Non-Institutional Correction
Explore Non-Institutional Corrections
Test your knowledge on non-institutional corrections and the philosophy behind criminal justice systems. This quiz covers various aspects of corrections, from community-based programs to historical practices of punishment.
Key Topics:
- Types of correctional theories
- Historical punishment methods
- Probation and parole systems
- Legal defenses in criminal justice
It assumes innocence.
Adversal approach
Inquistorial approach
Mixed approach.
The philosophy adopted in our criminal justice system is the?
Inquistorial approach
Adversal approach
Mixed approach.
Assumes guilt
Adversal approach
Mixed approach.
Inquistorial approach
Combination of the philosophies behind PCJS.
Mixed approach.
Adversal approach
Inquistorial approach
It is the defense made such as being not present or was in another place.
Defense of Insanity
Defense of alibi
Defense of Instigation
It is the encouragement / compulsion of law enforcement.
Defense of insanity
Defense of instigation
Defense of duress
It is the threats to loss of life, limb etc.
Defense of duress
Defense of consent
Defense of alibi
The victim give the consent to do the act.
Defense of alibi
Defense of duress
Defense of consent
It violated the right of the defendants while obtaining the evidence.
Defense of violations of provisions of the bill of rights
Defense of duress
Defense of consent
Refers to a punishment of being sent away.
Reprieve
Banishment
Bail
Temporary delay of punishment
Reprieve
Bail
Banishment
Essentially the system or process in the community by which crimes are investigated.
CJS
PCJS
JS
Security given for the release of a person in custody of the law.
Recognizance
Bail
Banishment
Refers to a method of correcting sentenced offenders without having to go to prison.
Institutional correction
Non-Institutional correction
correction
Conducts cross examination of the witnesses.
Prosecution
Court
Law enforcement
Its function is to help and coordinate the program of the government
Correction
Community
Prosecution
Function is to evaluate the findings of the police
Court
Community
Prosecution
Is a community based programs such as probation, suspended sentence for first time minor offender, parole, and conditional pardon and this is one of the best example of the positive school of thought.
Non Institutional based Correction
Institutional based Correction
Community based Correction
Developed the idea of justice based on vengeance, retribution and compensation.
Blood feuds
Lex Taliones
The Medieval Punishment
It is important to remember that these formulations were codes, not laws.
The Medieval Punishment
Lex Taliones
Blood feuds
Like ancient forerunners medieval Europeans were very brutal in the exercise of punishment such as: Knives, Axes, Whip, Barnacles, Collars and Cuffs were commonly used to inflict punishment.
Lex Taliones
Blood feuds
The Medieval Punishment
box -like device with the front half hinged like a door so that a person could be placed inside
Iron Maiden
The rack
The Tower of London
Originally built as a fortress for defense of the City. This is a famous symbol for such a cruel punishment.
Iron Maiden
The Tower of London
The rack
The concept of probation, from the Latin word
Probatio
Probatius
Probono
The earliest device for softening brutal punishment
Benefit of the church
Benefit of the Clergy
Benefit of the pope
Another type of practice before which modifying the severity of the law
Judicial Reprieve
Reprieve
Recognizance
A reprieve from a word of “reprendre” which means to
Take back
Make back
Get back
Even older method of suspending or deferring judgment, the direct ancestor of probation was recognizance or binding over for good behavior. This was based on ancient practice developed in England in the 14th century .
Transportation
Recognizance
Judicial Reprieve
Father of Probation in England
Matthew Davenport
Matthew Davenport Hill
Matthew Hill
Originator of Probation
Matthew Davenport
John Augustus
Gov. Alexander H. Rice
Emerge as the father of probation.
John Augustus
Matthew Davenport Hill
Gov. Alexander H. Rice
National Probation Act of 1925, thereby, allowing courts to suspend the imposition of a sentence and place an offender on probation, which is known as the
Kills Decision.
Killets Decision.
Kellis Decision.
Probation becomes a law on
April 26, 1878
April 29, 1878
April 26, 1987
The first probation law was passed by the legislature of Massachusetts and signed by?
Gov. Alexander H. Rice
John Augustus
Matthew Davenport Hill
_______________developed the first statewide probation system in 1880,
Boston
Massachusetts
England
A former chief of police in Boston who became the first Probation Officer employed by the government.
Edward Savage
Samuel John Barrows
U.S. Chief Justice John Marshall
Began to campaign for probation law after his appointment as a secretary of the Prison Association of NY.
Samuel John Barrows
U.S. Chief Justice John Marshall
Edward Savage
Signed a proclamation of Amnesty and Pardons on June 1, 1917, for those affected by the ruling, an extension of executive of executive clemency which was in accord with precedents set by earlier presidential proclamations of amnesty.
Samuel John Barrows
Pres. Woodrow Wilson
Congressman Samuel Walker McCall
introduced the probation bill in the U.S. Senate at the 61st Congress to provide for probation.
U.S Senator Robert T. Owen of Oklahoma
U.S Congressman Samuel Walker McCall
Pres. Woodrow Wilson
Probation was first introduced in the Philippines during the American colonial period (1898 - 1945) with the enactment of Act No. 4221 of the Philippine Legislature on
September 7, 1935.
August 7, 1936
August 7, 1935
In ______, House Bill No. 393 was filed in Congress, which would establish a probation system in the Philippines.
1972
1973
1975
He continued agustus work
Pres. Woodrow Wilson
Rufus R. Cook
Samuel John Barrows
It is a personal act.
Parole
Probation
Pardon
It is an official act.
Amnesty
Pardon
Probation
Given to guilty of political offenses
Probation
Amnesty
Pardon
It is granted by the court
Probation
Pardon
Amnesty
Granted to prisoners after serving minimum sentence
Parole
Pardon
Amnesty
Given with requirements
Absolute pardon
Conditional pardon
Condition pardon
It is a general pardon.
Conditional pardon
Amnesty
Absolute pardon
Temporary stay of execution of sentence
Commutation
Reprieve
Parole
Act of president changing or reducing a heavier sentence
Amnesty
Commutation
Reprieve
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