Long QT

Regarding sports participation and long QT syndrome (LQTS), which of the following statements is true:

A. After LQTS diagnosis, the event rate of cardiac arrhythmic events during sports practice is overall low (event rate 0.0007 events/year)

B. Among young people participating in sports, some manifest QT interval prolongation and repolarization abnormalities, are genotype-negative, and normalize their ECG after detraining

C. The risk of cardiac events during sports activities is largely gene-specific, genetic testing and cascade screening of family members should be performed following a clinical diagnosis of LQTS.

D. In LQT1 subjects, cardiac events typically occur during exercise, with swimming being a specific trigger in one-third of the cases.

E. All the above

Regarding long QT syndrome and pregnancy, which of the following sentences is false:

A. The risk of ventricular arrhythmia increases during the postpartum period, particularly for women with LQTS type 2 (LQT2).

B. Continuation of nonselective b-blockers throughout pregnancy and post-partum period is recommended for all women with LQTS requiring intentional treatment with beta-blockers.

C. Patients with long QT syndrome are at increased risk of fetal death and stillbirth compared to the general population.

D. Nadolol is contraindicated in pregnancy

Which of the following LQTS associated syndrome(s) are inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern?

A. Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Syndrome

B. Timothy Syndrome

C. Triadin knock out syndrome (TKOS)

D. Andersen Tawil Syndrome

Which of the following disease-causing variant(s) implicated in LQTS is less frequently due to loss of channel function?

A. KCNQ1

B. KCNH2

C. SCN5A

D. KCNE1

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Long QT