Anatomy And Physiology

What is the study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts and their relationship to one another?

What is the study of anatomy where we study large, easily oberservable body parts?

Which anatomy is the study of body structures that are too small to be seen with the naked eye?

What is the study of how the body and its parts function and work?

What are the six levels of structural organization?

What are tiny building blocks of matter that form to combine molecules such as water, sugar, and proteins?

Forms the external body covering: protects deeper tissue from injury: helps regulate body temperature: location of cutaneous nerve receptors: synthesizes vitamin D: sweat and oil glands

Protects and supports body organs: provides muscle attachment for movement: immunity: site of blood cell formation: stores minerals

Produce movement: maitain posture: produce heat: function to contract: allow manipultaion of environemtn: locomotion: facial expression

Fast acting control system: responds to internal and external change: activates muscles and glands:

Secretes regularoty hormornes: growth: reproduction: metabolism

Transports materials in body: blood pumped by heart: oxygen: carbon dioxide: nutrients: wastes: white blood cells to protect body: fights bacteria, tumor cells, and toxins:

Returns fluids to blood vessels: cleans blood: involved in immunity: keeps blood continusously circulating through body: disposes of debris in system

Keeps blood supplied with oxygen: removes carbon dioxide: transports gas to and from blood: gas exchange takes place in air sacs of lungs

Breaks down food: allows for nutrient absorption in blood: eliminates indigestible food: reclaim water: liver breaks down fats: deliver digestive enzymes:

Eliminates nitrogenous waste: maintains acid bace balance: regulates water and electrolytes:

Produces offspring: testes in male produce sperm: ovaries in female produce eggs: uterus provides site for development of fetus:

Internal distinct from external: every cell surrounded by external membrane that contains its contents and alows needed substances in or prevent entry of damaging or unecessary substances: integumnetary system:

Movement of substances: activites promoted by muscular system: skeletal system: blood, urine and foodstuffs are propopelled through internal organs

Ability to sense changes and react: nervous system

Break down and absorption of nutrients into blood: cardiovascualr system: diegestive system

Chemical reactions within the body produce energy: makes body structures: nutrietns and oxygen to produce adenosine triphosphate: deigestive, and respiratory systems to make nutrients and oxyegen available to blood: cardivascular system to distibute needed substances:: hormoes secretes by glands of endocrine system

Eliminates waste from metabolic reactions: get rid of substances produced durign digestion: diegestive system, urinary sytem

Produces future generation: original cell divides to produce two daughter cells: regualted by hormones in endocrine system

Increases cell size and number of cells: cell constructing activites occur faster than cell destroying ones

Chemicals for energy and cell building: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals: fats cushion body organs and reserve fuel: oxygen transport in blood

Required for chemical reactiions: respriatoy and cardiovascular system

60-80 percent of body weight: most abundant element in body: provides fluid base for body secretions and excretions: obatined from ingested foods or liquids: lost from body by evaporation from lungs, skin and excretions

Must be maintained around 37 C or 98 F: if dropped metabolic reactions become slower and stop: too high boyd proteins begin to breaks down: body heat generated by activity of skeletal muscles

Force exerted on the body by the weight of air: breating and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxied depend on this: must be appropriate

Bodys ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions when outside world is changing

Dynamic state of equillibrium: necessary for normal body funtioning and sustain life

Body organs become less efficient and our internal conditions become less stable: increase risk of health: cause disease or death

Body communicates though neural and hormonal control systems