Yem sophal
Geriatric Dentistry Knowledge Quiz
Welcome to the Geriatric Dentistry Knowledge Quiz! Test your understanding of important concepts related to dental care in older adults. This quiz covers a variety of topics including medical conditions, oral health, and changes in the body with aging.
By participating, you will:
- Enhance your knowledge about geriatric dentistry
- Understand the challenges faced by older adults
- Learn essential treatments and care considerations.
Another term refers to Geriatric Dentistry: for
Pediatrics
Pharmacology
Geriodontics
Geriatric Medicine
Geriatric dentistry is the delivery of dental care to:
Older adults involving aging conditions or diseases
Conditions or diseases associated with aging
Diagnosis, prevention, and treatment
All the answers in this question
On average, people above the age of ………. Years are grouped as old people:
50 to 55
55 to 60
60 to 65
65 or over
Old person is expected to suffer from at least one of more chronic medical conditions such as:
Diabetes
Typhoid fever
Flu
Diarrhea
Old person is expected to suffer from at least one of more chronic medical conditions such as:
Typhoid fever
Flu
Diarrhea
Hypertension
Health definition:
Health is a state of complete physical and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
Health is a state of complete physical and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease.
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
What is Oral Health?:
Oral Health is the standard of oral and related tissue health that enables individuals to eat, speak, and socialize without discomfort, or embarrassment, and that contributes to general wellbeing.
Oral Health is the standard of oral and related tissue health that enables individuals to eat, speak, and socialize without active disease, or embarrassment, and that contributes to general wellbeing.
Oral Health is the standard of oral and related tissue health that enables individuals to eat, speak, and socialize without active disease or discomfort that contributes to general wellbeing.
Oral Health is the standard of oral and related tissue health that enables individuals to eat, speak, and socialize without active disease, discomfort, or embarrassment, and that contributes to general wellbeing.
What is Quality of Life:
QoL is his/her position in life in the context of culture and value systems in which he/she lives, and in relation to his/her goals, expectations, standards, and concerns.
QoL is the individual’s perceptions of his/her position in life in which he/she lives, and in relation to his/her goals, expectations, standards, and concerns.
QoL is the individual’s perceptions of his/her position in life in the context of culture and value systems in which he/she lives, and in relation to his/her goals.
QoL is the individual’s perceptions of his/her position in life in the context of culture and value systems in which he/she lives, and in relation to his/her goals, expectations, standards, and concerns.
A formula in Oral Health related Quality of Life = [P + S + (P × S)]:
P = Person / S = Society
P = People / S = Society
P = Person / S = Situation
P = People / S = Situation
Aging refers to:
Irreversible and inevitable changes occurs with time in an old individual.
Reversible and inevitable changes occurs with time in an old individual.
Reversible and evitable changes occurs with time in an old individual.
Irreversible and inevitable changes occurs with chance in an old individual.
Cranial and spinal nerves of the old have:
Cranial 10 pairs and spinal 30 pairs
Cranial 11 pairs and spinal 31 pairs
Cranial 12 pairs and spinal 31 pairs
Cranial 13 pairs and spinal 30 pairs
Spinal nerves of the old have:
8 cervical, 11 thoracic, 6 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1 coccygeal
7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 6 sacral, and 1 coccygeal
8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1 coccygeal
7 cervical, 11 thoracic, 6 lumbar, 6 sacral, and 1 coccygeal
Change in nervous system in elderly:
Nerve cells may begin to pass messages as normal
Nerve cells may begin to pass messages faster
Brain and spinal cord gain nerve cells and weight
Slowing of thought, memory, and thinking
Change in nervous system in older people:
The brain and spinal cord start hypertrophy
The brain and spinal cord start atrophy
The brain and spinal cord start hyperplasia
The brain and spinal cord start dysplasia
As getting age, waste products can collect in the brain tissue and can become:
Atrophy
Hypoplasia
Plaques and tangles
Tangles and thrombus formation
Lipofuscin is:
A yellow to brown, granular, iron-negative lipid pigment found particularly in the heart, liver, and nerve cells
A yellow to brown, granular, iron-positive lipid pigment found particularly in the heart, liver, and nerve cells
A yellow to brown, granular, iron-negative lipid pigment found particularly in muscle, heart, liver, and nerve cells
A yellow to brown, granular, iron-positive lipid pigment found particularly in the heart, liver, and nerve cells
Lipofuscin is stemmed from:
The product of cellular wear, accumulating in cytoplasm with age
The product of cellular tear, accumulating in cell membrane with age
The product of cellular wear and tear, accumulating in cell nucleus with age
The product of cellular wear and tear, accumulating in lysosomes with age
As getting age, breakdown of nerves can affect the senses and might have reduced or lost:
Reflexes, sensation, movement
Reflexes, sensation, safety
Reflexes, sensation, thinking and behavior
Reflexes or sensation and this leads to problems with movement and safety
Alzheimer disease is:
A type of dementia that causes problems with walking, thinking and behaviour
A type of dementia that causes problems with speaking, thinking and behaviour
A type of dementia that causes problems with sleeping, thinking and behaviour
A type of dementia that causes problems with memory, thinking and behaviour
Delirium is:
An infection can cause an older person to become severely difficult
An infection can cause an older person to become severely uncomfortable
An infection can cause an older person to become severely weakened
Sudden confusion that leads to changes in thinking and behaviour in elderly
When getting age, rising and falling blood sugar levels can interfere with:
Sensation
Movement
Behavior
Thought
Change in urinary system in elderly:
Number and size of nephrons decrease and narrowed arteries
Inability to concentrate or dilute urine and to excrete acid
Dehydration
All of them
The bladder becomes less flexible means:
It becomes more difficult to squeeze to get rid of all the urine
It becomes easier to squeeze to get rid of all the urine
It can hold less urine & it becomes more difficult to squeeze to get rid of all the urine
It can hold less urine & it becomes easier to squeeze to get rid of all the urine
What is urethral sphincter:
Muscular ring that controls the passage of urine out of the body
Bladder
It stimulates the sensation of having to urinate
Muscular ring that regulate the balance of salts and other chemicals
The kidneys filter the blood and help:
Control the body's chemical balance
Remove wastes and extra fluid from the body
Remove toxin from the body
All the answers in this question
Changes in the kidneys that occur with age can cause:
Amount of kidney tissue decreases
Number of filtering units (nephrons) decreases
Waste material is filter from the blood decreases
All the answers in this question
When getting old and blood vessels supplying the kidneys become hardened, it causes:
Blood does not reach the brain
Blood does not reach the extremities
Blood is filtered more slowly
Blood is filtered properly
With aging there are structural changes to the thoracic cage causing:
Reduction in diaphragm
Reduction in height of lungs
Reduction in chest wall compliance
Reduction in height of thoracic vertebrae
The respiratory system comprises of:
Thoracic cage, lungs
Lungs, and diaphragm
All the answers in this question are right
No-one is right
The most common cause of kyphosis in older adults is:
Osteoporosis
Poor posture
Birth defects
Cancer and cancer treatments
What is kyphosis:
Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.
An abnormally hollowed back
Excessive outward curvature of the spine
Forward head position
Changes which is not related to respiratory system in elderly:
Decreases in measures of lung function such as vital capacity
Decline in the effectiveness of lung defense mechanisms
Stiffening of the thoracic cage from calcification of the rib cage
Increasing in chest wall compliance
Age-related changes in the lungs include:
Decreases in peak airflow and gas exchange
Decreases in measures of lung function such as vital capacity
Decline in the effectiveness of lung defense mechanisms
All the answers in question
An elderly person with the reduced ability should do vigorous exercises such as:
Walking
Running
Biking
All the answers in question
Older people are at higher risk of developing diseases such as:
Pneumonia
Pneumococcal pneumonia
Influenza
May be one of the answers in this question
Changes which is not related to circulatory system in elderly:
The muscles of the left ventricle get thicker
The volume of the left ventricle may decline
The heart may both fill and empty more slowly
The heart may decrease slightly in size
Differences between young and old hearts:
Older heart speed up as quickly or pump as fast or as much blood as a younger heart
Older heart cannot speed up as quickly or pump as fast or as much blood as a younger heart
Older heart can speed up quickly but cannot pump as much blood as a younger heart
Older heart cannot speed up quickly but can pump as much blood as a younger heart
When getting old the stiffer arteries are less able to expand when more blood is pumped through them. Thus, blood pressure tends:
To decrease
To increase gradually
To increase
To decrease gradually
Factors that contribute to the increased wall thickening and stiffening in aging include:
Increased collagen
Reduced elastin
Calcification
All the answers in this question
The wall of the aorta becomes less flexible and:
It shows an increase in wall stiffness
The blood leaving the left ventricle of the heart is faced by more resistance
It cannot travel as far into the arteries
All the answers in this question
The age-related concern when arteries and veins become incompetent:
Thrombus formation
Thrombus phlebitis
Ischemia
All the answers in this question
The walls of veins may become thicker with age because of:
An increase in connective tissue
Calcium deposits
Incompetency in working
All the answers in this question
Changes which is not related to Endocrine System in elderly:
The levels and activity of some hormones, produced by endocrine glands, decrease.
Growth hormone levels decrease, leading to decreased muscle mass.
Aldosterone levels decrease, making dehydration more likely.
More insulin may be produced
The main glands making up the endocrine system, there are such as:
Pituitary, hypothalamus glands
Thyroid, parathyroids glands
Pineal, adrenals, and the reproductive glands
All the answers in this question
The endocrine system plays a major role in the health because it produces hormones for regulating as followings EXCEPT:
Mood
Metabolism
Growth, development
Behavioural changes
The thyroid gland produces hormones that are essential to the proper functioning of vital organs such as the followings EXCEPT:
Brain
Heart
Kidneys, Liver
Stomach
The three hormones your thyroid gland produces are the followings EXCEPT:
Triiodothyronine
Parathyrin
Thyroxine
Calcitonin
When aldosterone production falls too low, the kidneys are not able to regulate:
Water balance
Salt balance
Blood volume and blood pressure
All the answers in this question
The pineal gland is also known as:
The conarium
All the answers in this question
The epiphysis cerebri
The conarium or epiphysis cerebri
The pituitary gland located at:
The top of the brain
The top of the liver
The base of the kidney
The base of the brain
Growth hormone is to:
Fuel childhood growth
All the answers in this question
Help maintain tissues
Help maintain organs
The pituitary gland slowly reduces the amount of growth hormone in:
Childhood
Beginning in middle age
Middle age
Elderly
Changes in Digestive system in elderly:
The pancreas gains in overall weight
Constipation becomes more common
Lactase levels decrease and the pancreas gains in overall weight
Lactase levels decrease and Constipation becomes more common
Presbyesophagus is:
The strength of esophageal contractions decreases
The strength of esophageal contractions and the tension in the upper esophageal sphincter decrease
The tension in the upper esophageal sphincter decreases
No-one is right
With age, the stomach:
Can accommodate much food
Cannot accommodate much food
Can accommodate much soft food
Can accommodate much hard food
When getting age, the rate that the stomach empties food into the small intestine:
Increases
Decreases
Strong
Vigorous
Commonly the conditions that decrease acid secretion of the stomach is:
Hypertrophic gastritis
Atrophic gastritis
Hyperplasic gastritis
Hypoplasic gastritis
The digestive system disease that commonly appears in the old:
Pyloric stenosis
Small intestine cancer
Colon cancer
Peptic ulcer disease
The production and flow of bile decrease with aging. As a result, the problems more likely to form are:
Bile duct swelling
Gallstones
Cholecystitis
Biliary diskinesia
Signs of lactose intolerance in some older adults are the followings EXCEPT:
Vertigo
Abdominal pain
Gas, bloating
Diarrhea, nausea
Bacterial overgrowth in small intestine may also lead to decreased absorption of certain nutrients, such as:
All the answers in this question
Vitamin B12
Iron
Calcium
With age, the pancreas decreases in overall weight, and some tissue is replaced by:
Swelling
Scarring
Hypertrophic cells
Hyperplasic cells
With age, the ability of the liver to metabolize many substances:
Increases
Decreases
Is stronger
Is faster
When aging, The rectum does enlarge somewhat:
A slight slowing in the movement of contents through the large intestine
All the answers are right
A modest decrease in the contractions of the rectum when filled with stool
No-one is right
What does “GROWTH” in health mean?:
It is defined as increase in size as a foetus grows into a child
It is defined as increase in size as a child grows into an adult
It is defined as increase in size as an adult grows into an elderly
No-one is right
What does “DEVELOPMENT” in health mean?:
It is the progress towards immaturity
It is the progress towards maturity
It is the progress towards puberty
It is the progress towards youth
What does “MATURATION” in health mean?:
The stop of the adult stage brought about by the growth and development
The stabilization of the adult stage brought about by the growth and development
The beginning stage of an adult brought about by the growth and development
The final stage of an adult brought about by the growth and development
About the lips when getting age:
Commissures descend inferiorly
All the answers are right
M flattening” shape of upper lip vermillion
No-one is right
When getting age, the lips become:
Wrinkling and loss of turgor
All the answers are right
Atrophy
Flattened in M shape
When aging, gingiva:
Diminished keratinization
All the answers are right
Increased fibrous tissue content
No-one is right
Gingiva of the old people is:
Increased in width of attached Gingiva
All the answers are right
No-one is right
Possibly reduced in stippled effect
Gingiva of elderly is:
Decreased connective tissue cellularity
All the answers are right
No-one is right
Decreased in resistance to infection
The ability of the periodontal ligament in elderly:
Resistance to infectious diseases is decreased
All the answers in this question are right
There could be calcifications occurring within its substance
No-one is right
PDL width starts to dwindle as some of the teeth becomes…………………..with age:
Functional
Non-functional
All the answers are right
No answers are right
When there is thickening of cementum with age it envelops these cementicles and is referred as:
Cementosis
Ex-cementosis
In-cementosis
Out-cementosis
A cementicle is……………………………..embedded within or attached to the cementum layer on the root surface of a tooth, or lying free within the periodontal ligament:
A small calcified mass
All the answers in this question are right
Spherical calcified mass
Ovoid calcified mass
When aging, the blood vessels of the PDL may:
Undergo atherosclerosis
All the answers are right
Resulting in ischemia
No answers are right
When aging, for PDL of the old:
There is a decrease in the fibrous tissue content
There is an increase in the fibrous tissue content
There is an increase in the connective tissue content
There is a decrease in the connective tissue content
With aging, the pulp chamber:
Increase in volume
Decrease in volume
Increase in width
Increase in height
Vascular supply to pulp tissue when aging:
There is a replication
There is a reduction
There is a loop
No answers are right
About cell and cell organelles, they:
Decrease in number of cells and cell organelles
All the answers are right
Decrease in size of cell
No answers are right
When aging, the pulp volume also decreases, due to:
The continued deposition of enamel
The continued deposition of dentin
The continued deposition of calcification
The continued deposition of mineralization
Thin root canal in an adult tooth seems as:
Obliterated
All the answers are right
Narrow
No answers are right
Fibrosis in aging pulp due to:
Increased accumulation of both diffuse fibrillar component
All the answers are right
Bundles of collagen fibers
Increase in fibers in pulp is gradual
Atherosclerotic plaques may appear in vessels of aging pulp that the outer diameter of vessel walls become greater due to:
Increased collagen fibers
Decreased collagen fibers
Increased connective tissue
Decreased connective tissue
Atherosclerotic plaques may appear in vessels of aging pulp that blood flow too decreases with age due to:
Calcifications are found in vessels
Basically in the apical foramen
No answers are right
All the answers are right
Pulp stone is:
Denticles or endolith
All the answers are right
Nodular calcified masses
No answers in this question
True pulp stone is:
Brought about by the differentiation of pulp fibrous cell within the pulp cavity
Brought about by the differentiation of pulp cell to odontoclasts within the pulp cavity
Brought about by the differentiation of pulp cell to odontoblasts within the pulp cavity
Brought about by the differentiation of pulp ischemia cell within the pulp cavity
False pulp stone is:
Caused by the nonspecific calcification of tissue around a central pulp tissue within the pulp cavity
Caused by the specific calcification of tissue around a central pulp tissue within the pulp cavity
Caused by the specific calcification of tissue around a central nucleus within the pulp cavity
Caused by the nonspecific calcification of tissue around a central nucleus within the pulp cavity
Pulp stone is classified into:
All the answers are right
Entirely surrounded by pulp tissues
Partly fused with dentin
Entirely surrounded by dentin
In histological change:
There is clumping of odontoblast layer
All the answers are right
Vaculation within odontoblastic layer
No answers are right
The obstruction of salivary gland is called:
Salivary calculi
No answers are right
Sialolithiasis
All answers are right
Which major salivary gland is easily obstructed?:
Parotid gland
All answers are right
Submandibular gland
No answers are right
For mineralization, some of the difference between people who have the same diet and same exposure to fluoride is explained by a different of each individual’s saliva:
Buffering ability
Volume
PH
Stimulation
Oral dryness often happen to the subjects:
All answers are right
Consume anti-hypertension medications
Consume tobacco and alcohol
Receive cancer therapy
Dry mouth management:
Brush as usual
Use fluoride mouthrise
Drink water often and brush as usual
Drink water often and use fluoride mouthrinse
What kind of dental caries often happens to elderly people?:
Caries in cuspids
Caries in proximal surfaces
Caries in the occlusal surfaces
Caries to the tooth root
Cervical burnout is:
Common radiographic artefact on PBWs which is not real
Aproximal caries
Root caries
Unclear x-ray
Acid etch for root caries filling:
Enamel 20 s and dentine 10 s
Enamel 10 s and dentine 20 s
Etch for 20 s
Etch for 10 s
Light-curing time for root lesion filling:
20 s each time and 20 s for finishing
20 s every time
40 s every time
20 s each time and 40 s for finishing
Which filling material is the most inappropriate for root caries treatment:
Glass-ionomer
1 step self-etch (composite)
2 step self-etch (composite)
3 step self-etch (composite)
Symptoms of Chronic Adult Periodontitis:
Bleeding after brushing, halitosis, and a bad taste
Normally painless until very advanced but sometimes root sensitivity is a problem
Loose teeth when advanced and majority of bone has been lost
All of them
Formula to calculate combined Attachment Loss (CAL):
Gingival Recession (GR) + Pocket Depth (PD)
PD - GR
Clinical crown length + Pocket Depth
Anatomical crown length + Pocket Depth
Risk Factors for Chronic Adult Periodontitis:
Plaque and aging
Smoking and Diabetes
Diabetes
All of them
Plaque control in elderly:
Toothbrush handle bigger
Brush for 2 minutes, 2 times per day
Toothbrush handle bigger and brush for 2 minutes, 2 times per day
Brush for 2 minutes, 2 times per day and toothbrush handle smaller
When do you have to keep the tooth for periodontal treatment in elderly:
A periapical abscess
Pain because of mobility
No function
Prior to bridge
What is amnesia:
Memory loss
Communication difficulties
Inability to perform complicated motor tasks
Inability to recognize previously learned sensory input
What is aphasia:
Memory loss
Communication difficulties
Inability to perform complicated motor tasks
Inability to recognize previously learned sensory input
What is apraxia:
Memory loss
Communication difficulties
Inability to perform complicated motor tasks
Inability to recognize previously learned sensory input
What is agnosia:
Memory loss
Communication difficulties
Inability to perform complicated motor tasks
Inability to recognize previously learned sensory input
How do you manage Amnestic patients:
Frequent reminders during the dental procedure
Non-verbal communication
The practitioner should talk with family
Manage as normal patient
137. ………………..may worsen confusion rather than improve dementia patient for dental procedure:
Gas or other major sedatives
Oral Sedation
Lorazepam
Topical anesthetics
Blood glucose levels usually range within:
60 to 150 mg/dL
90 to 110 mg/dL
75 to 115 mg/dL
70 to 150 mg/dL
What do you need to ask Diabetes patients:
Recent blood glucose levels and frequency of hypoglycemic episodes
Anti-diabetic medications
Dosages and times of administration should be determined
All of them
Anesthesia or sedation should avoided in the first trimester and last month of pregnancy:
GA or IV sedation
LA
Topical Anesthesia
GA
Smoothening and drying of oral mucosa of the old:
All the answers are right
Reduction in thickness of epithelial ridge
No answers are right
Decrease in salivary secretion
Oral mucosa of the old reveals that:
Langerhans cells becomes more and more
Increase in cellularity in lamina propria
Langerhans cells becomes fewer
Contribute to an increase in cell mediated immunity
Oral mucosa of the old shows that:
Decrease in cellularity in lamina propria
Increase in cellularity in lamina propria
Langerhans cells becomes more and more
Lymphocytes decreases more and more
Dry oral mucosa of the old is:
All the answers are right
Gradual replacement of fatty tissue
No answers are right
Decrease in salivary secretion
Oral mucosa lamina propria of the old indicates that:
Increase in cell mediated immunity
Increase in specialized cells to replace others
Increase in amount of collagen
Decrease in amount of collagen
Healing power of the oral mucosa with advancing age:
Reduction in connective tissue
Decreased rates of metabolic activity
Reduction in vascularity
Reduction in taste buds
Tongue of the old appears:
All the answers are right
Smooth on the dorsal surface
No answers are right
Reduction in the thickness of epithelium
For the tongue of the old, which one is wrong?:
Taste buds may be degenerated
There is decrease in the number of taste buds
Loss of the Filliform papillae
Hairy tongue often appears
The dorsum of the tongue with advanced age:
There may be burning
There may be fissuring
There may be hairy
There may be candidosis
About saliva of the old, which is NOT RIGHT:
Gradually the parenchyma is replaced by fatty tissue
Increased viscosity of saliva
Decrease in flow of saliva
There may be erythrocytes in the salivary content
The program should help patients with dementia:
To improve oral health
To reduce the risk of developing poor oral and dental health
All the answers are right
No answers are right
Maintaining oral health brings benefits in terms of:
Self-esteem and dignity
Social integration and nutrition
No answers are right
All the answers are right
Poor oral health of patients with dementia can lead to:
Pain and tooth loss
All the answers are right
Negatively affect self-esteem
No answers are right
People with dementia may face at different stages and methods for:
Relation
Mobilization
Treatment and prevention
Home care
The ability to eat, laugh and smile is a part of:
Special health related quality of life
Quality of Life
Oral health related quality of life
General health related quality of life
People with dementia may face at:
Maintaining good oral health
Issues around wearing and keeping dentures
Following other contaminated diseases
All the answers are right
High-energy food supplements contain:
High levels of lipid
High levels of protein
High levels of lactose
High levels of sucrose
In free time, it is important to keep the mouth clean to minimize:
The risk of gum diseases
The risk of PDL diseases
The risk of decay
The risk of throat diseases
Food supplements may be prescribed to a person with dementia who is difficult with:
Eating
All the answers are right
Chewing
Swallowing
For patients with dementia, periodontal disease can cause all the followings EXCEPT:
Inflamed and bleeding gums
Gum recession
Loose teeth and bad breath
Pain in teeth
Gum recession increases the chances of decay occurring at:
Proximal surfaces of teeth
The necks of teeth
Occlusal surfaces of teeth
Lingual surfaces of teeth
People with dementia may also be prescribed:
Sedatives
Antipsychotics
All the answers are right
Antidepressants
Lack of saliva in elderly people can increase the risk of:
Dental plaque and dental decay
Gum and PDL diseases
All the answers are right
Oral mucosa infections
If medications prescribed for elderly people is syrup-based, there is an increased danger of:
Tooth colour changing
Tooth decay
Gum infection
Throat infection
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