Patho Pulm Exam
Pathophysiology of Pulmonary Diseases Quiz
Test your knowledge and understanding of pulmonary pathophysiology with this comprehensive quiz designed for healthcare professionals and students. Covering a range of topics from anatomy to common pulmonary disorders, this quiz is an excellent resource for reviewing and reinforcing your knowledge.
With 100 questions, you'll gain insights into:
- The components of the respiratory system
- Fun
ctions of airway structures - Common pulmonary symptoms and diseases
Which of the following is not a main component of the respiratory system?
Air
Upper airway
Lower airway
Alveoli
The upper airway's main function is to Moisten the air, which of the following is not part of this?
Nasal cavity
Larnyx
Trachea
Tonsils
The lower airway's main function is gas exchange, which of the following is not a part in this?
Trachea
Larnyx
Bronchi
Bronchioles
What is the main function of the pleura?
Administer healing agents in trauma
Encase the lungs together
Lubrication
Prevent punctures
True or False: the false ribs go up with inspiration?
True
False
Which of the following is not a muscle used in normal breathing
Diaphragm
Scalenes
Internal intercostal
External intercostals
Which of the following is not an accessory muscle in breathing?
Erector spinae
Upper trap
Abdominals
Serratus posterior
What position allows the diaphragm to to cause the least downward pressure into the pelvic cavity and work easier?
Upright in a chair
Laying down
High fowler's
Standing
True or false: external intercostals are always active in expiration
True
False
Which of the following is not a common symptoms of pulmonary diseases?
Cough
Cyanosis
Anxiety
Dyspnea
Pulmonary chest pain is different than cardiac chest pains how?
Pulm: may radiate to the arm and cause you to be sweaty; Cardiac: will not change with breathing
Pulm: may radiate to the upper trap; Cardiac: may cause you to be pale
Pulm: is sharp and aggravated with movement; cardiac: causes pain in arm and sweaty
Pulm: changes with with breathing; Cardiac: will not change with breathing
Which of the following is not a normal characteristic of sputum?
Pink and frothy
Dime or quarter sized
Thick, viscous, sticky
Green, yellow, tan
Why do anemics not present with cyanosis?
Hypoxemia will not progress to hypoxia due to low oxygen intake
Hypoxemia will not progress to hypoxia due to hemoglobin being fully saturated still
Anemics do not have enough hemoglobin to induce hypoxemia
Hypoxia only effects people with anemia
Digital clubbing is more common in what type of conditions?
Acute: Chest wall trauma
Parenchyma disorders: Atelectasis
Chronic: COPD
Infectious: Pneumonia
What is something that increases lung compliance?
Surfactant
Intercostals
Alveoli
Blood pressure
True or False: Obstructive is hard to breath in and Restrictive is hard to breath out
True
False
Functional residual capacity is?
Air remaining after forced expiration
Air left over after a normal breath
A normal breath
Max exhale + max inhale
Which of the following is not a disease of the pulmonary vasculature?
Pulmonary ebolism
PAH
Atelectasis
Cor pulmonale
Atelectasis is?
Collapse of the lung
Collapse of a bronchus
Fluid overload in the pleura
Collapse of lung tissue
Which of the following is not a cause of atelectasis?
Hypoventilation
Post surgery
Decreased surfactant
None of the above
Which of the following are common signs of atelectasis?
Dyspnea, tachypnea, cyanosis
Anxiety, orthopnea, decreased lung compliance
Dyspnea, digital clubbing, altered breathing patterns
Cyanosis, coughing, pink frothy sputum
Which of the following is not a PT implication for atelectasis?
Airway clearance
Incentive spirometer
Upright positioning
Decreased activity tolerance
Pulmonary Edema blocks what from occuring?
Ventilation
Perfusion
Respiration
Lung compliance
Which of the following is not a common cause of pulmonary edema?
Left ventricular failure
Decreased serum and albumin
Trauma
Fluid overload
Which of the following are symptoms distinct to pulmonary edema
Pink frothy sputum and edema of extremities
DOE and SOB
Orthopnea and fever
Cyanosis and crackles
What is the best way to diagnose Pulmonary edema?
Chest X- ray
PFT
There is no specific test
IVC filter
Pulmonary edema is best treated by what pharmacological agent?
Bronchodilators
Diuretics
Advil
All the above
Why is airway clearance only temporary relief in pulmonary edema patients?
It is not temporary
Because you can never get all of it
Because it's to hard for them to cough it out
Because you must treat the underlying cause
A blockage in the pulmonary artery is known as what?
Cor pulmonale
Pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary artery hypotension
Pulmonary edema
Which of the following are risk factors for PE?
Surgery, traumas, immobilization
High BP, immobilization, anticoagulants
High stress, surgery, being in grad school
Hypercoaguable states, high activity, surgery
Signs and symptoms for PE do not include which of the following?
Dyspnea
Anxiety
Drop in cardiac output with exercise
Fever
Diagnosis for PE include which of the following?
D- dimer and chest x- ray
V/Q scan and chest ascultations
PFT and EKG
D-dimer and V/Q scan
Which of the following is not a way to prevent PE?
Avoiding best rest
Bronchodilators
Anticoagulants
IVC filter
Which of the following is not true when working with a patient who has PE?
If diagnosed with a DVT its okay to work with regardless of how long they've had it
Hold until V/Q scan comes in
Wait until anticoagulants have met the threshold
Be cautious of R heart strain
Which of the following is not a characteristic of pulmonary artery hypertension?
Pulmonary artery pressure is less than 25 mmHg
More common in women
Primary cause is unkown
Secondary cause is due to a cardiac or respiratory disorder
Select all that apply: which of the following are symptoms of PAH?
SOB and DOE
Weakness
Decreased lung compliance
Digital clubbing
Syncope
Peripheral edema
Treatment of PAH does not include which of the following?
Anticoagulants
Bronchodilators
Anti-hypertensives
Viagra
What is something to look out for when working with someone who has PAH?
Balance issues
Confusion
Low blood pressure
Hyperactivity
Which of the following is caused by PAH?
Cystic fibrosis
Cor pulmonale
Atelectasis
Pneumonia
Signs and symptoms of Cor pulmonale include all but what?
Chronic productive cough
Drop in cardiac output with exercise
Fatigue
Chronic dry cough
What is the goal of treating Cor pulmonale?
Reduce workload of R heart
Increase activity tolerance
Decrease BP
Increase lung compliance
Which of the following is not something to keep an eye on for Cor pulmonale when working with them?
Peripheral edema
JVD
Coughing
Decreased activity tolerance
Accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity is?
Pleural effusion
Pulmonary edema
Pneumonia
Pneumothorax
Pneumothorax does not present as what?
Cyanosis
Hypertension
Sucking sound with breaths
Dry cough
What is a big thing to be cautious of when working with someone with pneumothorax?
CHEST TUBE!!! Don't let that bitch come out
Screw it, let them suffer and rip the thing out
Pleural effusion is a collection of fluid in where
Lungs
Upper thoracic cavity
Pleural space
All the above
Common causes of pleural effusion do not include which of the following?
Heart failure
Chest trauma
Surgery
Pneumonia
Which of the following is not a symptom of pleural effusion?
DOE
Productive cough
Pain with inhalation
Tachycardia
Thoracentesis is a treatment for pleural effusion, what does it do?
Stop more fluid from coming into the pleural space
Take away pressure from inside the lungs
Its not a treatment
Aspirate fluid out
Which of the following is not a PT implication when working with patients who have pleural effusion?
Promote lung expansion
Low BP
Chest tube
Vital monitoring with activity
What is the most frequent cause of cancer death in the US?
This one is easy I hope you get it
Come on there is clearly only one option
Lung Cancer
Ope, you picked the wrong one sorry
Which of the following is a red flag for lung cancer?
Weight gain
Increased activity
Good sleeping patterns
Night sweats
Which of the following is not a common cause of lung cancer
Poor nutrition
Smoking
Genetic desposition
Radon
What is the difference between small cell and non small cell lung cancer?
SCLC: rapid growth and easier to treat; NSCLC:within the lung itself
SCLC: remains mostly in the thoracic cavity; NSCLC: bronchial obstruction and PNA
SCLC: rapid growth and heard to treat; NSCLC: remains in thoracic cavity and easier to treat
SCLC: impossible to diagnose; NSCLC: impossible to diagnose
Which of the following is not a common metastasis of lung cancer?
Lymph nodes
Spine
Ribs
Neck
Signs and symptoms of lung cancer include all of the following except?
Productive bloody cough
Fatigue
Increased appetite
Difficulty breathing
Which type of lung cancer grows to quickly for surgery?
SCLC
NSCLC
MSCLC
PSCLC
Which of the following is not a PT implication for lung cancer?
Lung compliance
Energy conservation
Breathing/coughing techniques
Chemo side effects
Pneumonia is an inflammatory process that results in what?
Decreased ventilation
Abnormal filling of alveoli
Increased BP
Increase of mucus in pleural space
Symptoms of pneumonia do not include which of the following?
Rust colored sputum
Decreased chest compliance
Cyanosis
Dyspnea
What will a chest X-ray show for pneumonia?
Honeycomb pattern
White patchy all over a lung
White patchy in one lobe
Honeycomb pattern in one lobe
Which of the following is not a PT implication for pneumonia?
O2 saturation
Deep breathing techniques
Energy conservation
Exercise to promote secretion mobilization
Pneumocystis Carnii Pneumonia is caused by what type of infection
Fungal
Bacterial
Viral
Parasitic
What pulmonary disorder causes a high residual volume and takes away deep breaths?
Asthma
COPD
Atelectasis
Bronchiectasis
True or false: exposure to environmental irritants cause COPD
True
False
Which of the following is not a characteristic of COPD?
Airway trapping and obstruction
Pulmonary hypotension
Gas exchange abnormalities
Mucus secretions
Which of the following is not a symptoms of COPD?
Cyanosis
Digital clubbing
Barrel chest
Dry cough
More severe SOB, may have a cough, reduced exercise capacity, fatigue, impaired quality of life, and FEV1 of 30-49% describes what stage of COPD?
Stage 1; mild
Stage 2; moderate
Stage 3; severe
Stage 4; very severe
Minimal SOB, may have a cough, function may appear normal, and FEV1 > 80% describes what stage of COPD?
Stage 1; mild
Stage 2; moderate
Stage 3; severe
Stage 4; very severe
What are the two main goals of treatment for COPD?
Improve oxygenation
Decrease infections
Increase lung compliance
Maximize quality of life
Talk to yourself, why is it not good to give patients with COPD more than 1 liter of oxygen?
Don't look at your notes
You know this one
If you don't know ask Kevin, cause he always knows the right answer
No, the answer is not peanut butter (sorry that was my dog)
Which of the following is a medication for COPD?
Bronchodilators
Beta- adrenergic agonists
Xanthine derivatives
Anticholinergic drugs
What is a big thing to know before working with someone who has COPD?
Their heart rate
Their CO2 baseline
Their birthday
Their date of diagnosis
Which of the following is a characteristic of Chronic Bronchitis?
Productive cough lasting at least 3 months of the year for whole year
Productive cough for at least 2 weeks
Scarring and inflammation of the bronchial lining
Dry cough
True or False: chronic bronchitis is worse in the evening than in the morning?
True
False
Emphysema is what?
Closing of air spaces beyond terminal branches
Enlargement of air spaces beyond terminal branches
Productive cough from alpha 1 deficiency
Increased lung compliance from alpha 1 deficiency
Which of the following is not a way to treat emphysema?
Surgical removal of blebs
Lung volume reduction
Bronchodilators and corticosteroids
Ankle pumps
True or False: Asthma is a form of COPD
True
False
It is best to use the inhaler how long before treatment/exercise?
1 hour before
15-20 minutes into treatment
15-20 minutes before
You don't need to
Progressive condition with irreversible destruction and dilation of airways is the definition for what pulmonary disease?
Bronchiectasis
Asthma
Cystic Fibrosis
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Which of the following is not a symptom of bronchiectasis?
Productive cough
DOE
Chest pain
Cyanosis
Which of the following is a key medication in improving bronchiectasis?
Mucolytics
Oxygen tank
Anticholinergic drugs
Xanthine derivatives
Which of the following is not true with regards to Restrictive lung disease
Can be caused by scarring of lung tissue
Can be caused by scoliosis
Can be caused by surgeries
Can be caused by air irritants
Which of the following is not a symptom of restrictive lung disease?
Finger clubbing
Cyanosis
Shallow breathing
Dyspnea at rest
Which of the following is not a treatment for restrictive lung disease?
Corticosteroids
Oxygen
Antibiotics
Airway clearance
Progressive scarring of the lungs is?
Bronchiectasis
Pulmonary fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis
Atelectasis
Symptoms of pulmonary fibrosis include all of the following except?
SOB and DOE
Chest tightness
Weight loss
Productive cough
When diagnosing pulmonary fibrosis you look for what in the CT scan?
Honeycomb patterns
White patches
Smaller lungs
Increased lung size
Treatment of Pulmonary fibrosis does not include which of the following?
Corticosteroids
Bronchodilators
Lung transplant
Antibiotics
What is a good way to improve endurance with patients with pulmonary fibrosis?
Long breaks to adjust for fatigue
Inceptive spirometer
Bronchodilator 15-20 minutes before session
Interval training
Systemic Sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of what?
Muscles
Soft tissue
Connective tissue
Nervous system
What is a common symptom distinctive to systemic sclerosis?
DOE
O2 desaturation
SOB
Good strength limited by ROM
When working with a patient who has systemic sclerosis a main goal is?
Retention of function and education
Curing the disease
Giving corticosteroids
Scheduling a lung transplant
Tension pneumothorax and flail chest are both subcategories of what injury?
Pneumonia
Chest wall trauma
Chest wall crush
Chest trauma walls
Which of the following is not a symptom of chest wall trauma?
Increased lung compliance
Pain
Discomfort
Damage to lung or pleura
Cystic fibrosis is a disorder of ion transport affecting all of the following except
Hepatic
Digestive
Pancreas
Musculoskeletal
Cystic Fibrosis causes what to build up in the lungs?
Pink frothy sputum
Rust colored sputum
Chloride and sodium
ACh and proteins
Symptoms of CF include all of the following except?
Dry cough
Salty skin
Finger clubbing
Lung infections
True or False: A lung transplant for a CF patient will cause the new lungs to develop CF as well
True
False
Which of the following is not a PT implication for CF patients?
Exercise
Airway clearance
Motivation
Fluid retention
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