed after patient took 3-hour glucose tolerance test at 0904?
1204
1205
1214
1215
Tom, a phlebotomist technician, is preparing to collect a blood sample from Mrs. Coleman, who has an IV infusion in her right arm and scarring from a previous burn injury on her left forearm in the antecubital area and the upper forearm. Which of the following should the phlebtomist choose to perform venipuncture for this patient?
Dorsal side of the wrist
Dorsal side of the hand
Plantar surface of the foot
Antecubital area of the left arm
Which is microorganism that causes infections and disesaes?
Urinalysis
Urinary catheter
Varicella
Virus
Which is correct about Varicella?
A micro-organism that causes infections and diseases
Large veins that return deoxygenated bloood from the body to the heart
A viral infection that causes a blister like rash, itching, fatigue, and fever (chickepox)
An evalaution of urine by physical, chemical, and microscopic testing methods
A form of phlebotomy prescribed as treatment for patients who have polycythemia vera or hemochromatosis is ______________
Transfix
Tortuous
Thermolabile
Therapeutic phlebotomy
A bacterial infection of the lungs that causes fever, cough, weight loss, chills, and night sweats is ______________
Tuberculosis
Transfix
Thrombosed
Pneumonia
Saliva test, which is the correct description?
Straw-coloured liquid portion of the blood visible after the specimen has been allowed to clot and after centrifugation
Thickened or scarred vein or vessel caused by repeated venipuncture
A collection of the fluids from the patient's oral cavity to help monitor hormone, drug, and alcohol levels
Itchy skin rash resulting from mites burrowing under the skin
Which is correct definition of random urine?
A chemical substance that reacts in specific, predictable ways to detect or synthesize other substances in chemical reactions
A urine specimen collected at any time of day for screening purposes; no preparation is required
A laboratory that is outside a patient care facility and can perform many more types of testing than are available at the average hospital's laboratory
An evalaution of urine by physical, chemical, and microscopic testing methods
Laboratory standards the CDC established to help maintain the highest level of test accuracy possible is termed as: ________________
Quality control
Point of care (POC)
Quality assurance
Protected Health information(PHI)
The measure of how well an instrument can produce the same result over a period of time, thus ensuring precision in laboratory testing and accuracy in test results is ________________
Quality assurance
Postprandial
POC
Quality control
The removal of blood plasma from whole blood is termed as :__________________
Plasma
Pnumatic Tube system
Plasmapheresis
Phenylketonuria(PKU)
Pathogen is defined as :_____________
Disease-causing microorganism
Peripheral blood smear
PNS
PPE
Which is small hemorrhagic spots that appear under the surface of the skin______________?
Hematoma
Petechiae
Rash
Hemoconcenrtration
Phlebitis:
An abnormal reaction to or a change resulting from exposure to light
Removal of blood plasma from whole blood
Hardening of a vessel
Inflammation of a blood vessel
A method of transportation and distribution of laboratory rest results and other documentation is termed as:____________________ .
Pneumatic tube System
N95 or N99 respirator
Candidiasis
Osmosis
The process of supplying the body and tissues with Oxygen is termed : ______________.
Deoxygenation
Carboxylation
Dehydrogenation
Oxygenation
In the Cycle of infection the phase how a Pathogen moves to a host via direct or indirect contact with people is which one?
Portal of Exit
Portal of Entry
Means of transmission
Mode of Exit
Measles correct is:_____________________
A protozoa that causes fever, cough, runny nose, blotchy rash, and tuny white spots inside the mouth.
A virus that causes fever, cough, runny nose, blotchy rash, and tuny white spots inside the mouth.
A bacteria that causes fever, cough, runny nose, blotchy rash, and tuny white spots inside the mouth.
A vector for transmission that causes fever, cough, runny nose, blotchy rash, and tuny white spots inside the mouth.
For Oral glucose tolerance test, the patient finished drinking the glucose solution at 0904. The first sample was taken at ___________________
0859
0858
0759
0800
For Oral glucose tolerance test, the patient finished drinking the glucose solution at 0904. How many minutes does the patient had to drink the solution?
15
10
5
2
The most inner lining of tubular structures including the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines is called_________________.
Median Cubital vein
Medical Asepsis
Gastrointestinal
Mucous Membrane
Mr. John developed fever and neck stiffness. He had an infection of the membranes of the brain and spinal cord. Mr. John harbored_________________..
Meningitis
Microorganisms
Mechanical ventilation
Lymphadeopathy
A term designating a direction towards the sides and away from the center of the body is _______________.
Medial
Lateral
Lumen
Anterior
A urinalysis result revealed that ketones are positive, what does it mean?
Bases that form from the breakdown of fatty acids in the abscence of insulin
Acids that form from the breakdown of fatty acids in the abscence of insulin
Bases that form from the breakdown of fatty acids in the presence of insulin
Bases that form from the breakdown of protiens in the abscence of insulin
Methods that protect people from exposure to a contagion or protect an immunocompromized individual from acquiring an infection is termed as ____________________
Infection
Immunocompromized
Isolation
HIV
Decreeased thyroid fucntion is described as:
Hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism
Hyperaldosteronism
Ms. Melissa had been drawn repeatedly and she developed an aftermath anemia. Melissa harbors ______________
A - Iatrogenic anemia
B - Anemia caused by collecting too much blood from a patient by volume in a given amount of time
C - Infection
A and B
The hematocrite of a patient is 45%. Which is the correct description of this lab result?
Portion of blood that is expressed as a percentage by volume and consists of packaged red blood cells is 45%
A collection of blood underneath the skin is about 45%
High iron count
Excessive accumulation of blood into an area of the body, usually caused by a tourniquet left on too long or a patient pumping their fist
A virus that causes blisters either around the mouth and lips (cold sores) or genital area is termed as_________________
Hypothyroidism
Hormone
Herpes simplex
Hemostasis
Which is the name for sample specimens with known laboratory values, used prior to processing a patient's sample?
Control material
Coagulation
CLIA-waived
Clean-catch midsrream
Which is an antiseptic antibactaerial agent used to help clease the patient's skin for blood collection?
Chemical strip
Chemotaxis
Chlorhexidine gluconate
Chain of custody
The chronological documentation (paper trail) showing the acquistion, custody, control, transfer, analysis, and disposition specimens that provide evidence is called _______________
A. Chain of Custody
B. COC
C. Blood borne Pathogen Standard
A and B
Cerebrospinal Fluid, correct is:
Liquid that surrounds the heart and blood vessels
Liquid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord
Liquid that surrounds the lungs and Lymphatic system
All
Which is a vein that runs along the lateral side of the antecubital region, the second choice of vein for venipuncutre, can result in slight pain for the patient due to the location is called_______________.
Median Cubital vein
Basilic Vein
Cephalic Vein
Antebrachial vein
Which is correct about CPR?
A basic emergency procedure in cases of cardiopulmonary arrest to re-establish effective circulation and ventilation
An colour less, odour less, gas entering the body through a mask
Also known as dermal puncture
A basic emergency procedure in cases of cardiopulmonary arrest to decrease the effectiveness of Oxygen entering the lungs
Which is the soft tissue inside bones that produces blood-forming cells?
Blood smear
Bone marrow
Blood doping
Blood culture
Injection of blood cells or blood substitutes to increase athletic enducrance by boosting the blood stream's oxygen-carrying capacity is termed as_______________
Blood culture
Blood bank
Blood doping
Blood alcohol content (BAC)
Which is correct about BBP standard?
Deficiency of the enzyme that breaks down biotin
A place where blood is collected from donors, typed, seprated for transfuion to recipients; a blood bank may be a separate free-standing facility, or part of a larger laboratoy in a hospital
An OSHA - manadated set of requirements concerning protection against pathogenic micro-organisms that are transmitted via human blood and cause disesae in humans
A CLIA - manadated set of requirements concerning protection against pathogenic micro-organisms that are transmitted via human blood and cause disesae in human
Which is not correct about the yellow or orange product of the break down of hemoglobin?
It needs to be protected from light
You can cover it with an aluminium foil or put it in an amber tube to handle the specimen
It is called billrubin
It is also called biotin
Which is the correct insertion of needle in blood draw?
Bevel down, 15 degree
Bevel down, 45 degree
Bevel up, 15 degree
Bevel up, 45 degree
A test used as an evaluatioin of the patency of ulnar and radial arteries before performing an Arterial puncture is which of the following?
Phalen's test
Phlegmen's test
Allen's test
Cardiac test
Chain-of-Custody guidelines help maintain control of and accountability for specimens for forensic studies, ______________, and drug screening.
Reference laboratories
Waived Tests
Blood alcohol content (BAC)
Hematologic tests
After ensuring the patient's safety and completing the venipuncture procedure accurately, the next step is to ____________________and ___________________.
Identify and Continue on blood draw
Process the specimen and properly transport it to the laboratory.
To give accession number and check for test accuracy
Send the specimen to lab and report results
The time it takes for the entire process - including ordering, specimen collection, transportation, processing, analysis, and reporting-is the __________________.
Acession number time
Turn around time
Analysis Time
Reporting time
Which is not correct in the steps of centrifugation?
Pre-centrifugation - is the handling and processing of speicmens before collection and after centrifugation
Pre-centrifugation - is the handling and processing of speicmens after collection and before centrifugation
Post-centrifugation - is the handling and processing of specimens once the centrifugation process is complete
Centrifugation - is the process of specimens by spinning them in a centrifuge at high speeds, facing the heavy elements of the speimen (blood cells) to move to the bottom of the tube and the lighter substances (serum, plasma) to remain at the top
Which is not correct on Centrifugation?
Some specimens require centrifuging or other additional processing prior to transporting them to the reference laboratory
Specimens that require separating the serum or plasma from the cells require centrifuging
All centrifuges can accomodate all tube sizes, while others have adapters for various sizes
All are correct
Which is correct in special handling of specimens?
Bilirubin is thermolabile so should be placed in ice slurry
Vitamine A is thermolabile and needs to be placed in heat block
Bilirubin is photosensitive and needs to be exposed to light
In handling thermolabile specimens - avoid fluctuating tempratuers
Which is correct about aliquot?
Aliquote specimens 2 hours after completing the centrifugation process
Aliquote specimens 2 hours after completing the collection process
To aliquote a sample, hold the empty tube adjacent to the specimen tube, use a diposable pipette to transfer the serum (without cells) from the specimen tube to the aliquote tube, and label the specimen accordingly
To aliquote a sample, hold the empty tube adjacent to the specimen tube, use a diposable pipette to transfer the serum (without cells) from the specimen tube to the aliquote tube, but donot label the specimen at this time
Which of the following is not correct in special handling of specimens?
Ammonia and lactic acid the blood tube must sit in an ice slurry (a thick mixture of water and ice) immediately after collection
Cold agglutinins teh sample must remain at body temprature - 37 oC (98.6 oF)
Cold agglutinins teh sample must remain at freezing temprature - 4 oC
Protect blood samples for bilurubin and folate levels by wrapping the blood tube in foil
The process that maintains control of an accountability for each specimen from the time of collection to the time fo disposal is the ________________
Chain of Custody
Drug testing
Blood Born Pathogen Standard
OSHA
Which is not correct on drug testing?
The department of HHS initiated federal drug testing, which is mandatory for some government employees and many private - sector employees .
Workplace drug testing often follows the US state Department mandated testing regulatio
Workplace drug testing often follows the US Department of transportaion's mandated testing regulations
Many employers require urine drug testing and use the Federal Drug testing custody and control Form (CCF) for the process.
Which is not correct on drug testing?
Urine drug tests can usually detect marijuana use within the past 4 weeks
Urine drug tests can usually detect marijuana use within the past week
Urine drug tests can usually detect cocain. Heroin and other illegal drugs with in the past 2 days
Drug testing measure the degree of impairment or the frequency of use
The method to perform peripheral smear is _________________
Blood culture
Wedge method
Inborn errors of metabolism
Angle of insertion
Which is correct about a buccal swab?
It is not different from a throat swab in where the specimen is collected
A buccal swab is collected from the inside of the throat to collect a patient's DNA
A buccal swab is collected from the inside of the cheek in the mouth to collect a patient's DNA
When performing a buccal test you donot need to introduce yourself, properly identify the patient with atleast two patient identifiers
Which is not correct about throat swab?
A throat swab is a culture specimen usually obtained to test for strep throat
Perform the test with a kit that has instructions for proper procedures
For throat swab collections, wipe both cheeks, wash hands before and after performing the test
Wear golves, and change them between patients
Which is not correct about Semen specimen collection?
Semen specimens are used to perform sperm counts to help assess infertility
They can be used to help prove identity in rape cases
Unlike urine and blood specimen collections, you donot need to introduce yourself and confirm patient identity
Patients should be instructed on how long to refrain from ejaculation prior to specimen collection
Fecal tests are performed to determine if a patient has a possible __________
Bacterial infection
Parasites
Occult blood
All is correct
Which is not one of the important instructions used in Fecal Specimen collection?
Use a clean container with a lid
Place labels on the specimens infront of the patient and on the container
A label on the lid can be misplaced when the lid is removed
Placing the label on the container doesnot help the specimen properly identified
Which is not correct on urine specimen tests?
It is the most commonly performed diagnostic tests
Many provders order urinalysis because it is cheaper
Many providers order urinalysis becasue it is low risk
All are correct
Providers order a variety of urine tests. Which is not a kind of urine test ordered?
Culture and Sensitivity (C&S)
Drug testing
Clean catch mid stream
H&H
Which is the last STEP in Random urine Collection?
Label all specimens on the side of the container (not the Lid)
Label all specimens in front of the patient
Promptly test and transport specimens
Dispose of urine per facility guidelines (unless contaminated with blood, which needs to be disposed of as biohazard waste per OSHA)
Which is not correct on Glucose Tolerance Test?
Follow the basic recommendations for a urine specimen collection, with the special instructions required for the tests
When performing a GTT, confirm that the patient is fasting (usually for 12hours)
Blood and urine tests should be performed at the same time in the order recommended by the facility
If the specimens are not collected on time, donot document the reason just document the date and time.
Which is correct about Postprandial test?
A postprandial urine test requires a patient to void and then eat a meal
A postprandial urine test requires a patient to eat a meal and then void
A urine specimen is collected 4 hours after a patient eats a prescribed amount of carbohydrates or glucose solution
For patients who have hypertension, this test monitors the effects of a prescribed insulin dosage
24-hour urine collection,correct is:
For 36 hour urine collection, the patient receives a container (with a lid) large enought to hold 3 to 4 liters of fluid
For 24 hour urine collection, the patient receives a container (with a lid) large enought to hold 3 to 4 liters of fluid
For 36 hour urine collection, the patient receives a container (with a lid) large enought to hold 5 to 6 liters of fluid
For 24 hour urine collection, the patient receives a container (with a lid) large enought to hold 5 to 6 liters of fluid
Which is not correct on Clean-catch midstream collection?
A clean catch midstream urine collection requires collection of the last volume of urine
A clean catch midstream urine collection requires collection of the middle volume of urine
Inform the patient to void a small amount of urine into the toilet, and then begin the collection
Stoop collecting the urine before the urine flow is complete by moving the container
Culture and sensitivity (C&S) which is not correct?
To perform a clean catch midstream urine specimen collectin for C&S testing, provide the patient with additional instructions over clean catch-midstream collection
To help prevent contamination from bacteria on the surface of the labia or penis, use antiseptic wipe to cleanse the genitals prior to the collection
The wipes are an antiseptic of choice of the facility, you can use either alcohol or hydrogen peroxide or iodine to cleanse the area
Alcohol, peroxide or iodine are harsh to use as antiseptics for C&S and can hurt the patient or damage delicate tissue
Which is not correct about a urine test?
C&S: The urine can be collected into a non-sterile container
C&S: The urine can be collected into a non-sterile container that has a lid placed on it, then the urine is transported into another vessel
Urine analysis can be done with Chemical anaysis can be done using a reagent strip
A reagent strip is dipped into the urine for the time ordered by the type of test, removed, and analyzed
Saliva specimens are not used to test which of the following?
Hormones
Alcohol levels
Drug levels
Used for all
If saliva specimen kit doesnot have instructions what do you do?
Check with the facility for proper instructions
Discard the kit
Do the procedures as propmted by the Coworker
All
Saliva test is different sputum test in that Sputum is collected from _________,
Stomach secretions using Nasogastric tubes(NGT)
Intubated lungs
Lungs, trachea and bronchi
Fluid from the oral cavity
Which is not correct on fecal tests?
Fecal tests are performed to detemine if a patient has a possible bacterial infection, parasites, and occult blood
Specific dietary instructions may not needed prior to the patient collecting a specimen
Use a clean container to make sure that the test is as accurate as possible
Place labels on the speimens in front of the patient, and on the container (not the lid - a label on the lid can be misplaced when the lid is removed)
Which is not true about Semen specimes?
Semen specimens are used to perform sperm counts to help assess fertility
It can be used to help prove the identity in rape cases
Like urine and blood specimen collections wash hands and don gloves before handling specimens
Patients should not be told on how long to refrain from ejaculation prior to specimen collection
Which is correct on Semen collection?
Use condom
Donot use condoms; many condoms contain spermicides, which will adverely affect test results
Keep the specimen refrigerated.
You can send the speimen exposing to light
Which is not correct about throat swab collection?
A throat swab is a culture specimen usually obtained to test for strep throat
You will perform the test with a kit that has instructions for proper procedures
If there are no instructions, review facility requirements for the test
For throat swab collections, wipe both cheeks, the throat, tonsils and all areas that look inflammed or infected with the swab
Which is correct on buccal swab?
A buccal swab differs from a throat swab in where the specimen is collected
A buccal swab is collected from the back of the throat to test DNA
Commonly the collection is performed by harshly rubbing a sterile swab against the inside of the patient's cheek
All
Which of the following tests doesnot belong as part of the job duties of phlebotomists?
Blood cultures
Inborn errors of metabolism screenings
Non blood specimens
All belongs to a phlebotomists' scope
Which isnot correct about Processing Specimens?
Correct specimen collection, preparation, for transport, handling, and quality control are essential for each test to be accurate.
You must some times perform POC testing or send samples to reference laboratories where correct handling is necessary for ensuring accurate test results
Errors in collection might go unnoticed, causing inaccurate resluts and possbile rejection and often require recollection of specimens
COC guidleines doesnot help to maintain control of and accountability for specimens for forensic studies, BAC and drug screening
POC stands for
Preparation of Care
Point of Care testing
Point of Carbon
All
COC stands for
Chain of Custody
Carrier of Custody
Cancelation of Care
All
Which is a correct statement on specimen processing?
In a hospital or a large laboratory facility, you will handle specimens and perform testing on site
It is imperative to follow specimen-handling processes with accuracy only in a reference laboratory and not while performing POC
Prior to processing, important steps in handling and handling include mixing the sample creating aliquots but not adding diluents an centrifuging or packaging
Following thermal and light-sensitive procedures is not necessary in processing specimens
Which is not correct on thermolabile specimens?
Use a heat or heat blocks to regulate temptrature
Use ice slurries, refrigerators or freesers for chilling purposes
Use room tempratures for chilling purposes
Avoid fluctuating tempratures
Which is the definiton of Photosenstive specimens?
Protect these from light
Protect these from heat
Protect these from freezing
Protect these from hemolyzing
Which is not correct on Centrifuging?
All specimens require centrifuging and other additional processing prior to transporting them to the reference lab.
Specimens that require separating the serum or plasma from the cells require centrifuging
To use the correct centrifuge, be aware of the correct tube type, rotor, spin time, capacity, noise level, and proximity to other equipment
The type of rotor can produce either a flat gel barrier or an angled gel barrier
Which is not a step of centrifugation?
Pre-centrifugation
Centrifugation
Post-centrifugation
Aliquoting
_____________specimens right after completing the centrifugation process
Aliquote
Pack
Place in biohazard
Wrap in aluminium foil
In many settings, the phlebotomy team accepts and __________(check in) all specimens that come into the laboratory for testing.
Waives
Accessions
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It is important to know how to __________and _________specimens correctly.
Draw, distribute
Absorb, send
Process, handle
All
Handling requirements doesnot include pre-collection specifics like_____________
Time
Temprature
Light
Color
Change ___________between each specimen.
Gloves
Container
Lids
Sample
When handling preserved urine specimens, keep the tubes at room temprature no longer than __________ before performing a urinalysis with chemical reagent strip testing.
24 hours
48 hours
72 hours
2 hours
Urine culture: Keep tubes for culture and sensitivity (C&S) tests at ___________temprature for upto 72 hours.
Room
High
Freezing
All
Which is not correct on specimen handling?
Delivery of specimens from clinics or blood-collection stations to reference laboratories should be as prompt as possible
With delays between collection and processing, glucose in blood cells can break down and interfere with results of various tests (like Phosphorus, glucose, aldosterone, calcitonin, enzymes)
Microbiologic specimens may not need to be transferred immediately
Microbiologic specimens should be transferred immediately so that the laboratory technicians can transfer the specimens to the culture media or incubator
Which is not included as a specimen delivery method?
Hand delivery
Pneumatic tube systems
Automated carrier
Pneumatology carrier system
Which specimen delivery method is, usually, used in an inpatient setting?
Hand delivery
Pneumatic tube systems
Automated carrier
All
Which specimen delivery method uses a transport vehicle, such as a motorized container car that travels on a network of tracks to various destinations within the facility?
Hand delivery
Pneumatic tube systems
Automated carrier
All
Which is correct about Pneumatic tube systems?
It is used in Medical offices to send and receive laboratory specimens, patient's records, medications, and bills to and from stations in the patient care area and the in-house laboratory and pharmacy
It is used in hspitals to send and receive laboratory specimens, patient's records, medications, and bills to and from stations in the patient care area and the in-house laboratory and pharmacy
Each sending station throughout the hospital has a wooden box built into the buildoing
Most donot have locable doors or passcode entries for gaining access to the containers the system uses
Which is correct on Pneumatic tube systems?
After completing specimen collection, labeling specimen tubes, and completing laboratory requisitions, load and secure the specimen in the container, place it in the tube at the sending station, and close the door
Enter data into the computer to send the specimen to the proper department, double checking that alll information is correct
Sending to the incorrect department can cause a delay in processing of the specimen.
All are correct
Chain of Custody is _________________
Process that involves various types of specimens, for example, from vaginal swabs after rape, blood and body fluids from crime scenes, and postmortem specimens from autopsies
The department of Human and Health services that initiated federal drug testing which is mandatory for some government employees and many private-sector employees
All
The process that maintains control of and acountability for each specimen from the time of collection to the time of disposal
Forensic Specimens:
Process that involves various types of specimens, for example, from vaginal swabs after rape, blood and body fluids from crime scenes, and postmortem specimens from autopsies
The department of Human and Health services that initiated federal drug testing which is mandatory for some government employees and many private-sector employees
The process that maintains control of and acountability for each specimen from the time of collection to the time of disposal
All
Which is not correct about Chain of Custody processes?
Label the specimen correctly and place it in a biohazard bag with a permanent seal that verifies that no one has opened it until it is ready to analysis
These specimens are not legal evidences
There must be no tampering with the specimens until they reach their final destination
An intact seal provided evidence that there has been no tampering during the specimen's transfer to the laboratoy
Which of the following is not a type of a forensic specimens?
Vaginal swabs after rape
Pap smear
Blood and body fluids from crime scenes
Postmortem specimens from autopsies
Many employers require urine drug testing and use the Federal Drug Testing _________________for the process
Chain of Custody Record
Custody and Control Form (CCF)
Blood borne Pathogen (BBP)
PDR (Physician Desk
Urine drug tests can usually detect _____________use within the past week.
Cocaine
Heroin
Marijuana
All
Urine drug tests can usually detect _____________use within the 2 days
Cocaine
Heroin
Marijuana
Cocaine and Heroin
Urine drug tests donot measure _____________________
The degree of impairment
The frequency of use
Both
None
Which is not correct about Work-place drug testing?
It ensures compliance with federal regulations, customer contracts, and insurance carrier requirements
Reinforces a company's no-drug-use policy
Have nothing to do with the company's no-drug-use policy
Minimizes the risk of hiring an employee who uses drugs illicitly
Which is correct on Sports-related drug testing?
Detects use of stimulants
Encourages regulation of nutritional and dietary supplements
Analyzes blood and urine to detect blood doping or the use of erythropoetin
All are correct
Which is not a stimulant drug?
Amphetamines
Beta 2 agonists
Anabolic steroids
All are
The use of laboratory information systems requires knowledge of software and hardware components to communicate effectively with non-laboratory personnel. You will use these and other essential instruments for which of the folowing tasks?
Transmitting test requisitions electonically or in print format
Creating specimen labels, collection lists, and schedules
Monitoring and updating necessary specimens records
All
______________detects the use of cocaine,, opiates, amphetamines, methamphetamines, and phencyclidine, which cause prenatal drug use 24-72 hours prior to child birth if the newborn's urine is positive for these substances
Work place drug testing
Sports-related drug testing
Neonatal drug testing
All
____________________detects use of stimulants (amphetamines, anabolics steroid, alcohol, diuretics, street drugs, peptide hormones, anti-estrogens, beta-agonists) to enhance athletic performance.
Workplace drug testing
Sports-related drug testing
Neonatal drug testing
None
_______________ensures complaince with federal regulations, customer contracts, and insurance carrier requirements
Workplace testing
Sports-related drug testing
Neonatal drug testing
All
Which test analyzes blood and urine to detect blood doping or the use of erythropoietin
Workplace testing
Sports-related drug testing
Neonatal drug testing
All
Which is required on the Chain of Custody Record form?
Name and identifying information of the patient, body, subject, or object the specimen came from
Name of the person who obtained and processed the specimen
Date, location, and signature of the person attesting that the specimen is the correct one and matches its documentaion
All
______________systems are used in hospitals to send and receive laboratory specimens, patients' records, medications, and bills to and from stations in the patient care area and the in-house laboratory and care area and the in-house laboratory and pharmacy.
Hand delivery
Pneumatic tube
Automated carrier
All
Most have lockable doors or pass-code entries for gaining access to the containers the system uses, and for maintaining security and confidentiality.
Hand delivery
Pneumatic tube systems
Automated carrier
All
In many settings, the phlebotomy team accepts and ________________(check in) all specimens that come into the laboratory for testing.
Turn arounds
Accessions
Point of care tests
All
Which is not correct on specimen handling?
Wear gloves when handling patient-collected, nonblood specimens.
Change gloves between each specimen.
Correct handling is essential, because incorrect handling can affect the quality of the specimen.
Components of urine doesnot change even if the specimen stands at room temperature for an extended period of time.
Which is correct on Urine specimen handling?
If the specimen will not be tested immediately, refrigerate urine specimens and process them within 1 hour of collection.
If the specimen will not be tested immediately, refrigerate urine specimens and process them within 2 hour of collection
If the specimen will not be tested immediately, put urine at room temprature and process them within 1 hour of collection
If the specimen will not be tested immediately, put urine specimens at room temprature and process them within 3 hours of collection
Prior to placing specimens in ________________, be sure to label the specimen with the patient's full name, the date and time of the specimen collection, and the source and type of specimen.
Sharps cntainer
Biohazard bags
Refrigerator
Handling specimen box
When transporting specimens via postal mail or express delivery services, be sure to comply fully with local, state, and federal laws that govern their special packaging and biohazard identification.
True
False
To prepare samples for transportation to a reference laboratory, package the specimens using the original specimen tubes or plastic screw-cap tranfer tubes
True
False
To ______________a sample, hold the empty tube adjacent to the specimen tube, use a disposable pipette to transfer the serum (without cells) from the specimen tube to another tube called _____________, and label the specimen accordingly.
Centrifuge, aliquot
Aliquot, aliquot
Smear, centrifuge
Type, lavender
Which colour tube do you use for a blood smear procedure?
Yellow top
Lavender top
Light blue top
Red top
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