Hazard Waste Management

It contains one or more of the critical pollutants that have been listed as hazardous.

Any substance that, because of its quantity, concentration or physical, chemical or infectious characteristics, may cause, or significantly contribute to, an increase in mortality

It causes an increase in serious irreversible or incapacitating reversible illness.

It poses a substantial present or potential hazard to human health and the environment when improperly treated, stored, transported or disposed of, or otherwise managed.

All of the following are characteristics of a hazardous waste except:

• materials in aqueous solution that have pH outside the
  range 2.0 to 12.5
• liquids that exhibit corrosivity to steel at a rate greater
  than 6.35 mm per year at a test temperature of 55C

• normally unstable and readily undergoes violent change without detonating
• reacts violently with water
• forms potentially explosive mixtures with water
• generates toxic gases, vapors or fumes when mixed with water

• capable of detonation or explosive reaction if subjected to a strong initiating
  source or if heated under confinement
• readily capable of detonation or explosive decomposition or reaction at
  standard temperature and pressure

• bioconcentration: ability of a material to be retained in animal tissue
• LD50: amount of chemical needed to kill half a group of test specimens
  rough guideline < 50 mg/kg body weight

• bioconcentration: ability of a material to be retained in animal tissue
• LD50: amount of chemical needed to kill half a group of test specimens
  rough guideline < 50 mg/kg body weight

What are the types of hazardous wastes?

• no need to remove the offending material if
  the cost of removal is prohibitive
• installation of slurry walls (deep trenches
  filled with bentonite clay) and continuous
  monitoring for leakage
• the offending material might slowly
  biodegrade or chemically change to nontoxic
  form

• ocean floor
• deep well injection
• land spreading
• landfilling

• neutralization
• oxidation
• precipitation
• reverse osmosis
• electrodialysis
• solvent extraction
• ion exchange
• biological treatment processes
• cometabolism
• incineration

• cultures and stocks of infectious agents
• human pathological wastes
• human blood and blood products
• sharp implements: used and unused
• contaminated animal wastes
• isolation waste from patients with communicable diseases

• on-site incineration
• landfilling

• due to cosmic radiation from space,
  natural decay of radioactive materials
  in rocks and radiation from living
  inside buildings

• X-rays
• high-altitude flights in commercial
  airlines

• nuclear power plants and weapons
  facilities
• industrial sources

• Three Mile Island
• Chernobyl

• containment
• ground depressions
• ocean bed

What is the symbol for flammable?

What is the symbol for corrosive?

What is the symbol for reactive?

What is the symbol for radioactive?

What is the symbol for toxic?

What is the symbol for infectious?