Diabetes Assessment 1 : Version 2
Which of the following statement is NOT true for glucose fun
Glucose can be metabolized to produce energy when energy is needed immediately
Glucose can be converted to glycogen and stored in liver and muscle cells when excess glucose is not needed for immediate energy
Additional glucose is converted to protein when glycogen storage capacity reached in liver and muscle
When excess glucose is available, it is converted to ____, through a process called glycogenesis, which occurs primarily in the ____.
Glycogen; pancreas
Glycogen; liver
Glucagon; liver
Glucagon; pancreas
When the action of insulin is abnormal, ____ and ____are alternative sources for energy
Glucose; fat
Fat; protein
Glucose; protein
Glucagon; fat
Which of the following is composed of 3 fatty acids and a glycerol molecule?
Triglyceride
Cholesterol
Glycogen
Polypeptide
Studies have found that insulin sensitivity continued to deteriorate when patients developed from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes, however, there was no significant difference in beta-cell function from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes.
True
False
Which are the possible consequences of neuropathy?
I.Gangrene and amputation following a cut on the foot
II.Erectile dysfun
III.Parkinson disease
IV.Stroke
V.Hypoglycemia
I, II and III
II, III and IV
I, II and IV
I and II
All of the above
Which of the following is NOT macrovascular complications?
Coronary artery disease
Kidney disease
Cerebrovascular disease
Peripheral vascular disease
Hepatic production of glucose I triggered by ___
Glycogen
Glucagon
Collagen
Cholesterol
The body adjusts glucose levels by secreting 2 hormones, ___ and ___. These hormones are secreted by special cells from the ___ and work ___to each other.
Insulin; glucagon; pancreas; opposite
Insulin; glucagon; pancreas; synergistic
Incretin; glucagon; liver, opposite
Incretin; glucagon; liver, synergistic
Which of the following is NOT classical symptoms of diabetes?
Polyuria
Unexplained weight gain
Polydipsia
Polyphagia
SGLT2 is a low-affinity, high capacity glucose transporter located in the proximal tubule in the kidneys. It is responsible for 90% of glucose __________. SGLT2 inhibitors block the reabsorption of glucose in the ________, increase glucose _________, and lower blood glucose levels.
Reabsorption, liver, absorption
Reabsorption, kidney, excretion
Absorption, liver, excretion
Reabsorption, kidney, reabsorption
Which of the following (generic-brand) are correct?
I.Dapagliflozin- Jardiance
II.Canagliflozin- Invokana
I.Empagliflozin- Forxiga
III only
II only
I and II
I only
What are the common side effects associated with the SGLT2 inhibitor class?
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Hypoglycemia
Genitourinary tract infection
Weight gain
SGLT2 inhibitors will have compromised HbA1c reduction efficacy in patients with moderate renal insufficiency.
True
False
Sulfonylureas (SU) are
I.Insulin sensitizers
II.Insulin secretagogues
III.Glucagon inhibitors
IV.Glycogen secretagogues
V.Incretin enhancers
I , II, V
III, IV
II only
All of the above
SU stimulates the release of insulin in a glucose-dependent manner.
True
False
_____________is recommended as the initial choice of oral antidiabetic drugs by the ADA.
Sulfonylurea
Incretin inhibitor
Biguanide
SGLT2 inhibitor
Common side effects of SU are ___
Hyperglycemia, weight gain
Diabetic ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia
Weight gain, urinary tract infection
Hypoglycemia, weight gain
Fill in the blanks
Brand name Generic Name Manufacturer
___________ Glimepiride ______________
Diamicron ______________ ______________Amaryl, Sanofi-Aventis, Gliclazide, Servier
Amaryl, Astra Zeneca, Gliclazide, Pfizer
Glucotrol, Servier, Glargine, Sanofi-Aventis
Glucotrol, Astra Zeneca, Gliclazier, Servier
Which of the following describe the mode of action on Biguanide
I.Stimulate peripheral glucose uptake
II.Increase insulin secretion
III.Delay glucose absorption in the intestines
IV.Decease hepatic glucose production
I, II, III
II, III, IV
I, III, IV
All of the above
One of the side effects of Biguanide is weight gain
True
False
What is the mode of action of thiazolidinedione?
Improve tissue response to insulin
Delay carbohydrate absorption
Inhibit hepatic glucose synthesis
Stimulate insulin release from pancreas
Which of the following class acts by delaying carbohydrate absorption?
Biguanide
Thiazolidinedione
SGLT2 inhibitor
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
SU is recommended as first line agent in management of diabetes especially in obese patients
True
False
Which of the following is NOT side effects of thiazolidinedione ?
Weight gain
Edema
Lactic acidosis
Anemia
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