Motor control
Human movement is three things....
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
What is motor control?
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
Explain degrees of freedom
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
Examples of sequencing and timing
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
Explain perceptual motor integration
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
Motor cortex location?
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
Neurons resting potential
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
Neurons action potential
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
Action potential height
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
What do we need for depolarization of the cell to occur?
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
How many EPSP for 1AP?
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
What is temporal summation?
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
What is spatial summation?
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
Highest and lowest level of motor control?
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
What is a motor unit?
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
What is a motor unit responsible for?
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
What happens at the neuromuscular junction?
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
Where does the neurotransmitter travel to?
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
What does activation of the motor end plate cause? What does this generate?
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
What happens to the ACh?
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
Stimulation by multiple presynaptic neurons
Switching on muscles on time, neural activity through skill learning
+100mv
Frontal lobe
Release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine
How the nervous system interacts with rest of the body and environment to produce purposeful and coordinated movement
Information in the environment and how that affects us
Motor neuron and muscle fibres it innervates
Cerebral cortex and motor unit
Stimulation by one presynaptic neuron
-70mv
Picking one movement over another when there are so many options
Opening of ion channels so that Na+ (sodium) flows in. Generates calcium
Activating muscles thus controlling movement
+30mv
Synaptic cleft to the motor end plate
Series of EPSP's
Quickly broken down and removed
1
Efficient, adaptable, smooth
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