BIOCHEM CHAP 5
Biochemistry Quiz: Proteins and Ligands
Test your knowledge on the fascinating interactions between proteins and ligands with this comprehensive biochemistry quiz. Designed for students, educators, and enthusiasts alike, this quiz covers essential topics including protein structure, ligand binding, and the effects of allosteric modulators.
In this quiz, you will:
- Explore important concepts in biochemistry
- Challenge your understanding of protein-ligand interactions
- Learn about real-world implications of these biochemical processes
The interactions of ligands with proteins:
Are relatively nonspecific.
Are relatively rare in biological systems.
Are usually irreversible.
Are usually transient.
Usually result in the inactivation of the proteins.
A prosthetic group of a protein is a non-protein structure that is:
A ligand of the protein.
A part of the secondary structure of the protein.
A substrate of the protein.
Permanently associated with the protein.
Transiently bound to the protein.
When oxygen binds to a heme-containing protein, the two open coordination bonds of Fe2+ are occupied by:
One O atom and one amino acid atom.
One O2 molecule and one amino acid atom.
One O2 molecule and one heme atom.
Two O atoms.
Two O2 molecules.
In the binding of oxygen to myoglobin, the relationship between the concentration of oxygen and the fraction of binding sites occupied can best be described as:
Hyperbolic.
Linear with a negative slope.
Linear with a positive slope.
Random.
Sigmoidal
Which of the following statements about protein-ligand binding is correct?
The Ka is equal to the concentration of ligand when all of the binding sites are occupied.
The Ka is independent of such conditions as salt concentration and pH.
The larger the Ka (association constant), the weaker the affinity.
The larger the Ka, the faster is the binding.
The larger the Ka, the smaller the Kd (dissociation constant).
Myoglobin and the subunits of hemoglobin have:
No obvious structural relationship.
Very different primary and tertiary structures.
Very similar primary and tertiary structures.
Very similar primary structures, but different tertiary structures.
Very similar tertiary structures, but different primary structures.
An allosteric interaction between a ligand and a protein is one in which:
Binding of a molecule to a binding site affects binding of additional molecules to the same site.
Binding of a molecule to a binding site affects binding properties of another site on the protein.
Binding of the ligand to the protein is covalent.
Multiple molecules of the same ligand can bind to the same binding site.
Two different ligands can bind to the same binding site.
In hemoglobin, the transition from T state to R state (low to high affinity) is triggered by:
Fe2+ binding.
Heme binding.
Oxygen binding.
Subunit association.
Subunit dissociation.
Which of the following is not correct concerning 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG)?
It binds at a distance from the heme groups of hemoglobin.
It binds with lower affinity to fetal hemoglobin than to adult hemoglobin.
It increases the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen.
It is an allosteric modulator.
It is normally found associated with the hemoglobin extracted from red blood cells.
Which of the following is not correct concerning cooperative binding of a ligand to a protein?
It is usually a form of allosteric interaction.
It is usually associated with proteins with multiple subunits.
It rarely occurs in enzymes.
It results in a nonlinear Hill Plot.
It results in a sigmoidal binding curve.
Carbon monoxide (CO) is toxic to humans because:
A) it binds to myoglobin and causes it to denature.
A) it is rapidly converted to toxic CO2.
A) it binds to the globin portion of hemoglobin and prevents the binding of O2.
A) it binds to the Fe in hemoglobin and prevents the binding of O2.
A) it binds to the heme portion of hemoglobin and causes heme to unbind from hemoglobin.
The amino acid substitution of Val for Glu in Hemoglobin S results in aggregation of the protein because of ___________ interactions between molecules.
Covalent
Disulfide
Hydrogen bonding
Hydrophobic
Ionic
The fundamental cause of sickle-cell disease is a change in the structure of:
Blood.
Capillaries
Hemoglobin
Red cells.
The heart.
Neuroglobin is a member of the globin family found in neurons. It is a monomeric protein that helps protect the brain from hypoxia (low O2). Identify the correct statement(s) about neuroglobin below.a) It binds O2 with a hyperbolic binding curve. b) It binds O2 with a sigmoidal binding curve. c) It binds O2 with higher affinity than hemoglobin. d) It binds O2 with lower affinity than hemoglobin.
Patients with chronic hypoxia (low O2 levels) due to decreased lung function may adapt by increasing their circulating BPG levels. Predict which of the following will be true for such a patient.
A) p50 for O2 will be decreased.
B) p50 for O2 will be increased.
C) The R-state of hemoglobin will be favored.
D) O2 binding to hemoglobin will be hyperbolic.
E) None of the above
Identify the correct statements regarding the Bohr effect in hemoglobin. a) The Bohr effect shifts the fractional O2 saturation curve to the right as pH decreases. b) The Bohr effect shifts the fractional O2 saturation curve to the right as the pH increases. c) The Bohr effect favors O2 release in respiring tissues. d) O2 and H+ compete for binding to Hb.
A) a and c
A) a and d
A) b and c
A) b and d
A) b, c, and d
An individual molecular structure within an antigen to which an individual antibody binds is as a(n):
Antigen.
Epitope.
Fab region.
Fc region
MHC site.
Which of the following parts of the IgG molecule are not involved in binding to an antigen?
Fab
Fc
Heavy chain
Light chain
Variable domain
A monoclonal antibody differs from a polyclonal antibody in that monoclonal antibodies:
Are labeled with chemicals that can be visualized.
Are produced by cells from the same organism that produced the antigen.
Are synthesized by a population of identical, or “cloned,” cells.
Are synthesized only in living organisms.
Have only a single polypeptide chain that can recognize an antigen.
Which of the following generalizations concerning motor proteins is correct?
They convert chemical energy into kinetic energy.
They convert chemical energy into potential energy. They convert chemical energy into potential energy.
They convert kinetic energy into chemical energy.
They convert kinetic energy into rotational energy.
They convert potential energy into chemical energy.
The predominant structural feature in myosin molecules is:
A structure.
An helix.
The Fab domain.
The light chain.
The meromyosin domain.
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