Neuro Wk 10
Match the spinal cord tract to its specific function.
Anterior/ventral corticospinal tract
Unilateral motor function: control of axial muscles
:ateral spinothalamic tract
Contralateral motor function: control muscles of the limbs
Lateral corticospinal tract
Crude touch and pressure
Dorsal columns
Pain and temperature
Anterior spinothalamic tract
Fine touch, proprioception, vibration, and two-point discrimination
Which spinal cord tracts form the pyramids of medulla?
Corticospinal tracts
Lateral spinothalamic tracts
Anterior spinothalamic tracts
Fasiculus gracilis
Match each term with its definition
Myotome
Area of skin innervated by sensory fibers from a spinal nerve root
Cutaneous innervation
Area of skin supplied by a cutaneous nerve
Dermatome
Group of muscles innervated by motor nerves from a spinal nerve root
Tumors, infection, and disc degeneration causing injury to the spinal cord are considered what?
Traumatic SCI
Non-traumatic SCI
Spinal cord injuries are more common in males.
True
False
SCIs are most common in which age group?
1-16
16-30
30-45
45-60
What is the most common cause of spinal cord injury?
Falls
Cancer
Motor vehicle accidents
Violence
In older adults the most common cause of SCI is falls.
True
False
Match each part of the spinal cord to its correct description.
Conus medullaris
Bundle of spinal nerves containing L2-L5 nerve pairs, S1-S5 nerve pairs, and coccygeal nerve
Cauda equina
Fibrous extension that anchors the spinal cord to the coccyx.
Filum terminale
Termination of spinal cord around L1-L2
Why is the anterior spinal artery significant?
It supplies the entire spinal cord on its own.
The posterior spinal artery is the more significant one.
It supplies 1/3 of the spinal cord.
It supplies 2/3 of the spinal cord.
Match each spinal cord level with its associated muscle groups.
C8
Elbow extensors
S1-S5
Ankle dorsiflexion
L1-L2
Shoulder flexors and abductors, elbow flexors
C6
Wrist extensors
T1-T6
Upper trunk control
L5
Knee extensors
C7
Hip flexors
L3
Lower trunk control
L4
Finger flexors, extensors, and intrinsics
T7-T12
Toe extensors
C5
Ankle plantarflexors, bowel and bladder
C4
Diaphragm and shoulder elevators
What does the ASIA exam tell about an SCI? Select all that apply.
Standardized and detailed documentation of the SCI neurological level of injury
Guidance for rehabilitation prognosis and intervention planning
Determine if the SCI is complete or incomplete
Neck hyperextension causing both sensory and motor deficits where the upper body has greater impairment than lower body would most likely be diagnosed as what?
Central cord syndrome
Anterior cord syndrome
Brown-sequard syndrome
Caude equina syndrome
A gunshot wound causing ipsilateral loss of motor, vibration, and proprioception as well as contralateral loss of pain and temperature is most likely what?
Central cord syndrome
Anterior cord syndrome
Brown-sequard syndrome
Cauda equina syndrome
Bowel and bladder dysfunction, sexual dysfunction, lower extremity motor or sensory impairment, and loss of reflexes are all symptoms of what?
Central cord syndrome
Anterior cord syndrome
Brown-sequard syndrome
Cauda equina syndrome
Select all that is true about anterior cord syndrome
Flexion or vascular injury
Ipsilateral loss of motor control
Complete loss of pain and temperature below level of injury
Loss of proprioception and vibration below level of injury
Headache, sweating above level of injury, BP higher than their baseline, vision changes, bradycardia, and being red above the level of injury are signs of which medical emergency?
Autonomic dysreflexia
Orthostatic hypotension
Pressure sores
Deep vein thrombosis
Pulmonary embolism
Heterotrophic ossification
Select possible causes of autonomic dysreflexia
Tight clothing
Bowel compaction
Blocked catheter
Sexual arousal
Order the steps to responding to autonomic dysreflexia
Check blood pressure
Locate noxious stimulus
Sit patient upright to reduce BP
Continue to evaluate BP every 5 minutes
Mobility, compression stockings, and coagulation therapy are steps of prevention for what?
Heterotopic ossification
Deep vein thrombosis/Pulmonary embolism
Pressure sores
Orthostatic hypotension
Decreases ROM, swelling or warmth around a joint, fever, pain, and increased spasticity are signs of what?
DVT/PE
Pressure sores
Orthostatic hypotension
Heterotopic ossification
Repositioning is of upmost importance for the prevention of what?
Deep vein thrombosis
Orthostatic hypotension
Pressure sores
Heterotopic ossification
Preserving tenodesis for appropriate SCI patients allows them to have what?
Release due to wrist flexion
Release due to finger extension
Grasp caused by wrist extension
Grasp caused by finger flexion
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