Stages of Sleep

The person is in a transitional stage between wakefulness and sleep.

The depth of sleep increases, and arousal becomes increasingly difficult.

Eyes dart back and forth quickly.

The person falls in to a stage of sleep.

The person reaches the greatest depth of sleep, which is called "delta sleep".

The person is in a relaxed state but still somewhat aware of the surroundings.

Involuntary muscle jerking may occur and waken the person.

The stage normally lasts only minutes.

The person can be aroused easily.

This stage constitutes only about 5% of total sleep.

The person can be aroused with relative ease.

This stage constitutes 50% - 55% of sleep.

This stage composes about 10% of sleep.

Arousal from sleep is difficult.

Slow brain waves are recorded on an EEG.

Pulse and respiratory rates decrease.

Blood pressure decreases.

Muscles are relaxed.

Metabolism slows and the body temperature is low.

This stage constitutes about 10% of sleep.

Small muscle twitching, such as on the face.

Large muscle immobility, resembling paralysis.

Respirations irregular; sometimes interspersed with apnea.

Rapid or irregular pulse.

Blood pressure increases or fluctuates.

Increase in gastric secretions.

Metabolism increases; body temperature increases.

Encephalogram tracings active.

Constitutes about 20% - 25% of sleep.

REM sleep enters from Stage ___ of NREM sleep and re-enters NREM sleep at Stage ___ ; arousal from sleep is difficult.

Newborns sleep an average of ___ to ___ a day.

Newborns sleep approximately ___ hours at a time.

On average, infants sleep ___ to ___ hours at night, with several naps during the day.

What stage of sleep constitutes most of the sleep cycle of an infant?

What is the only safe sleeping position for infants less than 1 year old?

Which sleeping position may increase the risk for SIDS in an infant?

The parents of an infant tell the nurse that they observe eye movement, groaning, and grimacing when they watch their baby sleep. What would be the most appropriate response from the nurse?

The need for sleep declines as this stage progresses:

Preschoolers generally sleep ___ to ___ hours at night.

Adolescents require ___ to ___ hours of sleep.

Young Adults require an average of ___ hours of sleep.

Older adults require an average of ___ to ___ hours of sleep.