PM
Common characteristics of Agile methods include:
Detailed long-term planning
Frequent meetings
Documentation of every step
Partial product demonstrations
Preferably verbal communication
What does "smoke testing" refer to?
Load testing
Gray box testing
Mobile testing
Unarmed testing
Post-release testing
The Critical Path Method (CPM) includes:
Resolving conflicts in resource allocation
Abandoning the project that contains the critical path
Ignoring constraints
Analyzing the fair use of resources
Eliminating constraints
What does the 100% rule in a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) mean?
The WBS must include 80% human resources and 20% material resources
The WBS must include all project tasks and their deliverables
The WBS must include all project tasks and supplier tasks
The WBS must include all time periods allocated to tasks
The WBS must contain the entire team structure
What is the difference between "diff" and "conflict" in version control?
Diff occurs at check-in; conflict occurs at check-out
Diff is the difference between two versions of the same file on Windows; conflict is the difference between two versions of the same file on UNIX
Conflict occurs when contradictory commands exist in two versions of the same file, whereas diff prioritizes the version with fewer consequences
Diff represents the difference between versions of the same file; conflict occurs when two colleagues attempt to upload the same file to the server
Diff always occurs after a conflict as a consequence of the latter
What are the core components of a generic project?
Funds, time, resources, scope
Resources, scope, control, people
Scope, control, people, profit
Time, resources, scope, control
Control, people, profit, requirements
What are the two main roles in the SCRUM methodology?
Sheep, wolf
Chicken, pig
Wolf, bear
Bear, hyena
Pig, sheep
What does the "Student Syndrome" refer to?
The effort for completing tasks is not distributed evenly but is concentrated at the beginning of the allocated period
If a task is completed after the deadline, completion is not reported
The effort for completing tasks is not distributed evenly but is concentrated at the end of the allocated period
The penalty for completing tasks after the deadline depends on previous results
If a task is completed before the deadline, completion is not reported
A disadvantage of the bottom-up estimation method is:
The overall picture is difficult to estimate at the start of the project
Details are difficult to estimate at the start of the project
Details are difficult to estimate at the end of the project
The overall picture is difficult to estimate at the end of the project
The "diagonal" method is more accurate at the end of the project
A disadvantage of the top-down estimation method is:
If the funds estimation is incorrect, then the bottom estimation will also be incorrect
If the estimation at the end is incorrect, then the estimation at the beginning will also be incorrect
If the top estimation is incorrect, then the human resource estimation will also be incorrect
If the top estimation is incorrect, the estimation of details will also be incorrect
What is the difference between a unique project and a standard project in terms of estimability?
The resource requirements for a unique project are harder to estimate than for a standard project
All standard projects are unique
The resource requirements for a standard project are harder to estimate than for a unique project
A standard project is better suited for vertical estimation methods
A unique project is better suited for horizontal estimation methods
A project is characterized by:
Resources, activities, deliverables
Clear objectives, a dedicated budget
Funding, management authority, applicant
The characteristics of project management include:
The existence of a project team
Availability of unlimited financial and material resources
A continuous monitoring process
The Gantt chart is an effective way to highlight the time intervals in which tasks take place and how they overlap in time.
True
False
In a project, the project manager:
Appoints themselves to the position
Leads the project and the project team, and each team member is responsible for their own decisions to the project manager
The project team members give orders, and the project manager executes them
Resource estimation is done only after defining the project objectives and designing the necessary activities.
True
False
Continuous monitoring/evaluation in a project should be performed:
Occasionally
Whenever the project manager considers it necessary
Permanent
The following stages/phases belong to project management:
Project initiation, detailed planning, resource allocation
Financing
Auditing
The project life cycle is based on the following stages:
Start and completion
Identification, formulation, financing, implementation, evaluation
Planning, implementation
In the identification phase, the necessary activities for project execution are determined.
True
False
Once the project has started, the main responsibilities of the project manager are:
Adhering to the activity plan, deadlines, and budget
Recording payments in accounting
Coordinating the team
Conducting public procurement
In the project identification phase:
A group analysis of the context and problems is conducted
The project budget is developed
Financing is obtained
Project team meetings provide opportunities for members to collaboratively resolve emerging issues.
True
False
The evaluation phase is only necessary to identify mistakes that can be avoided in future projects.
True
False
The project’s goal represents the state in which the organization’s members want the addressed problem to be at the end of the project.
True
False
In project management, an objective should be SMART, meaning: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Time-bound.
True
False
For effective project control, the following requirements should be met:
- Use the project plan as the primary guide for coordination
- Continuously monitor the project and update the plan accordingly
True
False
Through periodic internal reports, the project coordinator can:
Identify discrepancies between the planned project and actual implementation
Request additional funding as they see fit
Skip the final project evaluation
Continuous monitoring/evaluation in a project should be conducted:
Occasionally
Whenever the project manager deems it necessary
Permanent
Project team meetings provide opportunities for members to collaboratively resolve emerging issues.
True
False
In project management, relevance refers to the extent to which objectives align with the needs of beneficiaries and how well they match the objectives of the funding program.
True
False
The final report includes project activities, results, impacts, and the utilization of all resources.
True
False
In project management, efficiency refers to analyzing the use of material and financial resources in comparison to the results achieved.
True
False
The role of the project manager is to ensure that the team successfully completes the project. The responsibility for task execution lies with each team member individually.
True
False
Projects should be:
Monitored and evaluated by both the manager and the financer whenever they deem necessary
Monitored occasionally and evaluated at the end
Continuously monitored internally by the project manager and externally evaluated by independent assessors
In project management, monitoring is defined as the periodic and systematic process of collecting and analyzing data related to project
True
False
In project management, monitoring means:
Observing what happens as it happens
Predicting what will happen before it happens
Checking what has happened after it has happened
Project team meetings are opportunities for members to celebrate interim results together with stakeholders, based on the activities carried out up to the meeting.
True
False
The purpose of project monitoring and control is to determine the level of achievement of the set objectives, as well as to assess its relevance, efficiency, impact, and sustainability.
True
False
In project management, an objective must be SMART, meaning it should meet the following characteristics:
SELECTIVE – clearly defines what will be achieved
LARGE – compared to the requested funding
ADAPTABLE – to possible changes
RELEVANT – to the project
TRANSFERABLE – in the future and to other projects
SELECTIVE – clearly defines what will be achieved
LARGE – compared to the requested funding
ADAPTABLE – to possible changes
RELEVANT – to the project
TRANSFERABLE – in the future and to other projects
True
False
The project's goal represents a long-term target, and to achieve it, specific objectives must first be met.
True
False
The immediate result represents the situation that is intended to be achieved when the project is completed.
True
False
The opinions of beneficiaries can be extremely valuable in understanding the project's progress.
True
False
Articles published in the press or reports on radio or television about the project are relevant elements to consider in project monitoring.
True
False
The evaluation phase is only necessary to identify mistakes that can be avoided in future projects.
True
False
Activities represent the tasks and actions necessary to produce project results, and these activities depend on the allocated resources.
True
False
The final report includes details about project activities, results, impacts, and the utilization of all resources.
True
False
A project management team must include at least: a project manager, a financial officer, and a legal advisor.
True
False
The final evaluation must be conducted at the end of the project, but partial evaluations/monitoring must also take place during the project's implementation.
True
False
The purpose of evaluation (at the end of the project) is to:
- Learn from what was successful and what was not
- Verify if the results and performance indicators were met
- Estimate remaining problems and determine actions needed to ensure project sustainability
True
False
The purpose of evaluation (at project funding) is to:
- Learn from what was successful and what was not
- Verify if the results and performance indicators were met
- Estimate remaining problems and determine actions needed to ensure project sustainability
True
False
What do you understand by “asking for excellence, not perfection from the team members”?
False, they should strive for perfection in their work
Excellence means giving their best, as achieving perfection is impossible
Excellence is a more technical term, while perfection is more literary
Excellence is quantifiable, whereas perfection is not
Multi-domain excellence is more important than perfection in a single field
For successful projects, one should:
Frequently hire new people
Care about their team members
Ensure the commitment of senior management
Monitor the project efficiently
Adapt the specifications to the team
What is “Parkinson’s law”?
The effort for finalizing a task is not distributed uniformly, but concentrated at the end of the period
If a task is finalized after the deadline, it is not reported
If a task is finished before its deadline, it is reported only on the deadline
The punishment for finalizing a task after the deadline, depends on previous results
The effort for finalizing a task is not distributed uniformly, but concentrated at the beginning allocated period
The “Toyota Way” principles include:
The organization should be a learning one
Long term gain is more important, than short term profit
Checking in person is more important, than automated checks
The technology used should be state of art
The parts inventory should be as big as possible
How much does a typical “sprint” take within the SCRUM method?
1 day
2 month – 1 year c.
2 weeks- 1 month
2 – 4 months
1 – 2 weeks
A project’s phases are:
Initialization, planning, decomposition, monitoring, closing
Initialization, planning, execution, control, restart
Initialization, normalization, execution, control, restart
Initialization, planning, execution, control, closing
Estimation, planning, execution, control, closing
Which are the basic components of a generic project?
Funds, time, resources, scope
Resources, scope, control, people
Control, people, profit, requirements
Scope, control, people, profit
Time, resources, scope, control
What is the difference between a unique project and a standard one from an estimation point of view?
The standard project is better estimated with the horizontal method
All standard projects are different
The unique project’s need for resources is more difficult to estimate, than the standard project’s
The standard project’s need for resources is more difficult to estimate, thant the unique project’s
The unique project is better estimated with the horizontal method
The critical path method includes:
Eliminating constraints
Ignoring constraints
Analyzing unequal resource use
Solving conflicts in resource allocation
Eliminating the project with the critical path
What is the difference between diff and conflict in version control?
“diff” shows up at checking, “conflict” shows up at checkout
“diff” is the difference between versions of the same file, “conflict” appears when two colleagues try to upload different versions of the same file
“diff” is the difference between two versions of the same file in Windows, “conflict” is the difference between 2 versions of the same file in Linux
“conflict” appears between 2 contradictory instructions in 2 versions of the same source file, “diff” means prioritizing the version with the fewest consequences
“diff” always happens after a “conflict” because of the latter
Some common characteristics of Agile methods are:
Verbal communication preferred
Partial product demos
Detailed long-term plan
Documenting each step
Frequent meetings
A disadvantage of the “top-down” estimation method is:
If the funds estimation is wrong, than the bottom estimation will be wrong
If the estimation at the end is wrong, then the estimation at the beginning will be wrong
If the top estimation is wrong, then the human resource estimation will be wrong
If the top estimation is wrong, the estimation of the details will be wrong
If the bottom estimation is wrong, then the matrix estimation will be wrong
What is the 80/20 rule (Pareto principle)?
Consuming 80% of the time allocated to the project, leads to exceeding the deadline by 20%
Consuming 20% of the resources, leads to finalizing the project in 80% of the allocated time
By completing the 20% most important tasks, 80% of the project can be completed
In 80% of the cases, 20% of the projects are not finished in time
By doing the 80% costliest tasks, 20% of the costs can be saved
The project management triangle includes:
Scope, time, people
Resources, monitoring, execution
People, resources, monitoring
Time, people, resources
Cost, scope, time
The typical risk matrix shows the correlation between:
Red, blue
Risk, relaxation
Costs, benefits
Probability, severity
Human, material
In a WBS (Work Breakdown Structure), what does the 80-hour rule mean?
A WBS should not have more than 80 branches, each lasting one hour
No activity or set of activities for a single deliverable should include more than 80 tasks, each lasting one hour
Breaks are required after every 80 hours spent on a task
A WBS should not have more than 80 leaves, each lasting one hour
No activity or set of activities for a single deliverable should take more than 80 hours
The primary purpose of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is:
To protect personally collected data of EU citizens when they are outside the EU
To protect the data of non-EU individuals when they are within the EU
To protect the personal data of EU citizens, whether they are inside or outside the EU
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