Biol 1050 random shit I can never remember
The CNS
Cortex, Limbic system, Brain stem, Spinal cord
Cortex, Hypothalamus, Cerebellum, Amygdala
Olfactory Bulb, Hippocampus, Brain Stem
Limbic system, Cortex, Spine, Hypothalamus
Amygdala
Emotion
Fight/Flight
Relaxation
Memory
In fight or flight: downard flow of neural impulses to: and through:
Hippocampus, thoracic spinal cord
Hypothalamus, lumbar spinal cord
Hypothalamus, thoracic spinal cord
Hypothalamus, nothoracic spinal cord
Anatomical epicenters are
Brainstem: Locus coeruleus in the medulla and Limbic system
Brainstem: Locus coeruleus in the pons and Limbic system
Brainstem: Locus coeruleus in the amygdala and Limbic system
Brainstem: Locus coeruleus in the pons and hypothalamus
Posterior Pituitary axis
Receives neural impulses from the supraoptic nuclei of the hippocampus
Receives neural impulses from the supraoptic neurotransmitters of the hypothalamus
Receives neural impulses from the supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus
Both A and B
Glucocorticosteroids, Prolactin and oxytocin, Growth hormone and luteinizing hormone can all be used to
Assess violence
Assess stress
Assess hormone levels
Asses distress
Tryptophan Synthesizes
Seretonin
5-HT
5-Hydroxytryptamine
Legit all of them
SSRI (select all that apply)
Allows brain to reuse seretonin
Inhibits seretonin
Inhibits tryptophan synthesis
Prevents reuptake of seretonin
PNS is made of
Cranial and spinal nerves (each consisting of a bundle of axons)
Cranial and spinal nerves (only spinal nerves consisting of bundle of axons)
Cranial and spinal nerves (only cranial nerves consisting of bundle of axons)
Patellar reflex
Impulse travels through sensory nerve to dorsal horn in white matter of spinal cord
Impulse travels through sensory nerves to ventral horn in white matter
Impulse travels through efferent nerves to ventral horn in grey matter of spinal cord
Impulse travels through sensory nerve to ventral horn in grey matter of spinal cord
Patellar reflex
Synapses with motor neuron resulting in muscular contraction
Synapses with motor neuron resulting in muscular retraction
Synapses with motor neuron resulting in muscular relaxation
To test pelvic reflex
Pinch hock
Pinch toe
Pinch stifle
Pinch ankle
Pinch nose
Corpus callosum
Connects 3 cerebral hemispheres
Connects 2 cerebral hemispheres
Forebrain consists of (select all that apply)
Cerebellum
Hypothalamus
Cerebrum
Pons
Thalamus
Pituitary gland
Nonpituitary glands
Three brain regions
Hindbrain, forebrain, medialbrain
Backbrain, midbrain, forebrain
Forewardbrain, mediumbrain, backwardsbrain
Forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain
Cortex description (select all)
Made of grey matter
Cerebrums outter layer
Interprets sensory inputs
Controls skilled movements (voluntary)
Acts in intellectual and emotional processing
Basal nuclei description
Works for coordination and is composed of grey matter
Works for coordination and is composed of white matter
Works for emotion and is composed of nonmatter
Thalamus (select all)
Relays sensory input to the cortex
Does not relay sensory input
Relays only some action potential
Involved in memory
Hypothalamus (select all)
Integrates somatic system
Integrates autonomic system
Regulates hormonal output
Is a non essential element of the brain
The limbic system (select all)
Mediates emotional responses, motivation and helps with memory
Doe NOT help with memory
Mediates emotional and hormonal responses
Is composed of Amygdala and hypocampus
Smell triggers memory by first passing through what brain part
Olfactory plateau
Olfactory bulb
Olfengodle bulb
Midbrain functions
Visual, auditory, relfexes, motor centers, cranial nerves
Visual, auditory, movement, respriration
Nothing
Pons functions
Respiration
Heart beating
Blinking
All of the above
Pons
Cooperates with medulla and relays information from cerebrum to cerebellum
Cooperated with megdela and relays information from cerebrum to cerebellum
Cooperated with medulla and relays information to cerebrum from cerebellum
Reticular formation
Maintain alertness
Filters repetitive stimuli
Regulates muscle activity
All of the above
Cerebellum function
Process info from cerebral cortex, proprioceptors, viceral and unbalanced pathways
Processes info from cerebral cortex only
Processes info from cerebral cortex, proprioceptors, visual and equilibrium pathways
Cerebral spinal fluid
Contains less protein and more vitamin D than blood plasma
Contains more protein and less vitamin C than blood plasma
Contains less protein and more vitamin C and has different ion composition than blood plasma
Contains less protein and more vitamin C and has same ion composition than blood plasma
Polynuclear Nociceptors (select all that apply)
Respond to noxious stimuli (chemical, thermal etc)
Unmyelinated C- fibres
Velocity <3m/s
Silent Nociceptors (select all)
Velocity >3m/s
Velocity <3m/s
Unmyelinated C - fibres
Myelinated c-fibres
Respond to chemical stimuli first
Respond to mechanical and thermal stimuli first
Respond to chemical stimuli after activation
Respons to mechanical and thermal stimuli after activation
Seretonin can be impacted by
Diet/Exersice
Diet/cognitive enhancement
Exersice/ Cognitive enhancement
Diet/ sleep
Sleep/diet/exercise
Depressed pups with separation anxiety can be treated with
SSRU
SSRL
SRSI
SSRI
RISS
Bradykinin/Phospholipase (select all)
Released from RBC
Released from WBC
Release histamine
Can act as neurotransmitter
ATP, when released,
Causes a feeling of pain
Causes feeling of slight pressure
Causes feeling of adrenaline
Activates fight/flight response
True/false: Ach and K+ are responsible for localized, late pain
True
False
Bradykinin (select all)
Is released from plasma
Involved in trauma pain and inflamation
Released from platelets
Common mediators (select all)
ATP
Ach
K+
Bradykinin
Cytokines
Glutamate
Histamine
Nerve growth factor
Positive ions
Negative ions
Cytokines (select all that apply)
Released from platelets
Released from immune cells
Involved in cancer pain
Involved in deflamation
Involved in inflamation
Glutamate (select all that apply)
Activates NMDA receptors in dorsal horn
Activates NADPH receptors in ventral horn
Activates ATP receptors in ventral horn
Is responsible for enhanced pain response (spinally mediated hyperalges)
Histamine (select all)
Released from platelets
Released from mast cells
Involved in all types of pain
Involved in cancer pain
Involved in just trauma pain
A-alpha fibres are (select all)
Myelinated
Unmyelinated
Have smallest diameter
Have largest diameter
Fast conduction rate
Slow conduction rate
Involved in proprioception
Involved in touch
A-beta fibres (select all)
Slower than Alpha fibers
Faster than delta fibres
Have myelination
Diameter of about 6 micrometer
Diameter of about 1 micrometer
Involved in touch reception
A-delta (select all)
Faster than C fibers
Faster than beta fibers
Unmyelinated
Involved in nociception
Second smallest in diameter
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