Psychology 104 Ch. 11

In one experiment on the phenomenon of __________ as a cause of attraction, women posing as students were rated as more attractive when they had attended a class more often even though none of the women interacted with other students in the class.
Proximity
Similarity
Reciprocity
Companionship
According to the discrete emotions theory, emotions ___________.
Exist to serve evolutionary functions
Differ significantly across cultures
Are independent of physiological responses at all
Are found only in civilized cultures
Which theory of emotion states that we interpret our arousal based our current situations?
Two-factor
Cannon-bard
Somatic marker
James-lange
Jane tells her roomates that she cannot stop thinking about Allen, a man she just met recently. What type of love is she experiencing?
Infatuation
Fatuous
Empty
Romantic
The use of polygraphs as 'lie detectors' is based on the idea that there are specific patterns of arousal that are consistent with guilt. Which theory of emotion is MOST consistent with this hypothesis?
James-Lange theory
Two-factor theory
Cannon-bard theory
Schachter-singer theory
Which theory of emotions states that physiological arousal and the experience of emotion are simultaneous?
Cannon-Bard
Schacter and Singer
James-Lange
Appraisal
 
During which phase of the human sexual response cycle does a series of muscular contractions pulsate through the genital area of both women and men?
Orgasm
Excitement
Resolution
Desire
Daniel works hard this semester because he needs to pass all the courses to graduate in time. If he does not finish his degree this semester, his employer will probably lay him off and find someone else to do his job. This is one example of __________.
Extrinsic motivation
Intrinsic motivation
Approach
Avoidance
What is the term for the tactic of anticipating failure and mentally overpreparing for negative outcomes?
Defensive pessimism
Proactive preparation
Negativity bias
Optimism
The test that is based on the assumption that criminals usually conceal knowledge about the crime is known as the __________.
Guilty knowledge test
Polygraph test
Controlled question test
Integrity test
Hanging out with friends with the same hobbies can best be explained by the __________ principle of relationship formation.
Similarity
Proximity
Reciprocity
Serendipity
Which of the following theories of emotion is the LEAST cognitive?
Facial feedback hypothesis
Two-factor theory of emotion
James-Lange theory of emotion
Cannon-Bard theory of emotion
Drives that are unlearned are called ____________
Primary
Secondary
Reflexive
Learned
Schachter's internal-external theory suggests that obese people eat more because of __________ cues, such as smell or taste.
External
Internal
Biological
Psychologcal
Which of the following emotions is most associated with brain activity in the frontal lobes, just behind the eyes?
Anger
Pleasure
Happiness
Surprise
According to which of the following theories do humans tend to maintain a particular body weight?
Set point
Leptin
Two-factor
Motivation
Which of the following emotions should be most difficult to recognize for an exchange student from a different culture?
Jealousy
Contempt
Happiness
Anger
Which term refers to an eating disorder associated with excessive weight loss and an irrational perception of being overweight?
Anorexia nervosa
Bulimia nervosa
Bingeing
Duchenne hunger
Which eating disorder is most likely to be fatal?
Anorexia
Bulimia
Binge eating
Night eating
Which theory proposes that experiencing unpleasant states, such as being hungry or thirsty, leads us to take action to minimize those negative conditions?
Drive reduction theory
Approach avoidance theory
Stimulus avoidance theory
Stimulus reduction theory
According to the work of Hatfield and Rapson (1996), the two major kinds of love that people experience are called __________ love.
Passionate and companionate
Fatuous and empty
Consummate and adaptive
Interpersonal and intrapersonal
According to the triangular theory of love proposed by Sternberg, __________ love is the ultimate love.
Consummate
Romantic
Companionate
Fatuous
Susan is interviewing for a job. Although she is smiling and making good eye contact with her interviewer, he notices that she is also tapping her foot rapidly on the floor. Despite her best intentions, what is Susan exhibiting?
Nonverbal leakage
Illustrators
Emblems
Miscommunication
People often seek out stimulation, and not all motives are associated with internal biological states. Which theory is INCONSISTENT with this evidence?
Drive-reduction
Incentive
Hierarchy of needs
Cognitive
Dustin usually keeps a distance of about 4–12 feet while having conversations with strangers. This is one example of __________ distance.
Social
Personal
Public
Intimate
Which term refers to the ability to predict our own happiness or that of someone else?
Affective forecasting
Effectiveness predictions
Durability bias
Availability heuristic
A decline in the level of testosterone in either men or women leads to ___________________.
A decrease in sexual desire
An increase in sexual desire
Abnormal sexual desires
Pain and discomfort during sexual activity
Which theory proposes that experiencing unpleasant states, such as being hungry or thirsty, leads us to take action to minimize those negative conditions?
Drive reduction theory
Approach avoidance theory
Stimulus avoidance theory
Stimulus reduction theory
The test that is based on the assumption that criminals usually conceal knowledge about the crime is known as the __________.
Guilty knowledge test
Polygraph test
Controlled question test
Integrity test
An external goal or motivation that has the capacity to affect behavior is referred to as __________.
Extrinsic
An expectancy
Intrinsic
Homeostasis
When something good happens, we feel very good temporarily and then go back to our typical mood. Which of the following terms is used for this experience?
Hedonic treadmill
Affective forecasting
Durability bias
Positivity effect
Schachter and Singer's two-factor theory of emotion suggests that we distinguish between the experience of different emotions based on __________.
Our cognitive interpretation of the situation
The type of behavior involved
The type of bodily reaction
The emotional expression of others
Gestures of stroking, biting, pressing, or otherwise touching a part of one's own body while under stress are called __________.
Manipulators
Illustrators
Emblems
Releasers
Which theory of emotion indicated that the thalamus was critical for triggering emotions and physiological arousal?
Cannon-bard
James-lange
Activation
Jukebox
Although basic emotions are experienced the same way across cultures, there are cultural guidelines that govern how and when to express emotions. These are called __________.
Display rules
Exhibitionism markers
Demonstrativeness customs
Overt expressiveness norms
A field of study has emerged since the beginning of the twenty-first century that emphasizes human strengths such as resilience and coping; it is called __________.
Positive psychology
Character building
Defensive optimism
Spiritual buoyancy
The psychological drives, particularly wants or needs, that impel us in a specific direction are called __________.
Motivation
Instincts
Affects
Emotions
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