Quiz 1 Semester 3

1. A 48-year-old man comes to the office to establish routine care. He reports intermittent diarrhea and on-and-off crampy abdominal pain for the past 2 years. The diarrhea is nonbloody and is not associated with food intake. Past medical history is significant for pain in his knee joints that partially responds to ibuprofen. Temperature is 37.0°C (98.6°F), pulse is 95/min, respirations are 20/min, and blood pressure is 115/70 mmHg. Physical examination shows pale conjunctiva and mild right lower quadrant tenderness. Colonoscopy later reveals focal linear ulcerations adjacent to areas of normal appearing mucosa, along with nodular mucosal changes in the descending colon and ileum. The rectal mucosa is spared. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

In a glucose tolerance test, an individual in the basal metabolic state ingests a large amount of glucose. If an individual displays a normal response, this ingestion results in which one of the following?

A patient has a genetic defect that causes intestinal epithelial cells to produce disaccharidases of much lower activity than normal. Compared with a normal person, after eating a bowl of milk and oatmeal sweetened with table sugar, this patient will have higher levels of which one of the following? Choose the one best answer.

Which of the following statements is correct regarding insulin glargine? 

A 19-year-old female presents with deep, rapid, gasping breathing, and abdominal pain. She has vomited twice within 30 minutes. Vital signs are significant for tachycardia, and tachypnea, but the blood pressure was normal. The nurse noted that "her breath smells like fruit". On the physical exam, she has dry skin, dry mucous membranes, and dry eyes. Skin turgor is poor. MMSE was 8/30. Urine output is increased. Her blood glucose is 600 mg/dl. Her serum sodium concentration was 129 mEq/L.

To reduce the hemolysis that occurs with dialysis, researchers have developed an organic filtration membrane for dialysis that is believed to mimic the physiologic filtering apparatus of the human glomerulus. The permeability characteristics of this membrane are believed to be identical to those of the glomerular filtering membrane. Which of the following substances should be absent in the filtrate produced by this membrane?

Researchers develop a drug X that acts on the loop of Henle, but discover that it does not reach its intended site of action within the nephron. They modify several of the chemical properties of drug X to produce drug Y, which cannot be reabsorbed from the proximal tubule. Neither drug is secreted into the proximal tubule. Which of the following natural substances are most similar to the concentration profiles of drug X and drug Y in the proximal tubule?

During a splenectomy, a surgeon carefully dissects the peritoneal ligament containing the splenic vessels at the hilum of the spleen. Which of the following peritoneal ligaments is being dissected by the surgeon?

 

A 67-year-old man with a history of alcohol abuse presents to the emergency room with severe epigastric pain, hypotension, abdominal distension, and diarrhea with steatorrhea. Serum amylase and lipase are found to be greater than normal, leading to a diagnosis of pancreatitis. The steatorrhea can be accounted for by a decrease in the intraluminal concentration of which of the following pancreatic enzymes?