Alpha Coherence and Asymmetry Neurofeedback for Emotional Regulation

Asymmetry is seen when alpha amplitude is greater in the left (F3) than in the right frontal lobe (F4).

Increasing alpha coherence between F3 and F4 produced significantly better results than F3-F4 alpha asymmetry training.

Significant fMRI and functional connectivity increases were found only in the group that received alpha asymmetry training.

In addition to producing larger F4-F3 alpha asymmetry increases during EEG biofeedback compared to the rest or view training elements, the asymmetry training group also showed larger asymmetry changes than the sham group.

The fMRI BOLD signal for the left orbitofrontal cortex, the left amygdala, and the left insula increased more in the asymmetry training group.