Mock Science Exam
What is Stewardship?
Taking ownership of our yard
Taking personal responsibility and management over environment
Managing the ecosystem
What is an Environment?
Plants and animals living together :)
Place where we harvest a location for resources
Living and non-living things in an area
Idk, didn't even care to study
What does being "Sustainable" mean
Trying to save stuff
Maintaining something indefinitely available (forever)
The idea of polluting water
What is Biodiversity?
Species killing each other
Number of different organisms in an area
Resources and how we use them
WHAT IS A SYSTEM?????
П¤“ "is a group of individual parts that work together to accomplish a goal"
How things work ig
A system of how biological species feed each other
The example of wasting water to reuse it
Holistic approach?
A person who loves the environment
Someone like the vegan teacher
To look at the entire system
Everything doesn't have meaning, only resources do
Elements of Ecosystem?
Where non-living and living things interact
Very complex
Self regulating
Can be any size
The outcome of the environment is how the animals fend for food
Define Abiotic and Biotic (50% chance)
Biotic = living things, abiotic = dying things
Biotic = living things, abiotic = non living things
Match the following terms.
Niche
Multiple populations living in same area
Community
Physical environment of organism
Habitat
Group of species living in same area
Population
Interactions of organism with ecosystem
Species
Group of similar organisms
What is a Biome?
Large geographical region, similarities like plant life, temperature and precipitation
Something in minecraft
Somewhere where animals live?
What are some Terrestrial Biomes in Canada?
Tundra
Jungle
Boreal Forest
Plains
Temperate Coniferous Forest
Grand Canyon
Grasslands
Deciduous Forests
Matching :D
Deciduous Forest
Needle and cone trees, western British Columbia
Boreal Forest
Few trees, grass and shrubs (south alberta, manitoba, saskatchewan)
Temperate Coniferous Forest
Trees with cones and needles (large portion of canada)
Tundra
Trees that lose their leaves (south ontario)
Grasslands
No trees, just small shrubs, grasses, moss (northern coast)
Biosphere and Parts That Make It Up
Atmosphere
Earths solid crust (100km deep)
Hydrosphere
Part of planet where all live exists
Biosphere
ALL water on earth (solid, liquid, gas)
Lithosphere
Layer of gases that surround earth
Describe Energy
Organisms need to grow, maintain and reproduce
Comes in many forms (electrical, heat, light, sound, kinetic)
It helps us do things, from mining resources
Liquid and Gas Defenitions
Water vapour
Any form of water falling from sky
Evaporation
Liquid -> gas
Condensation
Gas -> liquid
Precipitation
Sun heats up water and evaporates to atmosphere
Transpiration
When plant releases water vapour
MATCHING TIME AGAIN! (biotic interactions)
Predation
One species benefits and other is unaffected
Parasitism
Both species benefit from their interactions
Commensalism
One species benefits, other is harmed
Competition
One organism eats another (may use mimicry)
Symbiosis
2 or more organisms competing for same resources
Mutualism
Interactions between 2 species where one lives on, in, or near the other
Equilibrium?
Deaths = births
Resources are finally accessible
BIG BIG REASON ON WHAT AFFECTS ECOSYSTEMS (sorry)
Overexploitation
Breaking larger areas into smaller ones
Invasive species
When it enters from specific and identifiable space
Pollution
Substances harmful to organisms
Fragmentation
Using a resource faster then it can be replaced
Clearcutting
Enters indirectly
Climate change
Non native species that cause harm
Point source pollution
Slight increase or decrease to climate have big affects
Urban sprawl
Unplanned and disorganized urban growth
Habitat change
Removal of all trees
Non point source pollution
We alter habitats for agriculture, forestry, urban development
Native species
Species that would normally live in that habitat
Soil profiles
Topsoil, humus, subsoil, bedrock
Ground, clay, sediment
Soil types
Loam, clay, sandy
Thick, thin, clear, black soil
Matter
Anything that takes up space or mass
It just matters?
Something to do with particles
PARTICLE THEORY OF MATTER (in order, hah hah)
2
Particles move faster when heated, slower when cooled
3
All particles have space between them
4
Particles are always in constant, random motion
5
Particles attract each other
1
All matter is made up of very tiny particles
State definitions (chemistry btw)
Condensation
Liquid -> gas
Evaporation
Solid DIRECTLY -> gas
Freezing
Gas -> liquid
Sublimation
Liquid -> solid
Deposition
Gas DIRECTLY -> solid
Melting
Solid -> liquid
Pure substances
Any item in the world
Any item on periodic table
Any item that can be broken down
Trust yourself?
We can see particles in mechanical mixtures, and in solutions
We can see particles in mechanical mixtures, but not in solutions
Physical properties definiton
Used to describe a substance, can be quantitative or qualitative
(quiz is hard so this is a free answer, only gets harder)
QUALITATIVE DEFENITIONS
Hardness
Ability to allow light through
Viscosity
Ability to conduct electricity
Electrical conductivity
Ability to be pulled into a wire
Brittleness
Ability to scratch
Malleability
Flexibility
Ductility
Ability of substance to flow
Optical clarity
How shiny or dull something is
Luster
Ability to be hammered
Mass Number
Number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
Everything in a atom that can be smashed together
Static Electricity refers to a buildup of an electric charge on the surface of an object
True
False
How can we charge objects?
Friction (rubbing)
Contact (touching)
Induction (no touching)
Nuclear fusion (smashing)
Separating atoms (nuclear fussion)
Electron affinity is how well an object loses its electrons
True
False
How well do you remember?
Law of Attraction
Objects with opposite charge attract
Insulator
Objects with same charge repel
Conductor
Resists movement of electrons
Law of Repulsion
Allows movement of electrons
Electricity Definitions
Current electricity
Dry cell
Liquid or paste that conducts electricity
Electrode
If electrolyte is a liquid (car battery)
Conductor
Converts electrical to another form of energy (light, heat, sound, movement)
Load
Provides the electrons for the circuit
Electrolyte
Metal strips that react with electrolytes
Energy source
If the electrolyte is a paste (AAA battery)
Wet cell
Moves electrical current
Continuous flow of electrons in a circuit (energy source, full circuit)
Electrical circuits contain:
An energy source, a conductor, a load, and a switch
What is Astronomy?
Study of universe and stuff in it
How to use a telescope
The general knowledge and idea about what really happens and how things are made
How does the Sun create heat?
It was created that way and always will
It releases energy when objects smash into it
Nuclear fusion
What is the formula for astronomical units?
1.42 x 10^8
9.42 x 10^12
1.5 x 10^8
Exploding Stars
Dark matter
When a large star dies and explodes
Black hole
When a massive star collapses
Supernova
When a star forms
Nebulae
Matter in the universe that is invisible, doesn't emit or absorb light
Nebula
Star form from dust and gases
Big Bang Theory
Universe formed when an infinitely dense point suddenly and quickly expanded
Universe formed when atoms all came together with so much power creating nuclear fusion
Universe formed when so much pressure applied to a singular area of mass, everything contracted and exploded
Life Cycle of a Star (Disclaimer: if not in right order, will be marked wrong)
5
Supernova
2
When no fuel left, star collapses
4
Black hole or dwarf depending on mass when first formed
3
Begins a cycle of heating up, spinning and contracting
6
Gravity starts pulling dust and gas together in small masses
1
As temperature increases, core beings to glow (protostar)
The sun provides what?
Thermal energy
Freezing weather
Rain
Yea its annoying but, Layers of the Sun
Photosphere
Outermost layer, only visible during eclipse
Sunspot
Can only be seen during a SOLAR eclipse
Convective zone
Huge explosion of gas and charged particles
Chromosphere
Where energy escapes as light
Corona
Darker region of cooler matter on photosphere
Solar flare
Energy produced from core, plasma is very thick
The core
Energy transformed into thermal energy using nuclei
Radiative zone
Cool matter sinks, hot matter rises
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