lecture quiz 5
Which structure transfers urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder
ureter
urethra
collecting duct
renal tubule
Which organ has these functions? removes metabolic wastes from the blood and excretes them, regulates the volume composition and ph of bodily fluids, secretes renin
hypothalamus
kidney
urinary bladder
prostate gland
ovary
renal arteries transport blood from the ______ to the kidneys
inferior vena cava
afferent arteriole
interlobar artery
aorta
The renal blood vessel which carries blood from the interlobular artery to the glomerulus is the
arcuate artery
afferent arteriole
interlobar artery
renal vein
in a nephron the renal corpuscle is composed of
glomerulus and proximal convoluted tubule
distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct
loop of henle
flomerulus and bowmans capsule
about 80% of the nephrons in the kidneys are ______
cortical nephrons
juxtaglomerular nephrons
juxtamedullary nephrons
During urine fromation in the kidneys, which of these processes involves returning needed substances in the filtrate back to the blood?
glomerular filtration
tubular reabsorption
tubular secretion
Which urine formation process involves the movement of substances from the blood of the peritubular capillaries into the filtrate of the renal tubules?
glomerular filtration
tubular reabsorption
tubular secretion
A person produces and average of 180 liters of filtrate a day from the blood as filtration occurs at the glomerulus, yet his urine volume is only 0.6-2.5 liters. what has happened to the rest of the filtrate?
it has been sent to the digestive tract.
it has been reabsorbed from the renal tubules into the blood of the peritubular capillareis and vasa recta before entering the collecting ducts
it has been reabsorbed into the blood form the glomerular capsule to the glomerulus
it is held indefinitely in the urinary bladder
Which hormone fuctions at the kidneys to regulate na+ and K+ levels?
antidiuretic hormone
thyroxine
parathyroid hormone
aldosterone
Which of the following pressures does not affect the filtration rate of blood in the kidney?
glomerular hydrostatic pressure
glomerular osmotic pressure
interstitial osmotic pressure
capsular hydrostatic pressue
Which tube transports urine form the nephron to the minor calyx of the renal pelvis?
proximal convoluted tubule
distal convoluted tubule
ureter
collecting duct
urethra
The movement of urine through the ureters and urethra is due to
gravity
osmotic pressure
hydrostatic pressure
peristalsis
in males, which of these is an organ of both the reproductive and urinary systems?
urinary bladder
ureter
urethra
prostate
Each kidney has about 1 million microscopic filtering units called?
renal papillae
nephrons
logules
seminiferous tubules
The levels of water and electrolytes in the body
remain relatively stable at all times
fluctuate greatly throughout the day
Which of these fluids is located inside cells?
extracellular
interstitial
plasma
transcellular
intracellular
The two major factors that influence the movement of water and electrolytes from one fluid compartment to another are
peristalsis and filtration
atmospheric and hydrostatic pressures
gravity and filtration
hydrostatic and osmotic pressures
If a person's daily total water intake is 2500ml, what would most likely be his daily total water output if he is in proper water balance?
2500 ml
2000 ml
3000 ml
all of the above
How does ADH affect the kidneys?
it causes the distal tubules and collecting ducts to remain impermeable to twater, and less water is reabsorbed: therfore, the urine volume increases
it causes the distal tubules and collecting ducts to become permeable to water and more water is reabsorbed: therfore, the urine volume decreases
it increase the glomerular filtration rate
it decreases the glomerular filtration rate
The precence of acids and bases in a body fluid affect its concentration of ____ ions
sodium
chloride
hydrogen
potassium
Which of the following would result from the action of a chemical buffer in the blood?
strong acid is converted to strong base
weak base is converted to weak acid
strong base is converted to weak acid
strong acid is converted to weak acid
renal sinus
conical mass of tissue
extends into miner calyx
outer region of the kidney
inner region of the kidney
fiberous covering
funnel shaped sac
hollow chamber
renal pelvis
conical mass of tissue
extends into miner calyx
outer region of the kidney
inner region of the kidney
fiberous covering
funnel shaped sac
hollow chamber
renal cortex
conical mass of tissue
extends into miner calyx
outer region of the kidney
inner region of the kidney
fiberous covering
funnel shaped sac
hollow chamber
renal medulla
conical mass of tissue
extends into miner calyx
outer region of the kidney
inner region of the kidney
fiberous covering
funnel shaped sac
hollow chamber
renal pyramid
conical mass of tissue
extends into miner calyx
outer region of the kidney
inner region of the kidney
fiberous covering
funnel shaped sac
hollow chamber
renal capsule
conical mass of tissue
extends into miner calyx
outer region of the kidney
inner region of the kidney
fiberous covering
funnel shaped sac
hollow chamber
renal papilla
conical mass of tissue
extends into miner calyx
outer region of the kidney
inner region of the kidney
fiberous covering
funnel shaped sac
hollow chamber
glomerulus
takes blood into the glomerular
revieves urine from DCT
receives filtrate from glomerular
takes blood away from the glomerular
merges into collecting duct
filtrate accumulates in it
contains blood to be filtered
afferent arterioles
takes blood into the glomerular
revieves urine from DCT
receives filtrate from glomerular
takes blood away from the glomerular
merges into collecting duct
filtrate accumulates in it
contains blood to be filtered
efferent arterioles
takes blood into the glomerular
revieves urine from DCT
receives filtrate from glomerular
takes blood away from the glomerular
merges into collecting duct
filtrate accumulates in it
contains blood to be filtered
glomarular capsule
takes blood into the glomerular
revieves urine from DCT
receives filtrate from glomerular
takes blood away from the glomerular
merges into collecting duct
filtrate accumulates in it
contains blood to be filtered
proximal convoluted tubule
takes blood into the glomerular
revieves urine from DCT
receives filtrate from glomerular
takes blood away from the glomerular
merges into collecting duct
filtrate accumulates in it
contains blood to be filtered
distal convoluted tubule
takes blood into the glomerular
revieves urine from DCT
receives filtrate from glomerular
takes blood away from the glomerular
merges into collecting duct
filtrate accumulates in it
contains blood to be filtered
collecting duct
takes blood into the glomerular
revieves urine from DCT
receives filtrate from glomerular
takes blood away from the glomerular
merges into collecting duct
filtrate accumulates in it
contains blood to be filtered
macula densa
long nephron loops
vascular smooth muscle cells
modified epithelial cells
have short nephron loops
densely packed tall cells
juxtaglomerular cells
long nephron loops
vascular smooth muscle cells
modified epithelial cells
have short nephron loops
densely packed tall cells
cortical nephrons
long nephron loops
vascular smooth muscle cells
modified epithelial cells
have short nephron loops
densely packed tall cells
juxtaglomerular nephrons
long nephron loops
vascular smooth muscle cells
modified epithelial cells
have short nephron loops
densely packed tall cells
podocytes
long nephron loops
vascular smooth muscle cells
modified epithelial cells
have short nephron loops
densely packed tall cells
acid-base balance in the body is maintained by
acid-base buffer system
respiratory excretion of carbone dioxide
renal excretion of hydrogen ions
all of the above
blood plasma
transcellular fluid
transcellular fluid
intracellular fluid
extracellular fluid
cytoplasm
transcellular fluid
transcellular fluid
intracellular fluid
extracellular fluid
cerebrospinal fluid
transcellular fluid
transcellular fluid
intracellular fluid
extracellular fluid
aqueous humor
transcellular fluid
transcellular fluid
intracellular fluid
extracellular fluid
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